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For +the avoidance of doubt, this paragraph does not form part of the +public licenses. + +Creative Commons may be contacted at creativecommons.org. + diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6095f28 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +# 实验实习专业综合技能课参考实现 + +安徽农业大学《实验实习专业综合技能课》历次作业的参考实现、操作指南与题目素材。由本仓库持续整理。 + +## 收录概览 + +- 收录课程：安徽农业大学《实验实习专业综合技能课》 +- 当前收录：1 次（第二次课 · Word 实践） +- 覆盖技能：Word 高级排版（空心字、批注、分栏、斜线表头、自动目录域） + +## 仓库结构 + +``` +第二次课/ # 第二次课：Word 实践 +作业/ # 题目原始素材（作业说明、效果图、文本素材、论文） +答案.docx # 参考实现（四个练习合并文档） +作业操作指南.md # 手把手操作步骤 +README.md # 本课说明 +LICENSE # 课程整体许可 +``` + +各次课目录命名为 `第 N 次课/`，内部固定包含： + +- `作业/` — 题目原始文件（说明文档、效果图、素材文档） +- `答案.docx` — 参考实现（按作业命名要求命名，不含个人信息） +- `作业操作指南.md` — 从题目到产物的完整操作步骤 +- `README.md` — 本课说明 + +## 许可证 + +本仓库以 **CC BY-SA 4.0 International** 发布，署名-相同方式共享。详见 [LICENSE](LICENSE)。 diff --git a/第二次课/README.md b/第二次课/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..22fb98a --- /dev/null +++ b/第二次课/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +# 第二次课 · Word 实践 + +Word 排版综合练习，完成四个独立练习并合并为一份文档。 + +## 作业内容 + +| 练习 | 要求 | +|------|------| +| 练习一 | 楷体空心标题 + 批注、五号正文、10 位科学家姓名国籍分栏、深灰底纹斜体段（含下划线）、字符底纹、着重号、项目符号 | +| 练习二 | 毕业论文封面：校名、论文标题、四行表单、落款，单页放下 | +| 练习三 | 横向 4 行 8 列表格：斜线表头、外框粗黑线、第一行下三线、第三行下双线、单元格合并、底色填充 | +| 练习四 | 自动生成毕业论文目录（目录域），目录后插入论文正文；论文节页码独立从 1 起编 | + +## 本目录结构 + +``` +作业/ # 题目原始素材 +├── Word 作业说明.docx 作业要求说明 +├── 练习一（文本）.docx / 练习四（论文）.docx 文本素材 +└── 练习一.jpg / 练习二.jpg / 练习三.jpg / 练习四.jpg 效果图 +答案.docx # 参考实现（四个练习合并，25 页） +作业操作指南.md # 手把手操作步骤 +README.md # 本文件 +``` + +## 提交 + +四个练习合并为一份 Word 文档，文件名格式： + +``` +学号+专业班级+姓名.docx +``` + +例：`26110101农经1班李某某.docx` + +## 参考实现说明 + +`答案.docx` 为按作业要求生成的参考实现，不含个人身份信息。操作步骤见 [作业操作指南.md](作业操作指南.md)。 + +## 许可证 + +本仓库以 **CC BY-SA 4.0 International** 发布。详见上级目录 [LICENSE](../LICENSE)。 diff --git a/第二次课/作业/Word 作业说明.docx b/第二次课/作业/Word 作业说明.docx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fc78283 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/Word 作业说明.docx differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业/练习一.jpg b/第二次课/作业/练习一.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..38725f2 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/练习一.jpg differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业/练习一（文本）.docx b/第二次课/作业/练习一（文本）.docx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5ffbedb Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/练习一（文本）.docx differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业/练习三.jpg b/第二次课/作业/练习三.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f3a45e4 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/练习三.jpg differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业/练习二.jpg b/第二次课/作业/练习二.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc5b533 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/练习二.jpg differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业/练习四.jpg b/第二次课/作业/练习四.jpg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..81e4c68 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/练习四.jpg differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业/练习四（论文）.docx b/第二次课/作业/练习四（论文）.docx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fc374b5 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/作业/练习四（论文）.docx differ diff --git a/第二次课/作业操作指南.md b/第二次课/作业操作指南.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6119cb3 --- /dev/null +++ b/第二次课/作业操作指南.md @@ -0,0 +1,649 @@ +# Word 实践 · 手把手操作指南 + +> 跟着这篇文档一步步做，四个练习一次搞定。 +> +> 读完一个练习就做一个练习，别等看完才动手。遇到 Word 没反应？先保存再查「易错点」。 + +--- + +## 准备工作 + +### 1. 打开素材 + +把 `作业/` 文件夹里的东西准备好： + +| 文件 | 做什么用 | +|---|---| +| `Word 作业说明.docx` | 看作业要求（可以略过，本文档就是具体步骤） | +| `练习一.jpg` / `练习二.jpg` / `练习三.jpg` / `练习四.jpg` | **效果图**，每做完一个练习就打开对照 | +| `练习一（文本）.docx` | 练习一的正文素材，复制粘贴过来 | +| `练习四（论文）.docx` | 练习四的论文正文，最终要插在目录后面 | + +### 2. 新建文档 + +打开 Word → **新建空白文档**，从练习一开始往里面做。 + +> 💡 建议做完一个练习就**另存为**一次，万一 Word 崩了不会白做。 + +### 3. 页面设置（练习一用） + +| 参数 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 纸张 | A4（21 × 29.7 cm） | +| 方向 | 纵向 | +| 上 / 下 边距 | 2.54 cm | +| 左 / 右 边距 | 2.54 cm | + +操作：**布局 → 页边距 → 自定义页边距** + +⚠️ **重要**：练习一的页面设置会影响练习二/三/四的页面——练习三要改成横向，这是练习三内部的事，不要在练习一就改成横向。 + +--- + +## 练习一 · 十位最杰出的物理学家 + +### 目标 + +打开 `练习一.jpg`，你要做出来和图上一模一样： + +- 标题是**空心**的楷体字，居中，大号 +- 标题右侧有一个批注框，写着"注意这里字体是空心的" +- 正文是楷体五号字，单倍行距 +- 10 位科学家的姓名国籍分成**左右两栏** +- 中间一段灰底斜体，里面有三处下划线 +- "有待解决的"五个字自带灰底（比底纹段的灰稍浅） +- "物理学难题"四个字下面有**着重号**（不是圆点也不是下划线，是每个字下面的小圆点） +- 最后是四个项目符号条目 + +### 前置状态 + +一个空白 A4 纵向页面，页边距 2.54 cm。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 1 · 标签"练习一" + +在文档最顶行输入「练习一」，然后： + +- **加粗**（Ctrl + B） +- 字号 14 +- 黑体 +- 左对齐（默认就是） + +按 **Enter** 空一行。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 2 · 空心标题 + 批注 + +输入：**十位最杰出的物理学家** + +然后设置格式： + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 楷体 | +| 字号 | 22（或者二号，一样大） | +| 对齐 | 居中 | +| 空心 | ✅ 打开 | + +**空心怎么开**： + +- Office 2016/2019/365：**开始 → 字体 → 文字效果 → 轮廓**，轮廓颜色选黑色，填充选"无填充" +- WPS：**开始 → 文字效果 → 轮廓**，同样轮廓黑、填充无 +- 老版本 Word：**右键 → 字体 → 文字效果 → 空心** + +**加批注**：光标放在标题上，**审阅 → 新建批注**，在右侧输入框写： + +> 注意这里字体是空心的 + +⚠️ **易错点**：批注作者名字不要改。效果图里批注缩写是 `[w1]`，如果你 Word 里显示的是 `[你的名字缩写]`，**保存文档不会影响格式**，老师主要看批注内容对不对。 + +按 **Enter** 两次空出一段。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 3 · 正文段落 + +打开 `练习一（文本）.docx`，复制**除了标题之外的所有文字**（从"英国《物理世界》杂志……"到"……最杰出的物理学家，刊登在新推出的新千年特刊上，他们是："）。 + +粘贴过来，然后设置格式： + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 楷体 | +| 字号 | 10.5（= 五号） | +| 行距 | 单倍（**开始 → 段落 → 行距 → 1.0**） | +| 段前 / 段后 | 0 行 | +| 首行缩进 | 2 字符（**开始 → 段落 → 首行缩进 → 2 字符**） | + +⚠️ **易错点**：WPS 默认有「对齐到网格」的隐藏功能，会把行距强制拉开。如果你的行距看起来比效果图松：**段落 → 行距选项 → 勾选"不粘贴空格" → 取消"如果定义了文档网格，则与网格对齐"**。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 4 · 名单（分栏） + +名单文字： + +``` +1.爱因斯坦（德国） +2.牛顿（英国） +3.麦克韦斯（英国） +4.玻尔（丹麦） +5.海森伯格（德国） +6.伽利略（意大利） +7.费曼（美国） +8.狄拉克（英国） +9.薛定谔（奥地利） +10.卢瑟福（新西兰） +``` + +输入完这 10 行，**不要分栏**，先把每一行的对齐方式改成「左对齐」，字号还是 10.5 楷体。 + +现在要把这 10 行变成两栏： + +1. 选中这 10 行 +2. **布局 → 分栏 → 更多分栏** +3. 设置： + - 预设：**两栏** + - 间距：**0.75 cm** + - 栏宽：默认（21 cm 页面宽 - 2×2.54 cm 边距 = 15.92 cm / 2 栏 = 7.96 cm） + - ✅ **栏间加分隔线**？效果图没画出来，不用勾 +4. 确定 + +✅ **验证**：名单应该左右两栏，左边 1-5，右边 6-10。如果你的名单 1-10 全在左栏、右栏空着——说明选中的范围没包含 10 行全，重新选中再设分栏。 + +⚠️ **易错点**：分栏之后，名单下方的内容也会自动变成两栏！这是因为 Word 把「分栏」当成了整个节的属性。解决办法见下一步。 + +名单写完，**在名单最后一行末尾按 End 键，然后按 Ctrl + Shift + Enter**（插入「连续分节符」）。这样后面的内容就会恢复成单栏。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 5 · 深灰底纹斜体段 + +输入： + +> 在当代物理学家眼中，爱因斯坦的狭义和广义相对论、牛顿的运动和引力定律再加上量子力学理学，是有史以来最重要的三项物理学发现。 + +选中这整段，设置： + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 楷体 10.5 | +| 斜体 | ✅（Ctrl + I） | +| 底纹 | **背景色深灰** | +| 行距 | **1.5 倍** | +| 首行缩进 | 2 字符 | + +**底纹怎么加**：**开始 → 底纹**（不是「字符底纹」按钮，是背景色那个大按钮），点箭头 → 其他颜色 → 自定义 → 输入 **RGB(89, 89, 89)**。 + +**三处下划线**：在这段文字里找到三个词组，分别选中加下划线（Ctrl + U）： + +1. **狭义和广义相对论** +2. **牛顿的运动和引力定律** +3. **量子力学理学** + +--- + +#### 步骤 6 · 字符底纹 + 着重号 + +下一段输入： + +> 接受调查的物理学家们还列举了下个千年有待解决的一些主要物理学难题： + +先把整段设为楷体 10.5，单倍行距。 + +然后**只选中「有待解决的」五个字**，加**字符底纹**： +- Office：**开始 → 字体组里找「字符底纹」按钮**（一个带 A 的小方块），颜色选**浅灰** RGB(128, 128, 128) +- WPS：**开始 → 字体 → 字符底纹**，颜色一样 + +再**只选中「物理学难题」五个字**，加**着重号**： +- **右键 → 字体 → 着重号 → ▼ → 选「着重号」（不是·也不是下划线）** + +⚠️ **易错点**：着重号不是所有 Word 版本默认显示的。找不到的话就用 **Ctrl + D**（字体对话框快捷键），在下面一栏「着重号」下拉里选。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 7 · 项目符号 + +空一行，然后： + +1. **开始 → 项目符号**（默认是 ●，刚好就是效果图里的样子） +2. 输入：**量子引力**，回车 +3. 下一条：**聚变能**，回车 +4. 下一条：**高温超导体**，回车 +5. 最后一条：**太阳磁场** + +--- + +#### 步骤 8 · 练习一结束 + +按 **Ctrl + End** 把光标移到文档最末尾，然后按 **Ctrl + Enter**（分页符）。第 1 页就是完整的练习一了。 + +✅ **验证**：对照 `练习一.jpg`，逐项检查： +- [ ] 标题空心、批注内容对、位置在标题右上角 +- [ ] 正文五号楷体、单倍行距 +- [ ] 名单两栏，左 1-5 / 右 6-10 +- [ ] 底纹段深灰斜体，三处下划线 +- [ ] "有待解决的"浅灰字符底纹 +- [ ] "物理学难题"有小圆点着重号 +- [ ] 项目符号是 ● + +--- + +## 练习二 · 毕业论文封面 + +### 目标 + +打开 `练习二.jpg`，做出来一样的封面：校名、论文标题、四行表单、落款，单页放下。 + +### 前置状态 + +练习一做完后，已经换页到新的一页（练习二第一页）。 + +⚠️ **页边距恢复**：封面是独立页面。如果你之前改了页边距，现在要改回去：**布局 → 页边距 → 2.54 / 2.54 / 2.54 / 2.54**。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 1 · 标题行 + +「安徽农业大学」 + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 宋体 | +| 字号 | 26（或小二号） | +| 字符间距 | **8 磅**（选中文本 → 字体 → 高级 → 间距 → 磅值 8） | +| 对齐 | 居中 | +| 段前 | **100 磅**（按 Ctrl + G 然后点段落设置） | + +空一行，输入「毕业论文（设计）」： + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 宋体 | +| 字号 | 36（或初号） | +| 字符间距 | **4 磅**（过宽会折行） | +| 对齐 | 居中 | + +空三行。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 2 · 表单（四行） + +封面的表单效果：左侧是标签，右侧是内容，标签右侧有一条下划线横跨整行。这个下划线是**表格的下边框**做的，不是按空格然后画下划线（那样对齐不了）。 + +**插入一个 4 行 × 4 列的表格**：**插入 → 表格 → 4×4**。 + +把表格的边框全部去掉：**选中整个表格 → 设计 → 边框 → 无框线**。 + +然后设置列宽： + +| 列 | 宽 | +|---|---| +| 第 1 列（标签） | 2.6 cm | +| 第 2 列（内容） | 5.2 cm | +| 第 3 列（标签） | 2.6 cm | +| 第 4 列（内容） | 5.2 cm | + +右键每列 → 表格属性 → 列 → 指定宽度。 + +然后设置单元格文字对齐：**每个单元格内 Ctrl + A 选中 → 开始 → 对齐 → 居中**。 + +现在填内容： + +| 行 | 第 1 列 | 第 2 列 | 第 3 列 | 第 4 列 | +|---|---|---|---|---| +| 1 | 论文题目 | 乡村振兴战略下传统农业经济转型发展的路径研究 | （空） | （空） | +| 2 | 姓名 | （空） | 学号 | 21103717 | +| 3 | 院系 | 经济管理学院 | 专业 | 农业经济管理 | +| 4 | 指导老师 | （空） | 职称 | 讲师 | + +**合并第 2 行的第 2-4 列**（姓名那行右边的内容区连起来，空着）：选中 → 布局 → 合并单元格。 + +**给值列加下划线**：选中每个值单元格，**设计 → 边框 → 下框线**（线宽默认就好）。 + +⚠️ **易错点**：标签单元格（"论文题目""姓名"那些）不要加下划线，只有右侧内容列加。 + +字体：宋体 12pt（小四）。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 3 · 落款 + +空几行，输入： + +> 中国·合肥 + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 对齐 | 居中 | +| 段前 | **90 磅** | + +空一行，输入： + +> 2025 年 5 月 + +居中。 + +✅ **验证**：整张封面应该在**一页**里放下，不能溢出到第二页。如果溢出了——把表单上方的空行删掉一两行，或者把校名的段前间距从 100 磅降到 80 磅。 + +按 **Ctrl + End**，按 **Ctrl + Enter**（分页符）。 + +--- + +## 练习三 · 实验实习基本技能安排计划表 + +### 目标 + +打开 `练习三.jpg`。横向页面、斜线表头、4 行 8 列表格、外框黑线、第一行下三线、第三行末下双线、合并单元格、底色填充。 + +### 前置状态 + +练习二封面结束，分页后进入新页。 + +**把这页改成横向**：**布局 → 方向 → 横向**。纸张尺寸自动变成 29.7 × 21 cm，不用手动改。 + +⚠️ **页边距**：横向了就自动换边距了，一般 Word 会把长的两边设成上下 2.54，短的设成左右 2.54。保持默认就行。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 1 · 标题 + +输入：**《实验实习基本技能教育》安排计划表** + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 宋体 | +| 字号 | 16 | +| 加粗 | ✅ | +| 对齐 | 居中 | +| 空一行 | 回车一次 | + +--- + +#### 步骤 2 · 插入 4 行 × 8 列表格 + +**插入 → 表格 → 4×8**。 + +设置整体列宽（除了第一列稍宽，其他均分）： + +| 列 | 宽度 | +|---|---| +| 第 1 列 | 3.0 cm | +| 第 2~8 列 | （剩下的 29.7 cm - 2×2.54 cm 边距 - 3.0 cm = 21.62 cm / 7 列 ≈ 3.09 cm）→ 每列约 3.1 cm | + +右键表格 → 表格属性 → 表格 → 选项 → **取消勾选"自动调整大小以适应内容"**。这样列宽不会被字撑开。 + +行高： +- 第 1 行（表头）：约 1.9 cm +- 第 2~4 行：约 1.25 cm + +右键行 → 表格属性 → 行 → 指定高度。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 3 · 斜线表头 + +左上角单元格（第 1 行第 1 列）要画一条从左上到右下的斜线。 + +1. 光标放在这个单元格里 +2. **设计 → 边框 → 斜线（从左上到右下）** +3. 往这个单元格里输入**两行字**： + - 右上部分：**星 期**（右对齐） + - 左下部分：**时 间**（左对齐） + +怎么排版： +- 先输入「星 期」，按 **Alt + Enter**（单元格内换行），再输入「时 间」 +- 把「星 期」那行**右对齐** +- 把「时 间」那行**左对齐** +- 字号 10.5 + +--- + +#### 步骤 4 · 合并单元格 + +对照效果图： + +| 合并位置 | 合并范围 | +|---|---| +| 上午 | 第 2-3 行 × 第 1 列（跨两行） | +| 周六实习 | 第 2-3 行 × 第 7 列（跨两行） | +| 周日实习 | 第 2-3 行 × 第 8 列（跨两行） | +| 周三-周四实习 | 第 3 行 × 第 4-5 列（跨两列） | + +合并操作：选中 → **布局 → 合并单元格**。 + +合并后输入文字：「实　　　习」（中间用空格拉开），居中对齐，黑体 12pt。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 5 · 底色填充 + +对照效果图给单元格填色： + +| 颜色 | 填在哪里 | +|---|---| +| 米色 RGB(222, 217, 195) | 标记为「实习」的格 | +| 橙色 RGB(255, 192, 0) | 标记为「考核」的格 | + +选中单元格 → **设计 → 底纹 → 其他颜色 → 自定义 → 输入 RGB 值**。 + +⚠️ **易错点**：不要把颜色填到整个行或整个表格上，要精确到每个单元格。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 6 · 边框线 + +表格边框按效果图来： + +| 位置 | 线型 | 线宽 | +|---|---|---| +| 外框（整个表格的上下左右四条边） | 单线 | 2.25 磅（粗黑线） | +| 第一行的底边 | **三线**（三条细线叠在一起） | 默认 | +| 第三行最后一个单元格的底边 | **双线**（两条平行线） | 默认 | +| 其他所有内部线 | 单线 | 0.5 磅 | + +操作顺序（建议全部做完再一次性设置）： + +1. 全选表格 → **设计 → 边框 → 所有框线** → 线型选单线、线宽 0.5 磅（先给所有框统一设一个底线） +2. 仍然全选 → **设计 → 边框 → 外框** → 线型单线、线宽 2.25 磅（覆盖外框） +3. 只选中**整个第一行** → **设计 → 边框 → 下框线** → 线型选 **三线**（在下拉里找 Triple 或三线样式） +4. 只选中**第 3 行最后一个单元格** → **设计 → 边框 → 下框线** → 线型选 **双线** + +⚠️ **易错点**：第三步是"第一行"整个，第四步是"第 3 行最后一个单元格"（因为双线只出现在最右下角的那个考核格下面）。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 7 · 表头文字 + +第一行的表头文字：「星期几」对应的单元格（第 2-8 列）分别填：**周一、周二、周三、周四、周五、周六、周日**；第二列第一行（上午/下午那块）填 **上午** 和 **下午**。 + +全部居中对齐，字号 10.5。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 8 · 练习三结束 + +✅ **验证**：对照 `练习三.jpg`： +- [ ] 页面是横向 +- [ ] 斜线表头从左上到右下 +- [ ] 合并单元格位置对 +- [ ] 实习格米色、考核格橙色 +- [ ] 第一行下面有三线（三条细线叠在一起） +- [ ] 第三行最右下角下面有双线 +- [ ] 外框是粗黑线 + +按 **Ctrl + End**，按 **Ctrl + Enter**（分页符），进入纵向新页。 + +⚠️ **重要**：这次不能用普通分页符！练习三是横向页、练习四要回到纵向，必须用**分节符**： + +1. **布局 → 分隔符 → 下一页**（这是分节符，不是分页符） +2. 新节里页面会自动恢复纵向（因为上一节只是改了那一节的方向） + +--- + +## 练习四 · 自动生成目录 + +### 目标 + +打开 `练习四.jpg`。核心难点：**目录必须是 Word 自动生成的**（引用 → 目录 → 自动目录），不能手打省略号和页码。目录后面插入 `练习四（论文）.docx`。 + +### 前置状态 + +光标在新的一节、纵向 A4 页面的最开头。页面设置恢复默认。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 1 · 目录标题 + +输入「目　　录」（中间两个全角空格）： + +| 属性 | 值 | +|---|---| +| 字体 | 黑体 | +| 字号 | 18 | +| 对齐 | 居中 | + +空一行。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 2 · 插入空目录域 + +光标在"目录"标题下面，**引用 → 目录 → 自动目录 1**。 + +此时 Word 会生成一个空目录框架（还没页码），里面会提示「右键更新域」之类的文字。先不管它。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 3 · 分页 + 插入论文正文 + +目录页结束后，**布局 → 分隔符 → 下一页**（又是分节符，因为论文要从第 1 页重新开始编码）。 + +新节里**插入 `练习四（论文）.docx`**： + +- **插入 → 对象 → 文件中的文字**（不是「文件」！「文件中的文字」会把整个 docx 内容插进来） +- 选择 `作业/练习四（论文）.docx` + +Word 会把论文的所有段落插进来。此时论文标题还**没有样式**，所以 Word 自动目录找不到标题条目。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 4 · 给论文标题套 Heading 样式 + +这是关键一步。打开论文可以看到结构类似： + +``` +引言 +1 客户关系管理概述 + 1.1 CRM 的定义及内涵 + 1.1.1 CRM 的定义 + 1.1.2 CRM 的内涵 + ... +2 用友公司帮助企业实施 CRM 成功案例 + ... +3 实施 CRM 过程中存在常见问题及解决方案 + ... +4 结论与建议 + 4.1 结论 + 4.2 建议 + 4.2.1 ... + 4.2.2 ... + 4.2.3 ... + 4.2.4 ... +参考文献 +``` + +识别规则： + +| 层级 | 模式 | 套样式 | +|---|---|---| +| 一级 | 独立的"引言 / 参考文献 / 结论"或**单个数字 + 空格**（如 `1 客户关系管理概述`） | Heading 1（黑体 16pt 粗） | +| 二级 | `数字.数字 + 空格`（如 `1.1 CRM 的定义及内涵`） | Heading 2（黑体 14pt 粗） | +| 三级 | `数字.数字.数字 + 空格`（如 `1.1.1 CRM 的定义`） | Heading 3（黑体 12pt 粗） | +| 正文 | 其他 | 不用改 | + +**套样式的快捷键**： + +- 选中一级标题 → **Ctrl + Alt + 1** +- 选中二级标题 → **Ctrl + Alt + 2** +- 选中三级标题 → **Ctrl + Alt + 3** + +⚠️ **易错点**：Word 默认会给 Heading 样式加缩进和较大的段前段后距，导致你的标题看起来和原文不一致。如果套完样式后标题格式"不对"，**修改样式而不是硬改单个段落**： + +- **开始 → 样式 → 右键 Heading 1 → 修改** → 把字体改成黑体 16pt 粗、段前 6pt 段后 6pt、左对齐 +- Heading 2 黑体 14pt 粗 +- Heading 3 黑体 12pt 粗 + +这样整篇论文的标题格式就统一了。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 5 · 论文节页码从 1 开始 + +把光标留在论文正文区域（不是目录区域），然后： + +1. **插入 → 页码 → 页面底端 → 居中**（先随便选一个样式，等下再调） +2. Word 会自动进入「页眉和页脚设计」视图 +3. 在左侧导航栏点击**论文那一节**（目录是上一节、论文是当前节） +4. **页码 → 设置页码格式** +5. 勾选「**起始页码**」，填入 **1** +6. 确定 + +⚠️ **易错点**：Word 插入页码时默认把所有节的页码都连在一起。如果你的目录页也出现了页码（目录页不应该有页码），说明目录那一节也被加了页码。在目录节的页脚里把页码删掉，或者在页码格式里把目录节设成「不显示首页页码」。 + +--- + +#### 步骤 6 · 更新目录 + +回到目录页（点左侧导航栏的目录节），**右键目录区域 → 更新域 → 更新整个目录**。 + +Word 现在会： +1. 扫描整篇论文的 Heading 1/2/3 条目 +2. 抓每个标题后面的页码 +3. 生成点线前导符 + 页码 + +✅ **验证**： +- [ ] 目录里的条目和论文标题完全对得上（引言在第 1 页、参考文献在第 22 页左右） +- [ ] 点线是 Word 自动加的，不是你手打省略号 +- [ ] 页码和论文实际页码一致（翻到第 3 节核对一下） +- [ ] 整个目录一页放下（如果放不下，把目录条目的字号从默认 12 改成 11） + +按 **Ctrl + S** 保存。 + +--- + +## 合并与提交 + +### 最终检查 + +按顺序翻一遍整个文档： +- [ ] 练习一：空心字 + 批注、两栏名单、底纹段、着重号、项目符号 ✓ +- [ ] 练习二：封面单页 ✓ +- [ ] 练习三：横向、斜线表头、三线、双线、合并、底色 ✓ +- [ ] 练习四：目录自动生成、页码从 1、论文正文 ✓ + +### 另存为最终版本 + +**文件 → 另存为**，命名： + +> **学号+专业班级+姓名.docx** + +例：`26110101农经1班李某某.docx` + +--- + +## 常见问题速查 + +| 问题 | 原因 | 解决 | +|---|---|---| +| 空心字选项找不到 | Word 版本不同位置不同 | 直接按 **Ctrl + D** 打开字体对话框，在左下角「文字效果」里找 | +| 分栏把后面的内容也变两栏了 | 分栏是节属性不是段落属性 | 名单末尾插「连续分节符」（Ctrl + Shift + Enter） | +| 行距看起来比效果图松 | Word 默认对齐网格强制行距 | 段落设置 → 取消「如果定义了文档网格，则与网格对齐」 | +| 目录里只有标题没有页码 | 你没更新域 | 右键目录 → 更新域 → 更新整个目录 | +| 页码在目录页也出现了 | Word 默认所有节的页码连在一起 | 在目录节的页脚里删除页码，或把目录节设为「无页码」 | +| 论文插入后标题还没有自动进目录 | 你没给标题套 Heading 1/2/3 样式 | 选中每个标题按 Ctrl+Alt+1/2/3 | +| 批注显示的作者名不是 w1 | Word 用当前用户名做默认缩写 | 保存不影响批改，老师看内容不看名字；要改的话：**文件 → 选项 → 常规 → 用户名 / 缩写** | +| 分页符后新页面还是横向 | 你用了普通分页符不是分节符 | 练习三→练习四之间必须用 **布局 → 分隔符 → 下一页** | diff --git a/第二次课/答案.docx b/第二次课/答案.docx new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1076953 Binary files /dev/null and b/第二次课/答案.docx differ