qianlin-words/dist/en-cet6/shard-007.json

{"entries": [{"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2091, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2513, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "preparation", "id": "en-preparation", "inflections": {"plural": "preparations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprepəˈreiʃən", "raw": ".prepә'reiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "preparation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose；(music) a note that produces a dissonant chord is first heard in a consonant chord", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "准备, 预备, 预习；制剂"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 893, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 774, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prepare", "id": "en-prepare", "inflections": {"past": "prepared", "past_participle": "prepared", "present_participle": "preparing", "third_person_singular": "prepares"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈpєə", "raw": "pri'pєә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prepare"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "to prepare verbally, either for written or spoken delivery；educate for a future role or function；lead up to and soften by sounding the dissonant note in it as a consonant note in the preceding chord", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "准备, 筹备, 使在思想上有准备, 制造, 调制；预备"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 26713, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 27652, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "preposition", "id": "en-preposition", "inflections": {"plural": "prepositions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprepəˈziʃən", "raw": ".prepә'ziʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "preposition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a function word that combines with a noun or pronoun or noun phrase to form a prepositional phrase that can have an adverbial or adjectival relation to some other word；(linguistics) the placing of one linguistic element before another (as placing a modifier before the word it modifies in a sentence or placing an affix before the base to which it is attached)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "前置词, 介词"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10265, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11079, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prerequisite", "id": "en-prerequisite", "inflections": {"plural": "prerequisites"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priːˈrekwizit", "raw": "pri:'rekwizit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prerequisite"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "required as a prior condition or course of study", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "先决条件的, 必要的"}, {"en": "something that is required in advance", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "先决条件, 必备条件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4738, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5375, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prescribe", "id": "en-prescribe", "inflections": {"past": "prescribed", "past_participle": "prescribed", "present_participle": "prescribing", "third_person_singular": "prescribes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prisˈkraib", "raw": "pris'kraib", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prescribe"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "规定, 指定, 嘱咐, 开处方"}, {"en": "v issue commands or orders for", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5595, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3311, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prescription", "id": "en-prescription", "inflections": {"plural": "prescriptions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈskripʃən", "raw": "pri'skripʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prescription"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "directions prescribed beforehand; the action of prescribing authoritative rules or directions；written instructions for an optician on the lenses for a given person；written instructions from a physician or dentist to a druggist concerning the form and dosage of a drug to be issued to a given patient", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "处方, 命令, 指定；处方, 药方"}, {"en": "available only with a doctor's written prescription", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1219, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1264, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "presence", "id": "en-presence", "inflections": {"plural": "presences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprezns", "raw": "'prezns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "presence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being present; current existence；the immediate proximity of someone or something；an invisible spiritual being felt to be nearby；the impression that something is present", "pos": "n.", "register": "电", "zh": "出席, 面前, 存在, 仪态, 风度；出现"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2313, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2898, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "presentation", "id": "en-presentation", "inflections": {"plural": "presentations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprezənˈteiʃən", "raw": ".prezәn'teiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "presentation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the activity of formally presenting something (as a prize or reward)；a show or display; the act of presenting something to sight or view；the act of making something publicly available; presenting news or other information by broadcasting or printing it；the act of presenting a proposal", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "赠与, 描述, 介绍；简报"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5610, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7442, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "presently", "id": "en-presently", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprezntli", "raw": "'prezntli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "presently"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "at this time or period; now", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "目前, 不久"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5383, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5229, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "preservation", "id": "en-preservation", "inflections": {"plural": "preservations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprezəˈveiʃən", "raw": ".prezә'veiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "preservation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the activity of protecting something from loss or danger；the condition of being (well or ill) preserved；a process that saves organic substances from decay", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "保存, 保藏, 保护；保藏, 保存, 防腐"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2287, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2209, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "preserve", "id": "en-preserve", "inflections": {"past": "preserved", "past_participle": "preserved", "plural": "preserves", "present_participle": "preserving", "third_person_singular": "preserves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈzəːv", "raw": "pri'zә:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "preserve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "prevent (food) from rotting；keep undisturbed for personal or private use for hunting, shooting, or fishing", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "保护, 保持, 保存, 维持, 腌, 禁猎；加工食品, 禁猎"}, {"en": "a domain that seems to be specially reserved for someone；a reservation where animals are protected", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "加工成的食品, 禁猎地, 保护区, 防护物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 26162, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 23400, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "preset", "id": "en-preset", "inflections": {"past_participle": "preset", "present_participle": "presetting", "third_person_singular": "presets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "preset", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priːˈset", "raw": "pri:'set", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "preset"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "事先调整"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "预调装置；边框形式"}, {"en": "set in advance", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6406, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6781, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "preside", "id": "en-preside", "inflections": {"past": "presided", "past_participle": "presided", "present_participle": "presiding", "third_person_singular": "presides"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈzaid", "raw": "pri'zaid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "preside"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "act as president", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "统辖, 当主人, 主持；主持, 负责, 指挥"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5207, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3432, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "presidency", "id": "en-presidency", "inflections": {"plural": "presidencies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprezidənsi", "raw": "'prezidәnsi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "presidency"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the tenure of a president；the office and function of president", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "总统职权, 总裁职位"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 589, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 303, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "president", "id": "en-president", "inflections": {"plural": "presidents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprezidənt", "raw": "'prezidәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "president"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an executive officer of a firm or corporation；the chief executive of a republic；the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization；the head administrative officer of a college or university", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "总统, 总裁, 董事长, (学院)院长, (大学)校长, 主管人, 主持人；总经理, 董事长, 总裁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 961, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 1178, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "press", "id": "en-press", "inflections": {"past": "pressed", "past_participle": "pressed", "plural": "presses", "present_participle": "pressing", "third_person_singular": "presses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pres", "raw": "pres", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "press"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the print media responsible for gathering and publishing news in the form of newspapers or magazines；a machine used for printing；clamp to prevent wooden rackets from warping when not in use；any machine that exerts pressure to form or shape or cut materials or extract liquids or compress solids", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "压, 揿, 按, 人群, 印刷机, 压力, 出版社, 记者, 报刊, 新闻舆论, 紧迫"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "压, 压榨, 紧抱, 逼迫, 推进, 强迫征募, 催逼；压, 重压, 催促, 拥挤, 奋力前进, 受压"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 687, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 765, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pressure", "id": "en-pressure", "inflections": {"past": "pressured", "past_participle": "pressured", "plural": "pressures", "present_participle": "pressuring", "third_person_singular": "pressures"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpreʃə", "raw": "'preʃә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pressure"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)；a force that compels；the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin；an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "压, 榨, 按, 强制, 压力, 压迫, 压强"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "迫使, 使增压, 密封"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5659, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6691, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prestige", "id": "en-prestige", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "preˈstiːʒ", "raw": "pre'sti:ʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prestige"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a high standing achieved through success or influence or wealth etc.", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "声望, 威望, 威信；商誉, 声誉"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2522, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4288, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "presumably", "id": "en-presumably", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈzuːməbli", "raw": "pri'zu:mәbli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "presumably"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "by reasonable assumption", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "推测上, 大概"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4921, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5740, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "presume", "id": "en-presume", "inflections": {"past": "presumed", "past_participle": "presumed", "present_participle": "presuming", "third_person_singular": "presumes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈzuːm", "raw": "pri'zu:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "presume"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "constitute reasonable evidence for；take liberties or act with too much confidence", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "假定, 推测, 擅自, 意味着；擅自行动, 相信"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2885, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2905, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pretend", "id": "en-pretend", "inflections": {"past": "pretended", "past_participle": "pretended", "present_participle": "pretending", "third_person_singular": "pretends"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈtend", "raw": "pri'tend", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pretend"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "put forward a claim and assert right or possession of", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "假装, 伪称, 自命, 自称"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13929, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13441, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pretext", "id": "en-pretext", "inflections": {"plural": "pretexts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpriːtekst", "raw": "'pri:tekst", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pretext"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something serving to conceal plans; a fictitious reason that is concocted in order to conceal the real reason", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "借口, 托词"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "以...为借口"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1782, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 797, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pretty", "id": "en-pretty", "inflections": {"comparative": "prettier", "superlative": "prettiest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpriti", "raw": "'priti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pretty"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "pleasing by delicacy or grace; not imposing；(used ironically) unexpectedly bad", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "漂亮的, 优美的, 机灵的, 狡猾的, 恰当的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "相当, 颇"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5010, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4741, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prevail", "id": "en-prevail", "inflections": {"past": "prevailed", "past_participle": "prevailed", "present_participle": "prevailing", "third_person_singular": "prevails"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈveil", "raw": "pri'veil", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prevail"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be valid, applicable, or true；continue to exist；prove superior；use persuasion successfully", "pos": "vi.", "register": "med", "zh": "获胜, 流行, 盛行；流行, 盛行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6137, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 6777, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prevailing", "id": "en-prevailing", "inflections": {"present_participle": "prevailing"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "prevail", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈveiliŋ", "raw": "pri'veiliŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prevailing"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "most frequent or common", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "盛行很广的, 优势的, 主要的, 普遍的；占优势的, 盛行的, 通行的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5906, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 7455, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prevalence", "id": "en-prevalence", "inflections": {"plural": "prevalences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprevələns", "raw": "'prevәlәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prevalence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quality of prevailing generally; being widespread；(epidemiology) the ratio (for a given time period) of the number of occurrences of a disease or event to the number of units at risk in the population", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "普遍, 流行, 广泛；流行, 盛行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8828, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6987, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prevalent", "id": "en-prevalent", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprevələnt", "raw": "'prevәlәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prevalent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "普遍的, 流行的"}, {"en": "s most frequent or common", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 937, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1083, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prevent", "id": "en-prevent", "inflections": {"past": "prevented", "past_participle": "prevented", "present_participle": "preventing", "third_person_singular": "prevents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈvent", "raw": "pri'vent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prevent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "keep from happening or arising; make impossible；stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "预防, 防止, 阻止, 妨碍"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4423, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3960, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prevention", "id": "en-prevention", "inflections": {"plural": "preventions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priˈvenʃən", "raw": "pri'venʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prevention"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of preventing", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "阻止, 妨碍, 预防；预防"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 824, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1276, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "previous", "id": "en-previous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpriːviəs", "raw": "'pri:viәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "previous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "just preceding something else in time or order；too soon or too hasty", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "早先的, 前面的, 过急的；以前的, 生前的, 前述的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1380, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2313, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "previously", "id": "en-previously", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpriːvjuːsli", "raw": "'pri:vju:sli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "previously"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "at an earlier time or formerly", "pos": "ad.", "register": "comp", "zh": "先, 先前, 以前, 前, (非正式)过早, 过急, 在前, 在...以前, 在先；先前地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4181, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5502, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prey", "id": "en-prey", "inflections": {"past": "preyed", "past_participle": "preyed", "plural": "preys", "present_participle": "preying", "third_person_singular": "preys"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prei", "raw": "prei", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prey"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence；animal hunted or caught for food", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "被掠食者, 牺牲者"}, {"en": "profit from in an exploitatory manner", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "捕食"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11860, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13277, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prick", "id": "en-prick", "inflections": {"past": "pricked", "past_participle": "pricked", "plural": "pricks", "present_participle": "pricking", "third_person_singular": "pricks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prik", "raw": "prik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prick"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause a stinging pain；to cause a sharp emotional pain", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "刺, 戳, 刺痛, 使竖起；刺, 竖起"}, {"en": "the act of puncturing with a small point", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "扎, 一刺, 刺痛"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "竖起的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2878, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2801, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pride", "id": "en-pride", "inflections": {"past": "prided", "past_participle": "prided", "plural": "prides", "present_participle": "priding", "third_person_singular": "prides"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "praid", "raw": "praid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pride"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a feeling of self-respect and personal worth；satisfaction with your (or another's) achievements；the trait of being spurred on by a dislike of falling below your standards；a group of lions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "骄傲, 自尊心, 自豪, 精华, 勇气"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "以...自豪"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2532, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2293, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "priest", "id": "en-priest", "inflections": {"plural": "priests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "priːst", "raw": "pri:st", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "priest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a clergyman in Christian churches who has the authority to perform or administer various religious rites; one of the Holy Orders；a person who performs religious duties and ceremonies in a non-Christian religion", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "祭司, 牧师, 神父, 神质人员, 僧侣, 泰斗"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2673, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2134, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "primarily", "id": "en-primarily", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpraimərili", "raw": "'praimәrili", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "primarily"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of primary import", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "主要地, 首先地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1172, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1504, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "primary", "id": "en-primary", "inflections": {"plural": "primaries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpraiməri", "raw": "'praimәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "primary"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a preliminary election where delegates or nominees are chosen；one of the main flight feathers projecting along the outer edge of a bird's wing；(astronomy) a celestial body (especially a star) relative to other objects in orbit around it", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "最主要者, 原色"}, {"en": "of first rank or importance or value; direct and immediate rather than secondary", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "主要的, 初期的, 根本的, 原始的, 首要的, 基本的；初等量; 主要的; 一次的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10750, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11355, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "primate", "id": "en-primate", "inflections": {"plural": "primates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpraimit", "raw": "'praimit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "primate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any placental mammal of the order Primates; has good eyesight and flexible hands and feet", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "大主教, 灵长目动物；灵长类"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 838, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1667, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prime", "id": "en-prime", "inflections": {"past": "primed", "past_participle": "primed", "plural": "primes", "present_participle": "priming", "third_person_singular": "primes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "praim", "raw": "praim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prime"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a number that has no factor but itself and 1；the second canonical hour; about 6 a.m.；the time of maturity when power and vigor are greatest", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "最佳部分, 初期, 全盛期"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "主要的, 最初的, 根本的"}, {"en": "insert a primer into (a gun, mine, or charge) preparatory to detonation or firing", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "加油启动, 灌注, 填装"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4019, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5798, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "primitive", "id": "en-primitive", "inflections": {"plural": "primitives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprimitiv", "raw": "'primitiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "primitive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who belongs to an early stage of civilization；a mathematical expression from which another expression is derived；a word serving as the basis for inflected or derived forms", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "原始人, 早期艺术家"}, {"en": "used of preliterate or tribal or nonindustrial societies", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "原始的, 上古的；图元; 原语; 基元"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1466, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 4782, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prince", "id": "en-prince", "inflections": {"plural": "princes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prins", "raw": "prins", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prince"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "王子, 亲王, 国君, 贵族, 诸侯, 有权势的大人物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2691, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 6039, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "princess", "id": "en-princess", "inflections": {"plural": "princesses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprinsis", "raw": "'prinsis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "princess"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a female member of a royal family other than the queen (especially the daughter of a sovereign)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "公主, 王妃, 女巨头"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2225, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3124, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "principal", "id": "en-principal", "inflections": {"plural": "principals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprinsipəl", "raw": "'prinsipәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "principal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated；the educator who has executive authority for a school；capital as contrasted with the income derived from it；(criminal law) any person involved in a criminal offense, regardless of whether the person profits from such involvement", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "校长, 首长, 本金, 主犯, 资本, 委托人"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "主要的, 最重要的, 首要的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5677, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10478, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "principally", "id": "en-principally", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprinsəpəli", "raw": "'prinsәpәli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "principally"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "主要地, 大部分"}, {"en": "r for the most part", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 722, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1341, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "principle", "id": "en-principle", "inflections": {"plural": "principles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprinsipl", "raw": "'prinsipl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "principle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct；a rule or standard especially of good behavior；a basic truth or law or assumption；a rule or law concerning a natural phenomenon or the function of a complex system", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "原则, 原理, 主义；原理"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3066, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5875, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "printer", "id": "en-printer", "inflections": {"plural": "printers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprintə", "raw": "'printә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "printer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone whose occupation is printing；(computer science) an output device that prints the results of data processing；a machine that prints", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "印刷工, 打印机；打印机"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5045, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2856, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prior", "id": "en-prior", "inflections": {"plural": "priors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpraiə", "raw": "'praiә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prior"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "更重要的, 较早的, 在先的"}, {"en": "the head of a religious order; in an abbey the prior is next below the abbot", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小隐修院院长, 大隐修院副院长"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1729, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2112, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "priority", "id": "en-priority", "inflections": {"plural": "priorities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "praiˈɒriti", "raw": "prai'ɒriti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "priority"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "preceding in time", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "优先权, 优先；优先级"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 21115, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 13056, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prism", "id": "en-prism", "inflections": {"plural": "prisms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprizm", "raw": "'prizm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prism"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a polyhedron with two congruent and parallel faces (the bases) and whose lateral faces are parallelograms；optical device having a triangular shape and made of glass or quartz; used to deviate a beam or invert an image", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "棱镜, 棱柱；棱镜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1307, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1282, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prison", "id": "en-prison", "inflections": {"plural": "prisons"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprizn", "raw": "'prizn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prison"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a correctional institution where persons are confined while on trial or for punishment；a prisonlike situation; a place of seeming confinement", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "监狱, 监禁, 拘留所"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "监禁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1932, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2419, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prisoner", "id": "en-prisoner", "inflections": {"plural": "prisoners"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpriznə", "raw": "'priznә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prisoner"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who is confined; especially a prisoner of war", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "囚犯, 犯人, 战俘；犯人, 囚犯, 扣押犯"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5243, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3060, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "privacy", "id": "en-privacy", "inflections": {"plural": "privacies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpraivəsi", "raw": "'praivәsi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "privacy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quality of being secluded from the presence or view of others；the condition of being concealed or hidden", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "隐私, 隐居, 秘密；个人保密权"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 581, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 672, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "private", "id": "en-private", "inflections": {"plural": "privates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpraivit", "raw": "'praivit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "private"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "confined to particular persons or groups or providing privacy；concerning things deeply private and personal", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "私人的, 秘密的, 私立的, 隐蔽的"}, {"en": "an enlisted man of the lowest rank in the Army or Marines", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "士兵, 隐士, 阴部；私人的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3017, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3612, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "privilege", "id": "en-privilege", "inflections": {"past": "privileged", "past_participle": "privileged", "plural": "privileges", "present_participle": "privileging", "third_person_singular": "privileges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprivilidʒ", "raw": "'privilidʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "privilege"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a special advantage or immunity or benefit not enjoyed by all；(law) the right to refuse to divulge information obtained in a confidential relationship", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "特权, 特别恩典, 基本权利, 特免"}, {"en": "bestow a privilege upon", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "给与...特权, 特免"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2125, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3686, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prize", "id": "en-prize", "inflections": {"past": "prized", "past_participle": "prized", "plural": "prizes", "present_participle": "prizing", "third_person_singular": "prizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "praiz", "raw": "praiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "奖赏, 奖金, 奖品, 战利品, 捕获"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "得奖的"}, {"en": "hold dear", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "珍视, 估价, 捕获, 撬, 撬动"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3717, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5104, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "probability", "id": "en-probability", "inflections": {"plural": "probabilities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprɒbəˈbiliti", "raw": ".prɒbә'biliti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "probability"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a measure of how likely it is that some event will occur; a number expressing the ratio of favorable cases to the whole number of cases possible；the quality of being probable; a probable event or the most probable event", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "可能性, 或然率, 几率, 概率；概率; 几率"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5016, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6767, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "probable", "id": "en-probable", "inflections": {"plural": "probables"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒbəbl", "raw": "'prɒbәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "probable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "likely but not certain to be or become true or real；apparently destined", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "很可能的, 大概的, 可信的"}, {"en": "an applicant likely to be chosen", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "很有希望的候选人, 很可能的事情"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 333, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 398, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "probably", "id": "en-probably", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒbəbli", "raw": "'prɒbәbli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "probably"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "with considerable certainty; without much doubt", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "大概, 或许"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4897, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5178, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "probe", "id": "en-probe", "inflections": {"past": "probed", "past_participle": "probed", "plural": "probes", "present_participle": "probing", "third_person_singular": "probes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəub", "raw": "prәub", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "probe"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities；a flexible slender surgical instrument with a blunt end that is used to explore wounds or body cavities；an exploratory action or expedition；an investigation conducted using a flexible surgical instrument to explore an injury or a body cavity", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "探索, 调查, 探针, 探测器"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "用探针探测, 调查, 探索"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 897, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1369, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "procedure", "id": "en-procedure", "inflections": {"plural": "procedures"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈsiːdʒə", "raw": "prә'si:dʒә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "procedure"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a particular course of action intended to achieve a result；a mode of conducting legal and parliamentary proceedings", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "程序, 过程, 手续；规程; 过程"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2089, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2697, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "proceed", "id": "en-proceed", "inflections": {"past": "proceeded", "past_participle": "proceeded", "plural": "proceeds", "present_participle": "proceeding", "third_person_singular": "proceeds"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈsiːd", "raw": "prәu'si:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proceed"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "move ahead; travel onward in time or space；follow a certain course", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "继续进行, 进行, 开始, 发出, 起诉；所得, 收入, 收益"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2107, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proceeding", "id": "en-proceeding", "inflections": {"plural": "proceedings", "present_participle": "proceeding"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "proceed", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈsiːdiŋ", "raw": "prәu'si:diŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proceeding"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "进行, 程序, 行动, 诉讼程序, 事项；会议论文集"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 343, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 391, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "process", "id": "en-process", "inflections": {"past": "processed", "past_participle": "processed", "plural": "processes", "present_participle": "processing", "third_person_singular": "processes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒses", "raw": "'prɒses", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "process"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(psychology) the performance of some composite cognitive activity; an operation that affects mental contents；a mental process that you are not directly aware of；a natural prolongation or projection from a part of an organism either animal or plant；a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "程序, 进行, 过程"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "加工, 使...接受处理, 对...处置, 对...起诉"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "经加工的, 有特殊光效的；进程"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6035, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7639, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "procession", "id": "en-procession", "inflections": {"plural": "processions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈseʃən", "raw": "prә'seʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "procession"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the group action of a collection of people or animals or vehicles moving ahead in more or less regular formation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "队伍, 连续, 列队行进, 涌出"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4729, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4454, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proclaim", "id": "en-proclaim", "inflections": {"past": "proclaimed", "past_participle": "proclaimed", "present_participle": "proclaiming", "third_person_singular": "proclaims"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈkleim", "raw": "prә'kleim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proclaim"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "declare formally; declare someone to be something; of titles；state or announce", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "宣布, 公告, 宣言, 表明, 赞扬；宣布, 宣告, 公布"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 296, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 542, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "produce", "id": "en-produce", "inflections": {"past": "produced", "past_participle": "produced", "present_participle": "producing", "third_person_singular": "produces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈdjuːs", "raw": "prә'dju:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "produce"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "fresh fruits and vegetable grown for the market", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "生产品, 物产, 后代"}, {"en": "bring forth or yield；create or manufacture a man-made product；cause to happen, occur or exist", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "产生, 生产, 提出, 出示；生产, 制造"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2335, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 1845, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "producer", "id": "en-producer", "inflections": {"plural": "producers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈdjuːsə", "raw": "prә'dju:sә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "producer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who finds financing for and supervises the making and presentation of a show (play or film or program or similar work)；something that produces", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "生产者, 制作者, 制作人；发生器; (炉煤气)发生炉; 制气炉; 生产者"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 451, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 569, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "product", "id": "en-product", "inflections": {"plural": "products"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒdʌkt", "raw": "'prɒdʌkt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "product"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an artifact that has been created by someone or some process；a quantity obtained by multiplication；a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction；a consequence of someone's efforts or of a particular set of circumstances", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "产品, 结果, 乘积；生产物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 610, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 959, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "production", "id": "en-production", "inflections": {"plural": "productions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈdʌkʃən", "raw": "prә'dʌkʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "production"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act or process of producing something；a presentation for the stage or screen or radio or television；(law) the act of exhibiting in a court of law；a display that is exaggerated or unduly complicated", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "制造, 生产, 产物；产生, 生成"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4557, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3966, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "productive", "id": "en-productive", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈdʌktiv", "raw": "prә'dʌktiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "productive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "producing or capable of producing (especially abundantly)；yielding positive results", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "能生产的, 有生产价值的, 多产的；产出性的, 产生性的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3605, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4158, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "productivity", "id": "en-productivity", "inflections": {"plural": "productivities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprəudʌkˈtiviti", "raw": ".prәudʌk'tiviti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "productivity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(economics) the ratio of the quantity and quality of units produced to the labor per unit of time", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "生产力；生产率, 生产能力"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2211, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2886, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "profession", "id": "en-profession", "inflections": {"plural": "professions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈfeʃən", "raw": "prә'feʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "profession"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the body of people in a learned occupation；an occupation requiring special education (especially in the liberal arts or sciences)；an open avowal (true or false) of some belief or opinion；affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "职业, 表白, 声明；工种; 职业"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 947, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1094, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "professional", "id": "en-professional", "inflections": {"plural": "professionals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈfeʃənl", "raw": "prә'feʃәnl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "professional"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person engaged in one of the learned professions；an athlete who plays for pay", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "专业人才"}, {"en": "engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or means of livelihood；of or relating to or suitable as a profession", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "专业的, 职业的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1711, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 825, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "professor", "id": "en-professor", "inflections": {"plural": "professors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈfesə", "raw": "prә'fesә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "professor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who is a member of the faculty at a college or university", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "教授"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15072, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 10195, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proficiency", "id": "en-proficiency", "inflections": {"plural": "proficiencies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈfiʃəns", "raw": "prә'fiʃәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proficiency"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quality of having great facility and competence；skillfulness in the command of fundamentals deriving from practice and familiarity", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "精通, 熟练, 精练"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18607, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 12137, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proficient", "id": "en-proficient", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈfiʃənt", "raw": "prә'fiʃәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proficient"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "高手, 专家"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "精通的, 熟练的"}, {"en": "s having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude；a of or relating to technique or proficiency in a practical skill", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2812, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2676, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "profile", "id": "en-profile", "inflections": {"past": "profiled", "past_participle": "profiled", "plural": "profiles", "present_participle": "profiling", "third_person_singular": "profiles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəufail", "raw": "'prәufail", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "profile"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an analysis (often in graphical form) representing the extent to which something exhibits various characteristics；an outline of something (especially a human face as seen from one side)；biographical sketch；a vertical section of the Earth's crust showing the different horizons or layers", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "侧面, 轮廓, 传略"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "描绘...轮廓, 写...的传略；提问档; 剖面图法; 剖面法"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 884, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1704, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "profit", "id": "en-profit", "inflections": {"past": "profited", "past_participle": "profited", "plural": "profits", "present_participle": "profiting", "third_person_singular": "profits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒfit", "raw": "'prɒfit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "profit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the advantageous quality of being beneficial", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "利润, 赢利, 利益"}, {"en": "derive a benefit from；make a profit; gain money or materially", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "有益, 获利, 赚钱；有益于"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4487, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5352, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "profitable", "id": "en-profitable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒfitəbl", "raw": "'prɒfitәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "profitable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "yielding material gain or profit", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "有利润的, 有利益的, 赚钱的；有利(可图)的, 合算的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4372, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3735, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "profound", "id": "en-profound", "inflections": {"comparative": "profounder", "superlative": "profoundest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈfaund", "raw": "prә'faund", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "profound"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "showing intellectual penetration or emotional depth；of the greatest intensity; complete；coming from deep within one；situated at or extending to great depth; too deep to have been sounded or plumbed", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "极深的, 深厚的, 深刻的, 渊博的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1660, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 194, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "program", "id": "en-program", "inflections": {"past": "programmed", "past_participle": "programmed", "plural": "programs", "present_participle": "programming", "third_person_singular": "programs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəugræm", "raw": "'prәugræm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "program"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a system of projects or services intended to meet a public need；an announcement of the events that will occur as part of a theatrical or sporting event；(computer science) a sequence of instructions that a computer can interpret and execute；a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "节目, 节目单, 程序, 纲要, 大纲, 计划"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "规划, 拟...计划；安排节目, 编程序；程序"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1265, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1508, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "progress", "id": "en-progress", "inflections": {"past": "progressed", "past_participle": "progressed", "present_participle": "progressing", "third_person_singular": "progresses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəugres", "raw": "'prәugres", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "progress"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of moving forward (as toward a goal)；a movement forward", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "进步, 发展, 前进"}, {"en": "develop in a positive way", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "进步, 进行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4009, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4228, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "progressive", "id": "en-progressive", "inflections": {"plural": "progressives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈgresiv", "raw": "prә'gresiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "progressive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a tense of verbs used in describing action that is on-going", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "改革论者, 进步论者"}, {"en": "favoring or promoting progress；favoring or promoting reform (often by government action)；(of taxes) adjusted so that the rate increases as the amount of income increases", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "前进的, 累进的, 进步的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5809, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3990, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prohibit", "id": "en-prohibit", "inflections": {"past": "prohibited", "past_participle": "prohibited", "present_participle": "prohibiting", "third_person_singular": "prohibits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈhibit", "raw": "prә'hibit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prohibit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "禁止, 阻止；禁止"}, {"en": "v command against", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6635, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6807, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prohibition", "id": "en-prohibition", "inflections": {"plural": "prohibitions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprəuhiˈbiʃən", "raw": ".prәuhi'biʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prohibition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a law forbidding the sale of alcoholic beverages；a decree that prohibits something；the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment；refusal to approve or assent to", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "禁令, 禁止"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 509, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 534, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "project", "id": "en-project", "inflections": {"past": "projected", "past_participle": "projected", "plural": "projects", "present_participle": "projecting", "third_person_singular": "projects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒdʒekt", "raw": "'prɒdʒekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "project"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a planned undertaking", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "计划, 设计, 事业"}, {"en": "communicate vividly；transfer (ideas or principles) from one domain into another；project on a screen", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "计划, 设计, 投掷, 发射, 使凸出, 放映；凸出"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18559, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 16613, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "projecting", "id": "en-projecting", "inflections": {"present_participle": "projecting"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "project", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈdʒektiŋ", "raw": "prә'dʒektiŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "projecting"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "突出的, 伸出的"}, {"en": "v communicate vividly；v extend out or project in space；v transfer (ideas or principles) from one domain into another；v project on a screen；v cause to be heard；v draw a projection of；v make or work out a plan for; devise；v present for consideration, examination, criticism, etc.；v imagine; conceive of; see in one's mind；v put or send forth；v throw, send, or cast forward；v regard as objective；s extending out above or beyond a surface or boundary", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15105, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10289, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "projector", "id": "en-projector", "inflections": {"plural": "projectors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈdʒektə", "raw": "prә'dʒektә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "projector"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an optical device for projecting a beam of light；an optical instrument that projects an enlarged image onto a screen", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "计划人, 发起人, 规划人, 放映机, 映画器, 幻灯机, 幻灯, 探照灯, 发射器；投影仪"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8448, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9450, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prolong", "id": "en-prolong", "inflections": {"past": "prolonged", "past_participle": "prolonged", "present_participle": "prolonging", "third_person_singular": "prolongs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈlɒŋ", "raw": "prәu'lɒŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prolong"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "lengthen in time; cause to be or last longer；lengthen or extend in duration or space", "pos": "vt.", "register": "chem", "zh": "延长, 拖延, 拖长；冷凝管"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7813, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8419, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prominence", "id": "en-prominence", "inflections": {"plural": "prominences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒminəns", "raw": "'prɒminәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prominence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being prominent: widely known or eminent；relative importance", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "突起, 突出, 显著, 突出物, 凸出；隆凸, 凸"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3221, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2897, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prominent", "id": "en-prominent", "inflections": {"plural": "prominents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒminənt", "raw": "'prɒminәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prominent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "卓越的, 显著的, 突出的, 凸出的"}, {"en": "s having a quality that thrusts itself into attention；s conspicuous in position or importance", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1478, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1438, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "promise", "id": "en-promise", "inflections": {"past": "promised", "past_participle": "promised", "plural": "promises", "present_participle": "promising", "third_person_singular": "promises"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒmis", "raw": "'prɒmis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "promise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a verbal commitment by one person to another agreeing to do (or not to do) something in the future；grounds for feeling hopeful about the future", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "诺言, 约定的事情, 有指望"}, {"en": "make a promise or commitment；promise to undertake or give", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "允诺, 约定, 预示；允诺, 有前途, 有指望"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4669, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3844, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "promising", "id": "en-promising", "inflections": {"present_participle": "promising"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "promise", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒmisiŋ", "raw": "'prɒmisiŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "promising"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "showing possibility of achievement or excellence", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "有希望的, 前途有望的；有希望的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1433, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1328, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "promote", "id": "en-promote", "inflections": {"past": "promoted", "past_participle": "promoted", "present_participle": "promoting", "third_person_singular": "promotes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈməut", "raw": "prәu'mәut", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "promote"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "contribute to the progress or growth of；give a promotion to or assign to a higher position；be changed for a superior chess or checker piece；change a pawn for a better piece by advancing it to the eighth row, or change a checker piece for a more valuable piece by moving it to the row closest to your opponent", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "促进, 晋升, 创办, 推销；促进, 推广, 推销"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2334, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3786, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "promotion", "id": "en-promotion", "inflections": {"plural": "promotions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈməuʃən", "raw": "prәu'mәuʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "promotion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution；act of raising in rank or position；encouragement of the progress or growth or acceptance of something", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "晋级, 创建, 增进；推广, 推销, 促进"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3217, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3114, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prompt", "id": "en-prompt", "inflections": {"comparative": "prompter", "past": "prompted", "past_participle": "prompted", "plural": "prompts", "present_participle": "prompting", "third_person_singular": "prompts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prɒmpt", "raw": "prɒmpt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prompt"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a cue given to a performer (usually the beginning of the next line to be spoken)；(computer science) a symbol that appears on the computer screen to indicate that the computer is ready to receive a command", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "激励, 提示, 提醒物, 提词, 付款期限"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "迅速的, 敏捷的, 立刻的, 提词员的"}, {"en": "serve as the inciting cause of；assist (somebody acting or reciting) by suggesting the next words of something forgotten or imperfectly learned", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "激励, 鼓动, 提示"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": "comp", "zh": "准时地；提示符; DOS内部命令:设定DOS命令行的提示符"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5541, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6666, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "promptly", "id": "en-promptly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒmptli", "raw": "'prɒmptli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "promptly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "with little or no delay；in a punctual manner；at once (usually modifies an undesirable occurrence)", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "敏捷地, 迅速地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6346, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6224, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prone", "id": "en-prone", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəun", "raw": "prәun", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prone"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having a tendency (to); often used in combination；lying face downward", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "俯伏的, 面向下的, 有...倾向的；旋前的, 伏的, 俯的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9344, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 16856, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pronoun", "id": "en-pronoun", "inflections": {"plural": "pronouns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəunaun", "raw": "'prәunaun", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pronoun"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a function word that is used in place of a noun or noun phrase", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "代词"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4948, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5332, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pronounce", "id": "en-pronounce", "inflections": {"past": "pronounced", "past_participle": "pronounced", "present_participle": "pronouncing", "third_person_singular": "pronounces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈnauns", "raw": "prә'nauns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pronounce"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "speak, pronounce, or utter in a certain way；pronounce judgment on", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "发音, 宣告, 断言"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8187, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 15375, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pronunciation", "id": "en-pronunciation", "inflections": {"plural": "pronunciations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˌnʌnsiˈeiʃən", "raw": "prәu.nʌnsi'eiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pronunciation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the manner in which someone utters a word；the way a word or a language is customarily spoken", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "发音, 读法"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2743, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2865, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "proof", "id": "en-proof", "inflections": {"past": "proofed", "past_participle": "proofed", "plural": "proofs", "present_participle": "proofing", "third_person_singular": "proofs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pruːf", "raw": "pru:f", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proof"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something；a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it；a measure of alcoholic strength expressed as an integer twice the percentage of alcohol present (by volume)；(printing) an impression made to check for errors", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "证据, 证明, 试验, 检验, 考验"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "不能透入的, 证明用的, 防...的, 耐...的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "检验, 试验, 校对, 使不被穿透；审稿"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5071, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5838, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "propaganda", "id": "en-propaganda", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprɒpəˈgændə", "raw": ".prɒpә'gændә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propaganda"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "information that is spread for the purpose of promoting some cause", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "宣传, 宣传活动；宣传"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10193, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11865, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "propagate", "id": "en-propagate", "inflections": {"past": "propagated", "past_participle": "propagated", "present_participle": "propagating", "third_person_singular": "propagates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒpəgeit", "raw": "'prɒpәgeit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propagate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "transmit from one generation to the next；travel through the air；transmit；transmit or cause to broaden or spread", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "繁殖, 传播, 传送；繁殖, 蔓延"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12741, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 15569, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "propagation", "id": "en-propagation", "inflections": {"plural": "propagations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprɒpəˈgeiʃən", "raw": ".prɒpә'geiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propagation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the spreading of something (a belief or practice) into new regions；the movement of a wave through a medium", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "增殖, 繁殖, 宣传；传播, 繁殖, 持续培养"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9762, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6618, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "propel", "id": "en-propel", "inflections": {"past": "propelled", "past_participle": "propelled", "plural": "propels", "present_participle": "propelling", "third_person_singular": "propels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈpel", "raw": "prәu'pel", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to move forward with force", "pos": "vt.", "register": "机", "zh": "推进, 驱使；推进"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15591, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12524, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "propeller", "id": "en-propeller", "inflections": {"plural": "propellers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈpelə", "raw": "prә'pelә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propeller"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a mechanical device that rotates to push against air or water", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "螺旋桨, 推进器；搅拌叶片; 螺旋桨"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1458, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2058, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "proper", "id": "en-proper", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒpə", "raw": "'prɒpә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proper"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness；having all the qualities typical of the thing specified; not just a snack\"；limited to the thing specified；appropriate for a condition or purpose or occasion or a person's character, needs", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "适当的, 固有的, 高尚的, 专属的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "完全地, 彻底地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1634, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 2880, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "properly", "id": "en-properly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒpəli", "raw": "'prɒpәli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "properly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in the right manner", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "适当地, 相当地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 597, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 993, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "property", "id": "en-property", "inflections": {"plural": "properties"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒpəti", "raw": "'prɒpәti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "property"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something owned; any tangible or intangible possession that is owned by someone;；a basic or essential attribute shared by all members of a class；a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished；any movable articles or objects used on the set of a play or movie", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "财产, 所有权, 性质, 属性；属性"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9814, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9417, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prophecy", "id": "en-prophecy", "inflections": {"plural": "prophecies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒfəsi", "raw": "'prɒfәsi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prophecy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "knowledge of the future (usually said to be obtained from a divine source)；a prediction uttered under divine inspiration", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "预言, 预言能力"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7159, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7514, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prophet", "id": "en-prophet", "inflections": {"plural": "prophets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒfit", "raw": "'prɒfit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prophet"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an authoritative person who divines the future；someone who speaks by divine inspiration; someone who is an interpreter of the will of God", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "预言者, 先知, 提倡者"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1247, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3063, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "proportion", "id": "en-proportion", "inflections": {"past": "proportioned", "past_participle": "proportioned", "plural": "proportions", "present_participle": "proportioning", "third_person_singular": "proportions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈpɒːʃən", "raw": "prә'pɒ:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proportion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quotient obtained when the magnitude of a part is divided by the magnitude of the whole；magnitude or extent；the relation between things (or parts of things) with respect to their comparative quantity, magnitude, or degree；harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "比例, 比率, 均衡, 部分, 面积"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使成比例, 使均衡"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6244, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10513, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proportional", "id": "en-proportional", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈpɒːʃənl", "raw": "prә'pɒ:ʃәnl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proportional"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "properly related in size or degree or other measurable characteristics; usually followed by `to'；having a constant ratio", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "比例的, 相称的"}, {"en": "one of the quantities in a mathematical proportion", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "比例项"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 899, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1625, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "proposal", "id": "en-proposal", "inflections": {"plural": "proposals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈpəuzl", "raw": "prә'pәuzl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proposal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something proposed (such as a plan or assumption)；the act of making a proposal", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "提议, 计划, 求婚；提案, 申请, 投标"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1309, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1694, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "propose", "id": "en-propose", "inflections": {"past": "proposed", "past_participle": "proposed", "present_participle": "proposing", "third_person_singular": "proposes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈpəuz", "raw": "prә'pәuz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propose"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make a proposal, declare a plan for something；ask (someone) to marry you", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "计划, 打算, 建议, 提议, 求(婚)；打算, 求婚"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3544, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5428, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proposition", "id": "en-proposition", "inflections": {"past": "propositioned", "past_participle": "propositioned", "plural": "propositions", "present_participle": "propositioning", "third_person_singular": "propositions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌprɒpəˈziʃən", "raw": ".prɒpә'ziʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proposition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false；an offer for a private bargain (especially a request for sexual favors)；a task to be dealt with", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "建议, 命题, 主张"}, {"en": "suggest sex to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "向...提议, 向...提出猥亵的要求"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 21313, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10762, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "propulsion", "id": "en-propulsion", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈpʌlʃən", "raw": "prә'pʌlʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "propulsion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a propelling force；the act of propelling", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "推进, 推进力；前冲, 慌张步态"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6124, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7468, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prose", "id": "en-prose", "inflections": {"plural": "proses", "present_participle": "prosing"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuz", "raw": "prәuz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prose"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "ordinary writing as distinguished from verse；matter of fact, commonplace, or dull expression", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "散文"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "写散文"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "散文的, 平凡的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1724, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2323, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prospect", "id": "en-prospect", "inflections": {"past": "prospected", "past_participle": "prospected", "plural": "prospects", "present_participle": "prospecting", "third_person_singular": "prospects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒspekt", "raw": "'prɒspekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prospect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the possibility of future success", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "景色, 展望"}, {"en": "search for something desirable；explore for useful or valuable things or substances, such as minerals", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "勘探, 勘察；勘探, 有前途"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4764, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5420, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prospective", "id": "en-prospective", "inflections": {"plural": "prospectives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəsˈpektiv", "raw": "prәs'pektiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prospective"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or concerned with or related to the future", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "预期的, 将来的；预期的, 未来的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5349, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5082, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prosperity", "id": "en-prosperity", "inflections": {"plural": "prosperities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prɒsˈperiti", "raw": "prɒs'periti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prosperity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an economic state of growth with rising profits and full employment；the condition of prospering; having good fortune", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "繁荣, 茂盛, 成功；繁荣"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6904, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7343, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prosperous", "id": "en-prosperous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒspərəs", "raw": "'prɒspәrәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prosperous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "成功的, 繁盛的, 幸运的；繁荣的, 昌盛的"}, {"en": "s in fortunate circumstances financially; moderately rich；s very lively and profitable；s marked by peace and prosperity；s presaging or likely to bring good luck", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1151, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 749, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "protect", "id": "en-protect", "inflections": {"past": "protected", "past_participle": "protected", "present_participle": "protecting", "third_person_singular": "protects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈtekt", "raw": "prә'tekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "protect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage；use tariffs to favor domestic industry", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "防卫, 保护, 警戒；庇护, 保护, 警戒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1220, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1315, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "protection", "id": "en-protection", "inflections": {"plural": "protections"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈtekʃən", "raw": "prә'tekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "protection"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the activity of protecting someone or something；the condition of being protected；the imposition of duties or quotas on imports in order to protect domestic industry against foreign competition；payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "保护, 防卫, 贸易保护制度；保护"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4668, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4114, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "protective", "id": "en-protective", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈtektiv", "raw": "prә'tektiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "protective"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "intended or adapted to afford protection of some kind；showing care；(usually followed by `of') solicitously caring or mindful", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "给予保护的, 保护的；保护的, 防护的, 保护剂, 保护物, 油绸"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2193, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2523, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "protein", "id": "en-protein", "inflections": {"plural": "proteins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəutiːin", "raw": "'prәuti:in", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "protein"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "蛋白质"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "蛋白质的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "protend", "id": "en-protend", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəuˈtend", "raw": "prәu'tend", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "protend"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "t. To hold out; to stretch forth.", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)伸出, (使)伸展"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2229, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2835, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "protest", "id": "en-protest", "inflections": {"past": "protested", "past_participle": "protested", "plural": "protests", "present_participle": "protesting", "third_person_singular": "protests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈtest", "raw": "prә'test", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "protest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a formal and solemn declaration of objection；the act of protesting; a public (often organized) manifestation of dissent；the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "抗议, 反对, 抗议书, 断言"}, {"en": "utter words of protest", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "反对, 抗议, 断言"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10937, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12172, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proton", "id": "en-proton", "inflections": {"plural": "protons"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəutɒn", "raw": "'prәutɒn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proton"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "质子；质子"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6557, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6270, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prototype", "id": "en-prototype", "inflections": {"plural": "prototypes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprəutətaip", "raw": "'prәutәtaip", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prototype"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a standard or typical example", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "原型；样机; 原型"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2579, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1983, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "proud", "id": "en-proud", "inflections": {"comparative": "prouder", "superlative": "proudest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "praud", "raw": "praud", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proud"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "feeling self-respect or pleasure in something by which you measure your self-worth; or being a reason for pride", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "骄傲的, 自大的, 自豪的, 辉煌的, 壮丽的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 671, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 866, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "prove", "id": "en-prove", "inflections": {"past": "proved", "past_participle": "proved", "present_participle": "proving", "third_person_singular": "proves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pruːv", "raw": "pru:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prove"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be shown or be found to be；establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment；prove formally; demonstrate by a mathematical, formal proof；take a trial impression of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "证明, 查验, 检验, 勘探, 显示；证明是"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15355, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 12937, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proverb", "id": "en-proverb", "inflections": {"plural": "proverbs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒvəːb", "raw": "'prɒvә:b", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proverb"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "谚语, 格言, 箴言"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使众所周知, 用谚语表达"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 172, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 262, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "provide", "id": "en-provide", "inflections": {"past": "provided", "past_participle": "provided", "present_participle": "providing", "third_person_singular": "provides"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈvaid", "raw": "prә'vaid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "provide"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance；determine (what is to happen in certain contingencies), especially by including a proviso condition or stipulation；supply means of subsistence; earn a living；take measures in preparation for", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "提供, 供应, 规定, 预备；作准备, 抚养, 规定"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2695, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3842, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "provided", "id": "en-provided", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": "provide", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈvaidid", "raw": "prә'vaidid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "provided"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "conj.", "register": null, "zh": "倘若, 以...为条件"}, {"en": "v give something useful or necessary to；v give what is desired or needed, especially support, food or sustenance；v determine (what is to happen in certain contingencies), especially by including a proviso condition or stipulation；v mount or put up；v make a possibility or provide opportunity for; permit to be attainable or cause to remain；v supply means of subsistence; earn a living；v take measures in preparation for", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2565, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3228, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "province", "id": "en-province", "inflections": {"plural": "provinces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒvins", "raw": "'prɒvins", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "province"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the proper sphere or extent of your activities", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "省, 地方, 职权, 领域；省, 地方, 领域"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 783, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2612, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "provision", "id": "en-provision", "inflections": {"past": "provisioned", "past_participle": "provisioned", "plural": "provisions", "present_participle": "provisioning", "third_person_singular": "provisions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈviʒən", "raw": "prә'viʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "provision"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a stipulated condition；the activity of supplying or providing something；a store or supply of something (especially of food or clothing or arms)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "(政府提供的)钱和设备, 准备, 供应品, 规定, 条款"}, {"en": "supply with provisions", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "供给...食物及必需品"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9872, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7222, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "provocative", "id": "en-provocative", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈvɒkətiv", "raw": "prә'vɒkәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "provocative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "serving or tending to provoke, excite, or stimulate; stimulating discussion or exciting controversy；exciting sexual desire", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "激发感情的, 挑拨的, 刺激的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "刺激物, 挑拨物, 兴奋剂"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3558, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4821, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "provoke", "id": "en-provoke", "inflections": {"past": "provoked", "past_participle": "provoked", "present_participle": "provoking", "third_person_singular": "provokes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prəˈvəuk", "raw": "prә'vәuk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "provoke"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "evoke or provoke to appear or occur；provide the needed stimulus for", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "激怒, 惹起, 诱导；刺激, 煽动, 激怒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 21982, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 19065, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "provost", "id": "en-provost", "inflections": {"plural": "provosts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈprɒvəst", "raw": "'prɒvәst", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "provost"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a high-ranking university administrator", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "教务长, 监督员, 牧师；监督者, 负责官员, 监狱看守"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6927, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6588, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "proximity", "id": "en-proximity", "inflections": {"plural": "proximities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "prɒkˈsimiti", "raw": "prɒk'simiti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "proximity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the property of being close together；the region close around a person or thing；a Gestalt principle of organization holding that (other things being equal) objects or events that are near to one another (in space or time) are perceived as belonging together as a unit", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "接近, 亲近"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8554, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8823, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "prudent", "id": "en-prudent", "inflections": {"comparative": "prudenter"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpruːdnt", "raw": "'pru:dnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "prudent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "careful and sensible; marked by sound judgment", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "审慎的, 三思而后行的, 精明的, 节俭的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2836, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2361, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "psychological", "id": "en-psychological", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌsaikəˈlɒdʒikəl", "raw": ".saikә'lɒdʒikәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "psychological"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "mental or emotional as opposed to physical in nature；of or relating to or determined by psychology", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "心理学的, 精神上的, 心灵的；心理上的, 心理学的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2980, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2972, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "psychology", "id": "en-psychology", "inflections": {"plural": "psychologies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "saiˈkɒlədʒi", "raw": "sai'kɒlәdʒi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "psychology"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the science of mental life", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "心理学, 心理状态；心理学"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 319, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 333, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "public", "id": "en-public", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌblik", "raw": "'pʌblik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "public"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a body of people sharing some common interest", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "公众, 民众"}, {"en": "not private; open to or concerning the people as a whole；affecting the people or community as a whole", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "公众的, 公共的, 公立的, 公用的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1656, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2459, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "publication", "id": "en-publication", "inflections": {"plural": "publications"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌpʌbliˈkeiʃən", "raw": ".pʌbli'keiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "publication"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a copy of a printed work offered for distribution；the communication of something to the public; making information generally known；the business of issuing printed matter for sale or distribution", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "出版物, 出版, 公布；发布"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3003, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4540, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "publicity", "id": "en-publicity", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pʌbˈlisiti", "raw": "pʌb'lisiti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "publicity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quality of being open to public view", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "名声, 宣传, 公开场合；宣传, 广告"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 828, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1116, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "publish", "id": "en-publish", "inflections": {"past": "published", "past_participle": "published", "present_participle": "publishing", "third_person_singular": "publishes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌbliʃ", "raw": "'pʌbliʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "publish"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "prepare and issue for public distribution or sale；have (one's written work) issued for publication", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "出版, 发行, 公开, 发表, 宣传, 公布；出版, 发行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5387, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8518, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pudding", "id": "en-pudding", "inflections": {"plural": "puddings"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpudiŋ", "raw": "'pudiŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pudding"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of various soft thick unsweetened baked dishes；(British) the dessert course of a meal (`pud' is used informally)；any of various soft sweet desserts thickened usually with flour and baked or boiled or steamed", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "布丁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9777, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8283, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "puff", "id": "en-puff", "inflections": {"past": "puffed", "past_participle": "puffed", "plural": "puffs", "present_participle": "puffing", "third_person_singular": "puffs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pʌf", "raw": "pʌf", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "puff"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a short light gust of air；a light inflated pastry or puff shell；exaggerated praise (as for promotional purposes)；a slow inhalation (as of tobacco smoke)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "一阵喷烟, 肿块, 喘息"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "喷出, 张开, 吹捧, (使)充气, 喘气, (使)骄傲, (使)膨胀"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 20246, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 15800, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pulley", "id": "en-pulley", "inflections": {"plural": "pulleys"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpuli", "raw": "'puli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pulley"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a simple machine consisting of a wheel with a groove in which a rope can run to change the direction or point of application of a force applied to the rope", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "滑车, 滑轮；滑车"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4379, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4331, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pulse", "id": "en-pulse", "inflections": {"past": "pulsed", "past_participle": "pulsed", "plural": "pulses", "present_participle": "pulsing", "third_person_singular": "pulses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pʌls", "raw": "pʌls", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pulse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the rhythmic contraction and expansion of the arteries with each beat of the heart；the rate at which the heart beats; usually measured to obtain a quick evaluation of a person's health；edible seeds of various pod-bearing plants (peas or beans or lentils etc.)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "脉冲, 脉搏, 情绪, 意向, 拍子, 豆类"}, {"en": "produce or modulate (as electromagnetic waves) in the form of short bursts or pulses or cause an apparatus to produce pulses", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "跳动, 脉跳；使跳动, 用脉冲调制；脉冲"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4317, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3444, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pump", "id": "en-pump", "inflections": {"past": "pumped", "past_participle": "pumped", "plural": "pumps", "present_participle": "pumping", "third_person_singular": "pumps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pʌmp", "raw": "pʌmp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pump"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction；a low-cut shoe without fastenings", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "抽水机, 打气筒, 泵, 抽吸"}, {"en": "operate like a pump; move up and down, like a handle or a pedal；deliver forth", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "用唧筒抽水, 打气, 盘问, 倾注, 使疲惫；抽水, 上下(或往复)运动"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 17329, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6149, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pumpkin", "id": "en-pumpkin", "inflections": {"plural": "pumpkins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌmpkin", "raw": "'pʌmpkin", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pumpkin"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a coarse vine widely cultivated for its large pulpy round orange fruit with firm orange skin and numerous seeds; subspecies of Cucurbita pepo include the summer squashes and a few autumn squashes；usually large pulpy deep-yellow round fruit of the squash family maturing in late summer or early autumn", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "南瓜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5322, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4348, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "punch", "id": "en-punch", "inflections": {"past": "punched", "past_participle": "punched", "plural": "punches", "present_participle": "punching", "third_person_singular": "punches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pʌntʃ", "raw": "pʌntʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "punch"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(boxing) a blow with the fist；an iced mixed drink usually containing alcohol and prepared for multiple servings; normally served in a punch bowl；a tool for making holes or indentations", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "打洞器, 钻孔机, 冲压机, 冲床, 潘趣酒"}, {"en": "deliver a quick blow to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "以拳重击, 开洞, 冲压；用拳猛击"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 20448, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 25334, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "punctual", "id": "en-punctual", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpəŋktʃuəl", "raw": "'pәŋktʃuәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "punctual"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "acting or arriving or performed exactly at the time appointed", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "准时的, 守时的, 点状的, 中肯的；准时的, 不误期的, 准时"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4686, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3862, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "punish", "id": "en-punish", "inflections": {"past": "punished", "past_participle": "punished", "present_participle": "punishing", "third_person_singular": "punishes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌniʃ", "raw": "'pʌniʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "punish"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "impose a penalty on; inflict punishment on", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "处罚, 惩罚, 严厉对待；惩罚"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3031, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3110, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "punishment", "id": "en-punishment", "inflections": {"plural": "punishments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌniʃmənt", "raw": "'pʌniʃmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "punishment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of punishing", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "处罚, 刑罚, 惩罚；罚, 处罚, 刑罚"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7795, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7250, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "puppet", "id": "en-puppet", "inflections": {"plural": "puppets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌpit", "raw": "'pʌpit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "puppet"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a small figure of a person operated from above with strings by a puppeteer；a doll with a hollow head of a person or animal and a cloth body; intended to fit over the hand and be manipulated with the fingers", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "傀儡, 木偶；木偶, 傀儡, 受他人操纵的人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7310, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6801, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "puppy", "id": "en-puppy", "inflections": {"plural": "puppies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌpi", "raw": "'pʌpi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "puppy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a young dog；an inexperienced young person", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小狗, 小动物, 自负的年轻人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2257, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2149, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "purchase", "id": "en-purchase", "inflections": {"past": "purchased", "past_participle": "purchased", "plural": "purchases", "present_participle": "purchasing", "third_person_singular": "purchases"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpəːtʃəs", "raw": "'pә:tʃәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purchase"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the acquisition of something for payment；something acquired by purchase；a means of exerting influence or gaining advantage", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "购买, 购买品, 紧握, 绞辘"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "购买, 赢得, 努力取得, 用滑轮起(锚等)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2387, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2416, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pure", "id": "en-pure", "inflections": {"comparative": "purer", "superlative": "purest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pjuə", "raw": "pjuә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pure"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "free of extraneous elements of any kind；free from discordant qualities；concerned with theory and data rather than practice; opposed to applied；(used of persons or behaviors) having no faults; sinless", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "纯的, 纯净的, 纯洁的, 清白的, 完美的, 无瑕的, 抽象的；的, 纯净的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2929, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5120, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "purely", "id": "en-purely", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpjuəli", "raw": "'pjuәli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purely"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "纯粹地, 清白地, 贞洁地"}, {"en": "r restricted to something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11900, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13440, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "purify", "id": "en-purify", "inflections": {"past": "purified", "past_participle": "purified", "present_participle": "purifying", "third_person_singular": "purifies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpjuərifai", "raw": "'pjuәrifai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purify"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation；make pure or free from sin or guilt；become clean or pure or free of guilt and sin", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "变纯净；使纯净, 净化, 提纯, 精炼"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7137, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 8748, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "purity", "id": "en-purity", "inflections": {"plural": "purities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpjuərəti", "raw": "'pjuәrәti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "being undiluted or unmixed with extraneous material；the state of being unsullied by sin or moral wrong; lacking a knowledge of evil", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "纯净, 纯正, 纯粹；纯度"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5326, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3894, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "purple", "id": "en-purple", "inflections": {"comparative": "purpler", "past": "purpled", "past_participle": "purpled", "plural": "purples", "present_participle": "purpling", "superlative": "purplest", "third_person_singular": "purples"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpəːpl", "raw": "'pә:pl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purple"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a purple color or pigment；of imperial status", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "紫色, 帝位"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "紫色的, 帝王的, 华而不实的"}, {"en": "become purple；color purple", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)成紫色"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 655, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1014, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "purpose", "id": "en-purpose", "inflections": {"past": "purposed", "past_participle": "purposed", "plural": "purposes", "present_participle": "purposing", "third_person_singular": "purposes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpəːpəs", "raw": "'pә:pәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purpose"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "目的, 意向, 决心, 用途, 效果, 论题"}, {"en": "reach a decision", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "意欲, 企图, 计划"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6387, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4358, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "purse", "id": "en-purse", "inflections": {"past": "pursed", "past_participle": "pursed", "plural": "purses", "present_participle": "pursing", "third_person_singular": "purses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pəːs", "raw": "pә:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "purse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a sum of money spoken of as the contents of a money purse；a small bag for carrying money；a sum of money offered as a prize", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "钱包, 小钱袋, 金钱, 募捐款, 囊状物"}, {"en": "contract one's lips into a rounded shape", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "缩拢, 皱起"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1976, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1785, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "pursue", "id": "en-pursue", "inflections": {"past": "pursued", "past_participle": "pursued", "present_participle": "pursuing", "third_person_singular": "pursues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pəˈsjuː", "raw": "pә'sju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pursue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "follow in or as if in pursuit；carry further or advance", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "追赶, 追踪, 追随, 追求, 实行, 继续, 从事；追赶, 继续"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4084, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3873, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pursuit", "id": "en-pursuit", "inflections": {"plural": "pursuits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pəˈsjuːt", "raw": "pә'sju:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pursuit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture；a search for an alternative that meets cognitive criteria", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "追踪, 追求, 追赶, 娱乐, 职业；追捕, 追求"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6964, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4255, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "puzzle", "id": "en-puzzle", "inflections": {"past": "puzzled", "past_participle": "puzzled", "plural": "puzzles", "present_participle": "puzzling", "third_person_singular": "puzzles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈpʌzl", "raw": "'pʌzl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "puzzle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution；a game that tests your ingenuity", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "难题, 迷惑"}, {"en": "be uncertain about; think about without fully understanding or being able to decide", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使困惑, 使为难；迷惑, 苦思"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9126, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "pyjamas", "id": "en-pyjamas", "inflections": {"plural": "pyjamas"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "pyjamas", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "pəˈdʒɑːməs", "raw": "pә'dʒɑ:mәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "pyjamas"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "睡衣裤, 宽松裤"}, {"en": "n a pair of loose trousers tied by a drawstring around the waist; worn by men and women in some Asian countries；n (usually plural) loose-fitting nightclothes worn for sleeping or lounging; have a jacket top and trousers", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2396, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6828, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "qualification", "id": "en-qualification", "inflections": {"plural": "qualifications"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkwɒlifiˈkeiʃən", "raw": ".kwɒlifi'keiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "qualification"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an attribute that must be met or complied with and that fits a person for something；the act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "资格, 条件, 限制；限定"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2685, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3049, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "qualify", "id": "en-qualify", "inflections": {"past": "qualified", "past_participle": "qualified", "present_participle": "qualifying", "third_person_singular": "qualifies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒlifai", "raw": "'kwɒlifai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "qualify"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "prove capable or fit; meet requirements；pronounce fit or able；make more specific；make fit or prepared", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "取得资格, 有资格；使有资格, 使合格, 限定, 限制, 准予"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8234, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7101, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "qualitative", "id": "en-qualitative", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒlitətiv", "raw": "'kwɒlitәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "qualitative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "involving distinctions based on qualities；relating to or involving comparisons based on qualities", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "性质的, 质的, 定性的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 536, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 764, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "quality", "id": "en-quality", "inflections": {"plural": "qualities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒləti", "raw": "'kwɒlәti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quality"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an essential and distinguishing attribute of something or someone；a degree or grade of excellence or worth；a characteristic property that defines the apparent individual nature of something；high social status", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "品质, 特性, 才能, 质量"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "优质的；品质"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8904, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9701, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quantify", "id": "en-quantify", "inflections": {"past": "quantified", "past_participle": "quantified", "present_participle": "quantifying", "third_person_singular": "quantifies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒntifai", "raw": "'kwɒntifai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quantify"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "use as a quantifier；express as a number or measure or quantity", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "定量, 用数量表示, 测量"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6277, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7662, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quantitative", "id": "en-quantitative", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒntitətiv", "raw": "'kwɒntitәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quantitative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "expressible as a quantity or relating to or susceptible of measurement；relating to the measurement of quantity；(of verse) having a metric system based on relative duration of syllables", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "数量的, 定量的；定量的, 数量的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2082, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4057, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "quantity", "id": "en-quantity", "inflections": {"plural": "quantities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒntəti", "raw": "'kwɒntәti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quantity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an adequate or large amount；the concept that something has a magnitude and can be represented in mathematical expressions by a constant or a variable", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "量, 数量, 总量；数量; 量"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7746, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 11177, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quarrel", "id": "en-quarrel", "inflections": {"past": "quarrelled", "past_participle": "quarrelled", "plural": "quarrels", "present_participle": "quarrelling", "third_person_singular": "quarrels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɒrəl", "raw": "'kwɒrәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quarrel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an angry dispute；an arrow that is shot from a crossbow; has a head with four edges", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "吵架, 反目, 怨言, 方头凿"}, {"en": "have a disagreement over something", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "吵架, 争论, 挑剔"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 23170, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quart", "id": "en-quart", "inflections": {"plural": "quarts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwɒːt", "raw": "kwɒ:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quart"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a United States liquid unit equal to 32 fluid ounces; four quarts equal one gallon；a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 2 pints or 1.136 liters；a United States dry unit equal to 2 pints or 67.2 cubic inches", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "夸脱；夸脱(四分之一加仑)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9787, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 11417, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quarterly", "id": "en-quarterly", "inflections": {"plural": "quarterlies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwɔːtəli", "raw": "'kwɔ:tәli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quarterly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or relating to or consisting of a quarter", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "季度的, 按季度的, 每季的"}, {"en": "in diagonally opposed quarters of an escutcheon；in three month intervals", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "按季, 每三个月, 每季一次"}, {"en": "a periodical that is published every quarter (or four issues per year)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "季刊"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13134, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 16587, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quartz", "id": "en-quartz", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwɒːts", "raw": "kwɒ:ts", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quartz"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a hard glossy mineral consisting of silicon dioxide in crystal form; present in most rocks (especially sandstone and granite); yellow sand is quartz with iron oxide impurities", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "石英；石英"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1223, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 43081, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "queen", "id": "en-queen", "inflections": {"past": "queened", "past_participle": "queened", "plural": "queens", "present_participle": "queening", "third_person_singular": "queens"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwiːn", "raw": "'kwi:n", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "queen"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs；a female sovereign ruler；the wife or widow of a king；something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "王后, 女王"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "立为女王；做女王"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12553, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11708, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "queer", "id": "en-queer", "inflections": {"comparative": "queerer", "past": "queered", "past_participle": "queered", "plural": "queers", "present_participle": "queering", "superlative": "queerest", "third_person_singular": "queers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwiə", "raw": "kwiә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "queer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "怪人, 同性恋者"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "奇怪的, 不舒服的, 可疑的"}, {"en": "put in a dangerous, disadvantageous, or difficult position", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "搞糟"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 19371, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 19110, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quench", "id": "en-quench", "inflections": {"past": "quenched", "past_participle": "quenched", "present_participle": "quenching", "third_person_singular": "quenches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwentʃ", "raw": "kwentʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quench"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "satisfy (thirst)；electronics: suppress (sparking) when the current is cut off in an inductive circuit, or suppress (an oscillation or discharge) in a component or device；reduce the degree of (luminescence or phosphorescence) in (excited molecules or a material) by adding a suitable substance", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "熄灭, 结束, 使冷却, 将...淬火；熄灭, 平息"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6427, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4067, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quest", "id": "en-quest", "inflections": {"past": "quested", "past_participle": "quested", "plural": "quests", "present_participle": "questing", "third_person_singular": "quests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwest", "raw": "kwest", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of searching for something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "探索, 寻求, 调查"}, {"en": "make a search (for)；search the trail of (game)；seek alms, as for religious purposes", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "寻找, 找, 追寻猎物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8517, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6242, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "questionable", "id": "en-questionable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwestʃənəbl", "raw": "'kwestʃәnәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "questionable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "subject to question；able to be refuted", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "可疑的；可疑的, 有问题的, 不可靠的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4043, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3606, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "questionnaire", "id": "en-questionnaire", "inflections": {"plural": "questionnaires"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwestʃəˈnєə", "raw": "kwestʃә'nєә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "questionnaire"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a form containing a set of questions; submitted to people to gain statistical information", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "调查表, 问卷；调查表"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4960, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 15489, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "queue", "id": "en-queue", "inflections": {"past": "queued", "past_participle": "queued", "plural": "queues", "present_participle": "queuing", "third_person_singular": "queues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kjuː", "raw": "kju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "queue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a line of people or vehicles waiting for something；(information processing) an ordered list of tasks to be performed or messages to be transmitted；a braid of hair at the back of the head", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "辫子, 一队人, 队列"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使排队, 将...梳成辫子；排队；队列"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11390, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11424, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quicken", "id": "en-quicken", "inflections": {"past": "quickened", "past_participle": "quickened", "present_participle": "quickening", "third_person_singular": "quickens"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwikən", "raw": "'kwikәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quicken"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "give life or energy to；show signs of life", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "加快, 激发, 使有生气, 鼓舞, 使复活；加快, 变活跃, 进入胎动期"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12326, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6124, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quilt", "id": "en-quilt", "inflections": {"past": "quilted", "past_participle": "quilted", "plural": "quilts", "present_participle": "quilting", "third_person_singular": "quilts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwilt", "raw": "kwilt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quilt"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "bedding made of two layers of cloth filled with stuffing and stitched together", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "棉被"}, {"en": "stitch or sew together；create by stitching together", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "加软衬料后缝制, 东拼西凑地编；缝被子"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5298, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2522, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "quit", "id": "en-quit", "inflections": {"past": "quit", "past_participle": "quit", "present_participle": "quitting", "third_person_singular": "quits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "quit", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwit", "raw": "kwit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "离开, 辞职, 停止；离开, 放弃, 使解除, 停止"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "离开；结束, 退出"}, {"en": "v put an end to a state or an activity；v give up or retire from a position；v go away or leave；v turn away from; give up；v give up in the face of defeat of lacking hope; admit defeat", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10746, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11515, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quiver", "id": "en-quiver", "inflections": {"past": "quivered", "past_participle": "quivered", "plural": "quivers", "present_participle": "quivering", "third_person_singular": "quivers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkwivə", "raw": "'kwivә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quiver"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "case for holding arrows", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "震动, 颤抖, 箭袋"}, {"en": "shake with fast, tremulous movements", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "颤抖, 振动；使颤动"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "敏捷的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9113, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8784, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quiz", "id": "en-quiz", "inflections": {"past": "quizzed", "past_participle": "quizzed", "present_participle": "quizzing", "third_person_singular": "quizzes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwiz", "raw": "kwiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quiz"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an examination consisting of a few short questions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "考查, 课堂测验, 恶作剧, 智力测验"}, {"en": "examine someone's knowledge of something", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "戏弄, 考查, 恶作剧"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5331, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8858, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "quotation", "id": "en-quotation", "inflections": {"plural": "quotations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwəuˈteiʃən", "raw": "kwәu'teiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quotation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a passage or expression that is quoted or cited；a statement of the current market price of a security or commodity；the practice of quoting from books or plays etc.", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "引用语, 语录, 牌价, 报价；报价"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2039, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2255, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "quote", "id": "en-quote", "inflections": {"past": "quoted", "past_participle": "quoted", "plural": "quotes", "present_participle": "quoting", "third_person_singular": "quotes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kwəut", "raw": "kwәut", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "quote"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "引用"}, {"en": "repeat a passage from；name the price of；refer to for illustration or proof；put quote marks around", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "引述, 举证, 报(价)；引用"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3037, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4373, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rabbit", "id": "en-rabbit", "inflections": {"past": "rabbited", "past_participle": "rabbited", "plural": "rabbits", "present_participle": "rabbiting", "third_person_singular": "rabbits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræbit", "raw": "'ræbit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rabbit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of various burrowing animals of the family Leporidae having long ears and short tails; some domesticated and raised for pets or food；flesh of any of various rabbits or hares (wild or domesticated) eaten as food", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "兔子"}, {"en": "hunt rabbits", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "猎兔；让...见鬼去"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1107, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 716, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "race", "id": "en-race", "inflections": {"past": "raced", "past_participle": "raced", "plural": "races", "present_participle": "racing", "third_person_singular": "races"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reis", "raw": "reis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "race"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any competition；a contest of speed；people who are believed to belong to the same genetic stock", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "种族, 人种, 赛跑, 比赛, 急流, 人类, 同道, 姜根"}, {"en": "compete in a race", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "赛跑, 竞赛, 疾走；与...赛跑, 使疾走, 使猛转；竞争; 追赶; 欧州高级通信研究开发计划"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4592, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2243, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "racial", "id": "en-racial", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreiʃəl", "raw": "'reiʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "racial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or related to genetically distinguished groups of people；of or characteristic of race or races or arising from differences among groups", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "人种的, 种族的；种族的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6006, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4151, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rack", "id": "en-rack", "inflections": {"past": "racked", "past_participle": "racked", "plural": "racks", "present_participle": "racking", "third_person_singular": "racks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræk", "raw": "ræk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rack"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "framework for holding objects；rib section of a forequarter of veal or pork or especially lamb or mutton；an instrument of torture that stretches or disjoints or mutilates victims；a support for displaying various articles", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "架, 行李架, 饲草架, 搁物架, 痛苦, 折磨, 齿条, 行云团"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "把...放在架上, 在架上制作, 折磨, 使痛苦, 压榨, 榨取, 猛烈撕拉, 拷问；变形, 倾斜, (云)随风飘, (马)小步跑；机架"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8857, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9912, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "racket", "id": "en-racket", "inflections": {"plural": "rackets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrækit", "raw": "'rækit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "racket"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a loud and disturbing noise；an illegal enterprise (such as extortion or fraud or drug peddling or prostitution) carried on for profit；a sports implement (usually consisting of a handle and an oval frame with a tightly interlaced network of strings) used to strike a ball (or shuttlecock) in various games", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "球拍, 喧闹, 杂乱无章"}, {"en": "make loud and annoying noises", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "喧闹；用球拍打"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7112, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4780, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radar", "id": "en-radar", "inflections": {"plural": "radars"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidə", "raw": "'reidә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radar"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "measuring instrument in which the echo of a pulse of microwave radiation is used to detect and locate distant objects", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "雷达, 无线电探测器；雷达图"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10826, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 16392, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radial", "id": "en-radial", "inflections": {"plural": "radials"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidiəl", "raw": "'reidiәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "relating to or near the radius；relating to or moving along or having the direction of a radius", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "光线的, 光线状的, 放射状的, 半径的, 径向的"}, {"en": "pneumatic tire that has radial-ply casing", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "光线, 射线"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14368, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9731, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radiant", "id": "en-radiant", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidiənt", "raw": "'reidiәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radiant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "发光的, 明亮的, 辐射的, 容光焕发的；放射的, 辐射的, 辐射物[质]"}, {"en": "s radiating or as if radiating light", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10092, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8496, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radiate", "id": "en-radiate", "inflections": {"past": "radiated", "past_participle": "radiated", "present_participle": "radiating", "third_person_singular": "radiates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidieit", "raw": "'reidieit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radiate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "send out rays or waves；send out real or metaphoric rays；extend or spread outward from a center or focus or inward towards a center；cause to be seen by emitting light as if in rays", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "放射, 散发, 辐射, 传播, 广播；发光, 辐射, 流露"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "有射线的, 辐射状的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3892, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3652, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radiation", "id": "en-radiation", "inflections": {"plural": "radiations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreidiˈeiʃən", "raw": ".reidi'eiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radiation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles；the act of spreading outward from a central source；the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay；the spread of a group of organisms into new habitats", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "辐射；放射"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7281, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13342, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radiator", "id": "en-radiator", "inflections": {"plural": "radiators"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidieitə", "raw": "'reidieitә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radiator"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any object that radiates energy；heater consisting of a series of pipes for circulating steam or hot water to heat rooms or buildings；a mechanism consisting of a metal honeycomb through which hot fluids circulate; heat is transferred from the fluid through the honeycomb to the airstream that is created either by the motion of the vehicle or by a fan", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "暖气装置, 散热器, 辐射体；散热器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2361, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2929, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radical", "id": "en-radical", "inflections": {"plural": "radicals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrædikl", "raw": "'rædikl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radical"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who has radical ideas or opinions；(mathematics) a quantity expressed as the root of another quantity；a character conveying the lexical meaning of a logogram", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "激进分子, 词根, 基础, 根式, 根"}, {"en": "arising from or going to the root or source", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "激进的, 根本的, 基本的, 根的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6732, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7890, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radioactive", "id": "en-radioactive", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreidiəuˈæktiv", "raw": ".reidiәu'æktiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radioactive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "exhibiting or caused by radioactivity", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "放射性的, 有放射能的；放射性的, 放射的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 16448, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 20084, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radioactivity", "id": "en-radioactivity", "inflections": {"plural": "radioactivities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreidiəuækˈtiviti", "raw": ".reidiәuæk'tiviti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radioactivity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "放射性；放射性"}, {"en": "n the spontaneous emission of a stream of particles or electromagnetic rays in nuclear decay", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 17452, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 14920, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radish", "id": "en-radish", "inflections": {"plural": "radishes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrædiʃ", "raw": "'rædiʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radish"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "pungent fleshy edible root；radish of Japan with a long hard durable root eaten raw or cooked；pungent edible root of any of various cultivated radish plants", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小萝卜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 45531, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 30174, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radium", "id": "en-radium", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidiəm", "raw": "'reidiәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radium"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an intensely radioactive metallic element that occurs in minute amounts in uranium ores", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "镭；镭Ra"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7090, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9413, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "radius", "id": "en-radius", "inflections": {"plural": "radii"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreidiəs", "raw": "'reidiәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "radius"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the length of a line segment between the center and circumference of a circle or sphere；a straight line from the center to the perimeter of a circle (or from the center to the surface of a sphere)；a circular region whose area is indicated by the length of its radius；the outer and slightly shorter of the two bones of the human forearm", "pos": "n.", "register": "电", "zh": "半径, 范围, 辐射光线；半径"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5984, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6662, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rag", "id": "en-rag", "inflections": {"past": "ragged", "past_participle": "ragged", "plural": "rags", "present_participle": "ragging", "third_person_singular": "rags"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræg", "raw": "ræg", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rag"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a small piece of cloth or paper；a week at British universities during which side-shows and processions of floats are organized to raise money for charities；a boisterous practical joke (especially by college students)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "碎布, 抹布, 碎片, 碎屑, 少量, 破旧衣服"}, {"en": "play in ragtime", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "责骂, 揶揄, 戏弄；喧闹"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4836, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3984, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rage", "id": "en-rage", "inflections": {"past": "raged", "past_participle": "raged", "plural": "rages", "present_participle": "raging", "third_person_singular": "rages"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reidʒ", "raw": "reidʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rage"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state of extreme anger；something that is desired intensely；violent state of the elements", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "愤怒, 情绪激动, 狂暴"}, {"en": "be violent; as of fires and storms", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "大怒, 狂吹, 流行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3428, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 5096, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "raid", "id": "en-raid", "inflections": {"past": "raided", "past_participle": "raided", "plural": "raids", "present_participle": "raiding", "third_person_singular": "raids"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reid", "raw": "reid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "raid"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an attempt by speculators to defraud investors", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "袭击, 突袭, 搜捕"}, {"en": "search without warning, make a sudden surprise attack on；take over (a company) by buying a controlling interest of its stock；search for something needed or desired", "pos": "v.", "register": "comp", "zh": "奇袭, 搜捕；廉价磁盘冗余阵列"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1961, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3373, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rail", "id": "en-rail", "inflections": {"past": "railed", "past_participle": "railed", "plural": "rails", "present_participle": "railing", "third_person_singular": "rails"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reil", "raw": "reil", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rail"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "short for railway；a horizontal bar (usually of wood or metal)；any of numerous widely distributed small wading birds of the family Rallidae having short wings and very long toes for running on soft mud", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "横杆, 围栏, 栏杆, 铁轨, 扶手, 秧鸡"}, {"en": "complain bitterly", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "以横木围栏, 给...铺铁轨；责骂, 抱怨"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 20425, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3649, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "railroad", "id": "en-railroad", "inflections": {"past": "railroaded", "past_participle": "railroaded", "plural": "railroads", "present_participle": "railroading", "third_person_singular": "railroads"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreilrəud", "raw": "'reilrәud", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "railroad"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "铁路, 铁路公司"}, {"en": "supply with railroad lines；transport by railroad", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "铺设铁路, 用铁路运输；在铁路工作"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5699, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7427, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rainbow", "id": "en-rainbow", "inflections": {"plural": "rainbows"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreinbəu", "raw": "'reinbәu", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rainbow"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an arc of colored light in the sky caused by refraction of the sun's rays by rain；an illusory hope", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "彩虹"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "五彩缤纷的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7451, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11383, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rainforest", "id": "en-rainforest", "inflections": {"plural": "rainforests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreinˈfɔrist", "raw": "'rein'fɔrist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rainforest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "n a forest with heavy annual rainfall", "pos": "n.", "register": "生态", "zh": "雨林"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13732, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7477, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rainy", "id": "en-rainy", "inflections": {"superlative": "rainiest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreini", "raw": "'reini", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rainy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "下雨的, 多雨的"}, {"en": "s (of weather) wet by periods of rain", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 16817, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8989, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "raisin", "id": "en-raisin", "inflections": {"plural": "raisins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreizn", "raw": "'reizn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "raisin"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "dried grape", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "葡萄干"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10098, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8861, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rake", "id": "en-rake", "inflections": {"past": "raked", "past_participle": "raked", "plural": "rakes", "present_participle": "raking", "third_person_singular": "rakes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reik", "raw": "reik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rake"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a dissolute man in fashionable society；a long-handled tool with a row of teeth at its head; used to move leaves or loosen soil", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "耙子, 钱耙, 斜度, 浪子"}, {"en": "move through with or as if with a rake；level or smooth with a rake", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "搜索, 掠过, (用耙子)耙, (使)倾斜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4229, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4619, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rally", "id": "en-rally", "inflections": {"past": "rallied", "past_participle": "rallied", "plural": "rallies", "present_participle": "rallying", "third_person_singular": "rallies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræli", "raw": "'ræli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rally"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a large gathering of people intended to arouse enthusiasm；the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort；a marked recovery of strength or spirits during an illness；an automobile race run over public roads", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "重振旗鼓, 集合, 群众集会, 跌停回升"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "重整旗鼓, 集合, 恢复精神, 团结, 挖苦, 嘲笑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 19122, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 16774, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ramble", "id": "en-ramble", "inflections": {"past": "rambled", "past_participle": "rambled", "plural": "rambles", "present_participle": "rambling", "third_person_singular": "rambles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræmbl", "raw": "'ræmbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ramble"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an aimless amble on a winding course", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "漫步, 随笔"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "漫步, 漫谈, 漫游, 蔓延；闲逛于"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14603, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 4036, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ranch", "id": "en-ranch", "inflections": {"past": "ranched", "past_participle": "ranched", "plural": "ranches", "present_participle": "ranching", "third_person_singular": "ranches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræntʃˌ rɑːntʃ", "raw": "ræntʃ. rɑ:ntʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ranch"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "farm consisting of a large tract of land along with facilities needed to raise livestock (especially cattle)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "大牧场"}, {"en": "manage or run a ranch", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "经营牧场"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3811, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3619, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "random", "id": "en-random", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrændəm", "raw": "'rændәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "random"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "随意, 随机"}, {"en": "lacking any definite plan or order or purpose; governed by or depending on chance", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "任意的, 随便的, 胡乱的, 随机的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "胡乱地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 484, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 972, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "range", "id": "en-range", "inflections": {"past": "ranged", "past_participle": "ranged", "plural": "ranges", "present_participle": "ranging", "third_person_singular": "ranges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreindʒ", "raw": "'reindʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "range"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the limits within which something can be effective；a large tract of grassy open land on which livestock can graze；a series of hills or mountains；a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "排, 行, 山脉, 范围, 行列, 射程"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "排列, 归类于, 使并列, 放牧；平行, 延伸, 漫游；量程; 范围; 域; 距离"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2464, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2647, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rank", "id": "en-rank", "inflections": {"past": "ranked", "past_participle": "ranked", "plural": "ranks", "present_participle": "ranking", "third_person_singular": "ranks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræŋk", "raw": "ræŋk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rank"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another；relative status", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "等级, 排, 横列, 队伍, 阶级；秩；秩"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "茂密丛生的, 恶臭的, 十足的, 粗俗的"}, {"en": "take or have a position relative to others；take precedence or surpass others in rank", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "排列, 归类于, 把...分等；列为, 列队"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10521, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5303, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rap", "id": "en-rap", "inflections": {"past": "rapped", "past_participle": "rapped", "plural": "raps", "present_participle": "rapping", "third_person_singular": "raps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræp", "raw": "ræp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rap"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a gentle blow；voluble conversation；genre of African-American music of the 1980s and 1990s in which rhyming lyrics are chanted to a musical accompaniment; several forms of rap have emerged", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "轻敲, 拍击, 责骂, 无价值的东西"}, {"en": "strike sharply", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "轻敲, 厉声说出, 叱责, 抢走, 使着迷；敲击, 发敲击声, 交谈, 同情；随机存取程序, 资源分配处理器, 常驻汇编程序"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2402, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3029, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rapid", "id": "en-rapid", "inflections": {"plural": "rapids"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræpid", "raw": "'ræpid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rapid"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "done or occurring in a brief period of time；characterized by speed; moving with or capable of moving with high speed", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "迅速的, 飞快的, 急促的, 陡的"}, {"en": "a part of a river where the current is very fast", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "急流"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18526, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 23076, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rapidity", "id": "en-rapidity", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rəˈpiditi", "raw": "rә'piditi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rapidity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "迅速, 急速, 速度"}, {"en": "n a rate that is rapid", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1967, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 2527, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rapidly", "id": "en-rapidly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræpidli", "raw": "'ræpidli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rapidly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "飞快地, 迅速地, 赶紧地"}, {"en": "r with rapid movements", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 19620, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 16318, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rapture", "id": "en-rapture", "inflections": {"past_participle": "raptured", "plural": "raptures"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræptʃə", "raw": "'ræptʃә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rapture"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "兴高采烈, 着迷, 欢天喜地, 狂喜"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使狂喜"}, {"en": "n a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion；n a state of elated bliss", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1831, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1872, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rare", "id": "en-rare", "inflections": {"comparative": "rarer", "present_participle": "raring", "superlative": "rarest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rєə", "raw": "rєә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rare"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness；recurring only at long intervals；not widely distributed；having low density", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "稀罕的, 罕有的, 珍奇的, 稀薄的, 半熟的, 非常好的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "非常"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2122, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2271, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rarely", "id": "en-rarely", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrєəli", "raw": "'rєәli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rarely"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "not often", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "很少地, 罕有地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 24088, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 20319, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rascal", "id": "en-rascal", "inflections": {"plural": "rascals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræskl", "raw": "'ræskl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rascal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "流氓, 无赖, 坏蛋, 淘气鬼；流氓, 无赖, 恶棍"}, {"en": "n a deceitful and unreliable scoundrel；n one who is playfully mischievous", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11233, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8937, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rash", "id": "en-rash", "inflections": {"plural": "rashes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræʃ", "raw": "ræʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rash"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "imprudently incurring risk", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "轻率的, 匆忙的, 鲁莽的"}, {"en": "any red eruption of the skin；a series of unexpected and unpleasant occurrences", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "皮疹"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3139, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3558, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rat", "id": "en-rat", "inflections": {"past": "ratted", "past_participle": "ratted", "plural": "rats", "present_participle": "ratting", "third_person_singular": "rats"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ræt", "raw": "ræt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rat"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of various long-tailed rodents similar to but larger than a mouse；a pad (usually made of hair) worn as part of a woman's coiffure", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "鼠, 卑鄙的人, 破坏者, 变节者"}, {"en": "desert one's party or group of friends, for example, for one's personal advantage；employ scabs or strike breakers in", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "捕鼠, 变节；弄蓬松"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 297, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 457, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rate", "id": "en-rate", "inflections": {"past": "rated", "past_participle": "rated", "plural": "rates", "present_participle": "rating", "third_person_singular": "rates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reit", "raw": "reit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a magnitude or frequency relative to a time unit；amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis；a quantity or amount or measure considered as a proportion of another quantity or amount or measure", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "比率, 率, 速度, 价格, 费用, 等级"}, {"en": "assign a rank or rating to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "估价, 认为, 鉴定等级, 责骂；被评价, 责骂"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 460, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 860, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rather", "id": "en-rather", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræðə", "raw": "'ræðә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rather"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "on the contrary; rather (or instead), he wrote her a letter\"；to some (great or small) extent", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "宁可, 稍微, 相当"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4005, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1819, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rating", "id": "en-rating", "inflections": {"plural": "ratings", "present_participle": "rating"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "rate", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreitiŋ", "raw": "'reitiŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rating"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "standing or position on a scale", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "等级, 额定功率, 责骂；等级评定"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2365, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3088, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ratio", "id": "en-ratio", "inflections": {"plural": "ratios"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreiʃəu", "raw": "'reiʃәu", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ratio"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "比, 比率；比, 比率, 比例"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3243, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4481, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rational", "id": "en-rational", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈræʃənl", "raw": "'ræʃәnl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rational"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "consistent with or based on or using reason；capable of being expressed as a quotient of integers；having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion)", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "理性的, 合理的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "有理数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6515, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5452, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rattle", "id": "en-rattle", "inflections": {"past": "rattled", "past_participle": "rattled", "plural": "rattles", "present_participle": "rattling", "third_person_singular": "rattles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrætl", "raw": "'rætl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rattle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make short successive sounds", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使嘎嘎响, 喋喋不休地说；格格响, 喋喋不休"}, {"en": "a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders)；a baby's toy that makes percussive noises when shaken；loosely connected horny sections at the end of a rattlesnake's tail", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "格格声, 拨浪鼓, 喋喋不休的话"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2999, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2783, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "raw", "id": "en-raw", "inflections": {"superlative": "rawest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rɒː", "raw": "rɒ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "raw"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "informal terms for nakedness", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "擦伤处, 半成品"}, {"en": "having the surface exposed and painful；not treated with heat to prepare it for eating；not processed or refined", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "生的, 未加工的, 生疏的, 不成熟的, 阴冷的, 刺痛的, 擦掉皮的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "擦伤；写后读"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3865, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4432, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ray", "id": "en-ray", "inflections": {"past": "rayed", "past_participle": "rayed", "plural": "rays", "present_participle": "raying", "third_person_singular": "rays"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rei", "raw": "rei", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ray"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a branch of an umbel or an umbelliform inflorescence；(mathematics) a straight line extending from a point；any of the stiff bony spines in the fin of a fish；cartilaginous fishes having horizontally flattened bodies and enlarged winglike pectoral fins with gills on the underside; most swim by moving the pectoral fins", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "光线, 射线, 闪烁, 光辉"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "射出光线, 浮现, 放射光线；放射, 显出"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8610, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7444, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "razor", "id": "en-razor", "inflections": {"plural": "razors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreizə", "raw": "'reizә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "razor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "edge tool used in shaving", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "剃刀"}, {"en": "shave with a razor", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "剃"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 404, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 422, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reach", "id": "en-reach", "inflections": {"past": "reached", "past_participle": "reached", "plural": "reaches", "present_participle": "reaching", "third_person_singular": "reaches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːtʃ", "raw": "ri:tʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reach"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of physically reaching or thrusting out", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "伸出, 延伸, 区域, 范围, 流域, 岬"}, {"en": "reach a destination, either real or abstract；reach a point in time, or a certain state or level；move forward or upward in order to touch; also in a metaphorical sense", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "到达, 达到, 伸出, 延伸, 影响；达到, 延伸, 伸出手, 传到"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2923, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2666, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "react", "id": "en-react", "inflections": {"past": "reacted", "past_participle": "reacted", "present_participle": "reacting", "third_person_singular": "reacts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈækt", "raw": "ri'ækt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "react"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "show a response or a reaction to something；act against or in opposition to；undergo a chemical reaction; react with another substance under certain conditions", "pos": "vi.", "register": "med", "zh": "起反应, 起作用, 反攻；应答, 发生反应"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1269, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1409, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reaction", "id": "en-reaction", "inflections": {"plural": "reactions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈækʃən", "raw": "ri'ækʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reaction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an idea evoked by some experience；a bodily process occurring due to the effect of some antecedent stimulus or agent；(mechanics) the equal and opposite force that is produced when any force is applied to a body；a response that reveals a person's feelings or attitude", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "反应, 反作用, 反动；反应"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4912, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6317, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reactor", "id": "en-reactor", "inflections": {"plural": "reactors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈæktə", "raw": "ri'æktә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reactor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an electrical device used to introduce reactance into a circuit", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "反应者, 反应器, 反应堆, 电抗器；反应釜; 反应锅"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1148, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1268, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reader", "id": "en-reader", "inflections": {"plural": "readers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːdə", "raw": "'ri:dә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reader"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who enjoys reading；a person who can read; a literate person；one of a series of texts for students learning to read", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "读者, 读物, 文选, 校对人, 讲师；阅读程序; 阅读器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2847, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4013, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "readily", "id": "en-readily", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈredili", "raw": "'redili", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "readily"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "without much difficulty", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "迅速地, 轻易地, 乐意地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1701, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1581, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reading", "id": "en-reading", "inflections": {"plural": "readings", "present_participle": "reading"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "read", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːdiŋ", "raw": "'ri:diŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reading"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message；a particular interpretation or performance；a datum about some physical state that is presented to a user by a meter or similar instrument；written material intended to be read", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "阅读, 知识, 读物"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "阅读的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 425, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 305, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "real", "id": "en-real", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriəl", "raw": "'riәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "real"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory; not ghosts\"；no less than what is stated; worthy of the name", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "真的, 真实的, 实际的, 实在的, 不动(产)的, 实数的"}, {"en": "the basic unit of money in Brazil; equal to 100 centavos；an old small silver Spanish coin", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "实数, 现实"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "真正地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3620, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3993, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "realistic", "id": "en-realistic", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riəˈlistik", "raw": "riә'listik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "realistic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are；of or relating to the philosophical doctrine of realism", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "现实的, 逼真的, 现实主义的, 实在论的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1299, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1032, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reality", "id": "en-reality", "inflections": {"plural": "realities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈæliti", "raw": "ri'æliti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reality"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being actual or real；the state of the world as it really is rather than as you might want it to be；the quality possessed by something that is real", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "实在, 事实, 实体, 逼真；现实, 实在存在的事物, 实在性"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7207, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5579, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "realization", "id": "en-realization", "inflections": {"plural": "realizations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriəlaiˈzeiʃən", "raw": ".riәlai'zeiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "realization"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "coming to understand something clearly and distinctly；making real or giving the appearance of reality；a musical composition that has been completed or enriched by someone other than the composer", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "实现, 领悟, 实得；现实化, 实现"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1603, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 616, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "realize", "id": "en-realize", "inflections": {"past": "realized", "past_participle": "realized", "present_participle": "realizing", "third_person_singular": "realizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriəlaiz", "raw": "'riәlaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "realize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make real or concrete; give reality or substance to；convert into cash; of goods and property；expand or complete (a part in a piece of baroque music) by supplying the harmonies indicated in the figured bass", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "了解, 实现, 使显得逼真, 变卖；变卖"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4782, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3911, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "realm", "id": "en-realm", "inflections": {"plural": "realms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "relm", "raw": "relm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "realm"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "王国, 领土, 领域；领域"}, {"en": "n a domain in which something is dominant；n the domain ruled by a king or queen；n a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8430, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7589, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reap", "id": "en-reap", "inflections": {"past": "reaped", "past_participle": "reaped", "present_participle": "reaping", "third_person_singular": "reaps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːp", "raw": "ri:p", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reap"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "gather, as of natural products；get or derive", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "收割, 收获, 获得；收割, 得到报应"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4511, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4033, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rear", "id": "en-rear", "inflections": {"past": "reared", "past_participle": "reared", "plural": "rears", "present_participle": "rearing", "third_person_singular": "rears"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riə", "raw": "riә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rear"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the back of a military formation or procession；the side of an object that is opposite its front；the side that goes last or is not normally seen", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "后面, 背后, 后方"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "后面的, 背面的, 后方的"}, {"en": "stand up on the hind legs, of quadrupeds", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "养育, 培养, 饲养, 举起, 树立, 栽种；高耸, 暴跳"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1549, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2510, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reasonable", "id": "en-reasonable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːznəbl", "raw": "'ri:znәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reasonable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "showing reason or sound judgment；marked by sound judgment", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "合理的, 明理的, 适当的；合理的, 公道的, 正当的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4529, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5411, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reassure", "id": "en-reassure", "inflections": {"past": "reassured", "past_participle": "reassured", "present_participle": "reassuring", "third_person_singular": "reassures"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriːəˈʃuə", "raw": ".ri:ә'ʃuә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reassure"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to feel sure; give reassurance to；give or restore confidence in; cause to feel sure or certain", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "使...安心, 向...再保证；重新保证, 再保险, 使清除疑虑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3456, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3776, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rebel", "id": "en-rebel", "inflections": {"past": "rebelled", "past_participle": "rebelled", "plural": "rebels", "present_participle": "rebelling", "third_person_singular": "rebels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrebl", "raw": "'rebl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rebel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "`Johnny' was applied as a nickname for Confederate soldiers by the Federal soldiers in the American Civil War; `greyback' derived from their grey Confederate uniforms", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "叛徒, 反叛者"}, {"en": "take part in a rebellion; renounce a former allegiance；break with established customs", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "造反, 反抗, 抵抗, 反感"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "造反的, 反抗的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5367, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6331, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rebellion", "id": "en-rebellion", "inflections": {"plural": "rebellions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈbeljən", "raw": "ri'beljәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rebellion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "refusal to accept some authority or code or convention；organized opposition to authority; a conflict in which one faction tries to wrest control from another", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "谋反, 叛乱, 反抗；造反, 反叛, 叛乱"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13900, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 17270, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rebuke", "id": "en-rebuke", "inflections": {"past": "rebuked", "past_participle": "rebuked", "plural": "rebukes", "present_participle": "rebuking", "third_person_singular": "rebukes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈbjuːk", "raw": "ri'bju:k", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rebuke"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an act or expression of criticism and censure", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "指责, 谴责, 非难"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "斥责, 指责, 制止"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1637, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1129, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recall", "id": "en-recall", "inflections": {"past": "recalled", "past_participle": "recalled", "present_participle": "recalling", "third_person_singular": "recalls"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkɒːl", "raw": "ri'kɒ:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recall"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a request by the manufacturer of a defective product to return the product (as for replacement or repair)；a call to return；a bugle call that signals troops to return；the process of remembering (especially the process of recovering information by mental effort)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "回忆, 召回, 撤消"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "回想, 回忆, 召回, 撤消, 使恢复；检索"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3543, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3401, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "receiver", "id": "en-receiver", "inflections": {"plural": "receivers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsiːvə", "raw": "ri'si:vә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "receiver"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "set that receives radio or tv signals；the tennis player who receives the serve；a football player who catches (or is supposed to catch) a forward pass", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "接收器；接受者；收信机；收款员, 接待者"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 630, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 567, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recent", "id": "en-recent", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːsnt", "raw": "'ri:snt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "new", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "最近的, 近代的, 最新的；最近的, 新进的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 822, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 699, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recently", "id": "en-recently", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːsntli", "raw": "'ri:sntli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recently"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in the recent past", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "最近"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2928, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3944, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reception", "id": "en-reception", "inflections": {"plural": "receptions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsepʃən", "raw": "ri'sepʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reception"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the manner in which something is greeted；a formal party of people; as after a wedding；quality or fidelity of a received broadcast；the act of receiving", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "接待, 接受, 招待会；接受, 感受"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2273, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3576, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recession", "id": "en-recession", "inflections": {"plural": "recessions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈseʃən", "raw": "ri'seʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recession"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of the economy declines; a widespread decline in the GDP and employment and trade lasting from six months to a year；the withdrawal of the clergy and choir from the chancel to the vestry at the end of a church service；the act of ceding back", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "后退, 凹处, 衰退, 归还；退缩"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3661, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2509, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recipe", "id": "en-recipe", "inflections": {"plural": "recipes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈresipi", "raw": "'resipi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recipe"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "directions for making something", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "食谱, 处方, 秘诀；取(处方头语), 处方"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5361, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3919, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recipient", "id": "en-recipient", "inflections": {"plural": "recipients"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsipiənt", "raw": "ri'sipiәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recipient"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "领受的, 容易接受的, 感受性强的"}, {"en": "a person who receives something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "领受者, 容纳者, 容器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8842, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10639, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reciprocal", "id": "en-reciprocal", "inflections": {"plural": "reciprocals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsiprəkl", "raw": "ri'siprәkl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reciprocal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "concerning each of two or more persons or things; especially given or done in return；of or relating to the multiplicative inverse of a quantity or function", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "互惠的, 相互的, 相等的, 倒数的, 彼此相反的"}, {"en": "something (a term or expression or concept) that has a reciprocal relation to something else", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "倒数, 互相起作用的事物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8563, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6397, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recite", "id": "en-recite", "inflections": {"past": "recited", "past_participle": "recited", "present_participle": "reciting", "third_person_singular": "recites"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsait", "raw": "ri'sait", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recite"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "repeat aloud from memory；render verbally, \"recite a poem\"", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "背诵, 朗读, 叙述"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8577, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8562, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reckless", "id": "en-reckless", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreklis", "raw": "'reklis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reckless"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "不介意的, 大意的, 鲁莽的, 不顾后果的；不注意的, 粗心大意的, 鲁莽的"}, {"en": "s marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences；s characterized by careless unconcern", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2203, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 8525, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reckon", "id": "en-reckon", "inflections": {"past": "reckoned", "past_participle": "reckoned", "present_participle": "reckoning", "third_person_singular": "reckons"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrekən", "raw": "'rekәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reckon"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "take account of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "计算, 总计, 估计, 认为, 猜想；数, 计算, 估计, 依赖, 料想"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8480, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7452, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reclaim", "id": "en-reclaim", "inflections": {"past": "reclaimed", "past_participle": "reclaimed", "present_participle": "reclaiming", "third_person_singular": "reclaims"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkleim", "raw": "ri'kleim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reclaim"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "claim back；reuse (materials from waste products)；make useful again; transform from a useless or uncultivated state", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "开垦, 改造, 感化, 纠正, 回收；喊叫, 抗议"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1628, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2441, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recognition", "id": "en-recognition", "inflections": {"plural": "recognitions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrekəgˈniʃən", "raw": ".rekәg'niʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recognition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state or quality of being recognized or acknowledged；the process of recognizing something or someone by remembering；approval；(biology) the ability of one molecule to attach to another molecule that has a complementary shape", "pos": "n.", "register": "电", "zh": "赞誉, 认得, 识别, 承认, 认可, 认识；认识"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1571, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 779, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recognize", "id": "en-recognize", "inflections": {"past": "recognized", "past_participle": "recognized", "present_participle": "recognizing", "third_person_singular": "recognizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrekəgnaiz", "raw": "'rekәgnaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recognize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be fully aware or cognizant of；perceive to be the same；exhibit recognition for (an antigen or a substrate)；show approval or appreciation of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "认出, 认可, 承认, 公认, 识别, 赏识；承认, 具结"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14189, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 17984, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recollect", "id": "en-recollect", "inflections": {"past": "recollected", "past_participle": "recollected", "present_participle": "recollecting", "third_person_singular": "recollects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrekəˈlekt", "raw": ".rekә'lekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recollect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "回忆, 回想, 忆起；回忆"}, {"en": "v recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1578, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1688, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recommend", "id": "en-recommend", "inflections": {"past": "recommended", "past_participle": "recommended", "present_participle": "recommending", "third_person_singular": "recommends"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrekəˈmend", "raw": ".rekә'mend", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recommend"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "push for something；make attractive or acceptable", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "推荐, 介绍, 劝告, 使受欢迎, 托付；建议, 推荐"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2208, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 2765, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recommendation", "id": "en-recommendation", "inflections": {"plural": "recommendations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrekəmenˈdeiʃən", "raw": ".rekәmen'deiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recommendation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something (as a course of action) that is recommended as advisable；something that recommends (or expresses commendation of) a person or thing as worthy or desirable；any quality or characteristic that gains a person a favorable reception or acceptance or admission", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "推荐, 介绍, 推荐信, 劝告；建议书"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5586, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6560, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reconcile", "id": "en-reconcile", "inflections": {"past": "reconciled", "past_participle": "reconciled", "present_participle": "reconciling", "third_person_singular": "reconciles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrekənsail", "raw": "'rekәnsail", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reconcile"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "come to terms", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "使和解, 调停, 使和谐, 使一致, 使听从；对帐, 使一致"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 507, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 516, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "record", "id": "en-record", "inflections": {"past": "recorded", "past_participle": "recorded", "plural": "records", "present_participle": "recording", "third_person_singular": "records"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkɒːd", "raw": "ri'kɒ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "record"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "anything (such as a document or a phonograph record or a photograph) providing permanent evidence of or information about past events；the number of wins versus losses and ties a team has had；the sum of recognized accomplishments；a compilation of the known facts regarding something or someone", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "记录, 履历, 档案, 审判记录, 最高纪录, 唱片"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "记录, 记载, 标明, 将...录音；记录, 录音, 可被录音"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "创纪录的；录制, 记录"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4975, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6015, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recorder", "id": "en-recorder", "inflections": {"plural": "recorders"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkɒːdə", "raw": "ri'kɒ:dә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recorder"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "equipment for making records；a barrister or solicitor who serves as part-time judge in towns or boroughs", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "记录员, 录音机；记录器；宏录制器, 记录器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1804, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2131, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "recover", "id": "en-recover", "inflections": {"past": "recovered", "past_participle": "recovered", "present_participle": "recovering", "third_person_singular": "recovers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkʌvə", "raw": "ri'kʌvә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recover"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "get or find back; recover the use of；regain a former condition after a financial loss；regain or make up for；cover anew", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "重新获得, 恢复, 复原, 拯救；痊愈, 复原, 胜诉；恢复"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2256, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2443, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recovery", "id": "en-recovery", "inflections": {"plural": "recoveries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkʌvəri", "raw": "ri'kʌvәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recovery"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "return to an original state；the act of regaining or saving something lost (or in danger of becoming lost)", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "恢复, 复原, 痊愈, 重获；恢复"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5707, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5867, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recreation", "id": "en-recreation", "inflections": {"plural": "recreations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrekriˈeiʃən", "raw": ".rekri'eiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recreation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "娱乐, 消遣, 休息, 再创造；娱乐, 休养"}, {"en": "n an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates；n activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3496, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3314, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recruit", "id": "en-recruit", "inflections": {"past": "recruited", "past_participle": "recruited", "plural": "recruits", "present_participle": "recruiting", "third_person_singular": "recruits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkruːt", "raw": "ri'kru:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recruit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a recently enlisted soldier；any new member or supporter (as in the armed forces)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "新兵, 新手, 新会员, 补给品"}, {"en": "seek to employ；cause to assemble or enlist in the military", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "恢复, 补充, 充实, 征募；征募新兵, 复原, 得到补充"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4219, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 6379, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recruitment", "id": "en-recruitment", "inflections": {"plural": "recruitments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkruːtmənt", "raw": "ri'kru:tmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recruitment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of getting recruits; enlisting people for the army (or for a job or a cause etc.)", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "新兵征召；募集[反应], 募集[现象](生理), 复聪(耳科)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10208, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10058, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rectangle", "id": "en-rectangle", "inflections": {"plural": "rectangles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrektæŋgl", "raw": "'rektæŋgl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rectangle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a parallelogram with four right angles", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "长方形, 矩形；矩形"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8012, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 9527, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rectangular", "id": "en-rectangular", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rekˈtæŋgjulə", "raw": "rek'tæŋgjulә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rectangular"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having four right angles", "pos": "a.", "register": "chem", "zh": "成直角的；矩形的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8609, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14350, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rectify", "id": "en-rectify", "inflections": {"past": "rectified", "past_participle": "rectified", "present_participle": "rectifying", "third_person_singular": "rectifies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrektifai", "raw": "'rektifai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rectify"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "math: determine the length of；set straight or right；convert into direct current", "pos": "vt.", "register": "chem", "zh": "订正, 矫正, 改正, 调正, 校正, 精馏, 整流；精馏"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9676, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13001, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recur", "id": "en-recur", "inflections": {"past": "recurred", "past_participle": "recurred", "present_participle": "recurring", "third_person_singular": "recurs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkəː", "raw": "ri'kә:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recur"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "happen or occur again；return in thought or speech to something", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "复发, 回到, 重现, 再来, 诉诸, 采用, 循环"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8233, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10768, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recurrence", "id": "en-recurrence", "inflections": {"plural": "recurrences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkʌrəns", "raw": "ri'kʌrәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recurrence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "happening again (especially at regular intervals)", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "再现, 再发生, 反复, 循环；复发, 再发"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7344, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5806, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "recycle", "id": "en-recycle", "inflections": {"past": "recycled", "past_participle": "recycled", "present_participle": "recycling", "third_person_singular": "recycles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriːˈsaikl", "raw": ".ri:'saikl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "recycle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to repeat a cycle；use again after processing", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使再循环, 重新利用, 再制"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "再循环"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 567, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 701, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reduce", "id": "en-reduce", "inflections": {"past": "reduced", "past_participle": "reduced", "present_participle": "reducing", "third_person_singular": "reduces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdjuːs", "raw": "ri'dju:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reduce"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cut down on; make a reduction in；make less complex；bring to humbler or weaker state or condition；simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "减少, 分解, 降低, 使衰退, 把...分解, 把...归纳；减少, 减肥, 缩小；缩小"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1554, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2270, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reduction", "id": "en-reduction", "inflections": {"plural": "reductions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʌkʃən", "raw": "ri'dʌkʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reduction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any process in which electrons are added to an atom or ion (as by removing oxygen or adding hydrogen); always occurs accompanied by oxidation of the reducing agent；the act of reducing complexity", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "减少, 缩影, 变化；还原"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4968, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 12969, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "redundant", "id": "en-redundant", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʌndənt", "raw": "ri'dʌndәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "redundant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "多余的, 过多的, 冗长的；过多的, 多余的"}, {"en": "s more than is needed, desired, or required；s repetition of same sense in different words", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7220, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8359, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reed", "id": "en-reed", "inflections": {"plural": "reeds", "present_participle": "reeding"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːd", "raw": "ri:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reed"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites；United States journalist who reported on the October Revolution from Petrograd in 1917; founded the Communist Labor Party in America in 1919; is buried in the Kremlin in Moscow (1887-1920)；United States physician who proved that yellow fever is transmitted by mosquitoes (1851-1902)；a vibrator consisting of a thin strip of stiff material that vibrates to produce a tone when air streams over it", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "芦苇, 芦笛, 簧舌, 纤弱的人"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "用芦苇盖, 用小凸嵌线装饰"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6734, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6352, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reef", "id": "en-reef", "inflections": {"past": "reefed", "past_participle": "reefed", "plural": "reefs", "present_participle": "reefing", "third_person_singular": "reefs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːf", "raw": "ri:f", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reef"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a submerged ridge of rock or coral near the surface of the water；one of several strips across a sail that can be taken in or rolled up to lessen the area of the sail that is exposed to the wind", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "暗礁, 礁, 缩帆"}, {"en": "lower and bring partially inboard；roll up (a portion of a sail) in order to reduce its area", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "缩(帆)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9829, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 7527, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reel", "id": "en-reel", "inflections": {"past": "reeled", "past_participle": "reeled", "plural": "reels", "present_participle": "reeling", "third_person_singular": "reels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːl", "raw": "ri:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a roll of photographic film holding a series of frames to be projected by a movie projector；music composed for dancing a reel；winder consisting of a revolving spool with a handle; attached to a fishing rod；a lively dance of Scottish Highlanders; marked by circular moves and gliding steps", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "卷轴, 一卷, 纺车, 旋转, 蹒跚"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "卷...于轴上, 绕, 使旋转；蹒跚地走, 旋转, 眩晕, 摇晃, 退缩；卷; 盘"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 728, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1156, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refer", "id": "en-refer", "inflections": {"past": "referred", "past_participle": "referred", "present_participle": "referring", "third_person_singular": "refers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfəː", "raw": "ri'fә:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be relevant to；think of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another；send or direct for treatment, information, or a decision；use a name to designate", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "提交, 归诸于, 把...提交, 使求助于；提到, 涉及, 查阅, 查询, 咨询"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4635, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8516, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "referee", "id": "en-referee", "inflections": {"past": "refereed", "past_participle": "refereed", "plural": "referees", "present_participle": "refereeing", "third_person_singular": "referees"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrefəˈriː", "raw": ".refә'ri:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "referee"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(sports) the chief official (as in boxing or American football) who is expected to ensure fair play；an attorney appointed by a court to investigate and report on a case", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "仲裁人, 调解人, 裁判员"}, {"en": "be a referee or umpire in a sports competition；evaluate professionally a colleague's work", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "仲裁, 裁判"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1016, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1904, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reference", "id": "en-reference", "inflections": {"past": "referenced", "past_participle": "referenced", "plural": "references", "present_participle": "referencing", "third_person_singular": "references"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrefərəns", "raw": "'refәrәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reference"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to；the act of referring or consulting；a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to；the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "参考, 索引, 参照"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "给...加上参考资料；引用；引用；引用"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7830, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6600, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refine", "id": "en-refine", "inflections": {"past": "refined", "past_participle": "refined", "present_participle": "refining", "third_person_singular": "refines"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfain", "raw": "ri'fain", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refine"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "treat or prepare so as to put in a usable condition；reduce to a fine, unmixed, or pure state; separate from extraneous matter or cleanse from impurities；attenuate or reduce in vigor, strength, or validity by polishing or purifying；make more precise or increase the discriminatory powers of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "精炼, 净化, 使优雅, 使精炼；被精炼, 被净化"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12519, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9383, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refinery", "id": "en-refinery", "inflections": {"plural": "refineries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfainəri", "raw": "ri'fainәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refinery"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an industrial plant for purifying a crude substance", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "精炼厂；精炼厂炼糖厂"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 885, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1004, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reflect", "id": "en-reflect", "inflections": {"past": "reflected", "past_participle": "reflected", "present_participle": "reflecting", "third_person_singular": "reflects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈflekt", "raw": "ri'flekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reflect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "manifest or bring back；to throw or bend back (from a surface)；be bright by reflecting or casting light；show an image of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "反射, 反映, 招致, 深思；被反射, 映出, 深思, 考虑, 指责"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3018, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2757, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reflection", "id": "en-reflection", "inflections": {"plural": "reflections"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈflekʃən", "raw": "ri'flekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reflection"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface；the image of something as reflected by a mirror (or other reflective material)；(mathematics) a transformation in which the direction of one axis is reversed；the ability to reflect beams or rays", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "反映, 沉思, 映像, 想法, 责难；反射"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reflexion", "id": "en-reflexion", "inflections": {"plural": "reflexions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈflekʃən", "raw": "ri'flekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reflexion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "n the phenomenon of a propagating wave (light or sound) being thrown back from a surface；n expression without words；n a remark expressing careful consideration；n a calm, lengthy, intent consideration；n the ability to reflect beams or rays；n a likeness in which left and right are reversed；n the image of something as reflected by a mirror (or other reflective material)", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "反射[作用], 反折"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1211, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1112, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reform", "id": "en-reform", "inflections": {"past": "reformed", "past_participle": "reformed", "plural": "reforms", "present_participle": "reforming", "third_person_singular": "reforms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfɒːm", "raw": "ri'fɒ:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reform"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses；a campaign aimed to correct abuses or malpractices；self-improvement in behavior or morals by abandoning some vice", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "改革, 改正, 改造"}, {"en": "make changes for improvement in order to remove abuse and injustices", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "改革, 改过, 革新, 重整；革新, 改过"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8458, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9029, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refrain", "id": "en-refrain", "inflections": {"past": "refrained", "past_participle": "refrained", "plural": "refrains", "present_participle": "refraining", "third_person_singular": "refrains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfrein", "raw": "ri'frein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refrain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "重复的话, 叠句, 副歌"}, {"en": "resist doing something", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "节制, 避免, 克制"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11300, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12356, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refresh", "id": "en-refresh", "inflections": {"past": "refreshed", "past_participle": "refreshed", "plural": "refreshes", "present_participle": "refreshing", "third_person_singular": "refreshes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfreʃ", "raw": "ri'freʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refresh"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make (to feel) fresh；make fresh again", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使清新, 使恢复, 使生气蓬勃；提起精神, 恢复精神, 吃点心, 喝饮料；刷新, 重新整理；刷新, 重新整理；刷新, 重新整理"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7812, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14418, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refreshment", "id": "en-refreshment", "inflections": {"plural": "refreshments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfreʃmənt", "raw": "ri'freʃmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refreshment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "snacks and drinks served as a light meal；activity that refreshes and recreates; activity that renews your health and spirits by enjoyment and relaxation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "点心, 起提神作用的事物, 精神爽快"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9857, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 4133, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "refrigerator", "id": "en-refrigerator", "inflections": {"plural": "refrigerators"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfridʒəreitə", "raw": "ri'fridʒәreitә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refrigerator"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "white goods in which food can be stored at low temperatures", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "电冰箱, 冷藏库；冷冻机; 致冷器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5308, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4616, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refuge", "id": "en-refuge", "inflections": {"plural": "refuges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrefjuːdʒ", "raw": "'refju:dʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refuge"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a shelter from danger or hardship", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "避难所, 安全地带, 避难, 庇护"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "躲避；给予...庇护"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2851, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2599, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refugee", "id": "en-refugee", "inflections": {"plural": "refugees"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrefjuˈdʒiː", "raw": ".refju'dʒi:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refugee"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an exile who flees for safety", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "难民, 流亡者；避难者, 流亡者, 难民"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3562, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5933, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "refusal", "id": "en-refusal", "inflections": {"plural": "refusals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfjuːzl", "raw": "ri'fju:zl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refusal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of refusing；a message refusing to accept something that is offered", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "拒绝, 推却, 优先决定权；拒绝, 谢绝, 取舍权"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 936, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1247, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "refuse", "id": "en-refuse", "inflections": {"past": "refused", "past_participle": "refused", "present_participle": "refusing", "third_person_singular": "refuses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfjuːz", "raw": "ri'fju:z", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refuse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "show unwillingness towards；refuse to accept", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "拒绝, 谢绝；拒绝"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "废物"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "扔掉的, 无用的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11177, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11103, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "refute", "id": "en-refute", "inflections": {"past": "refuted", "past_participle": "refuted", "plural": "refutes", "present_participle": "refuting", "third_person_singular": "refutes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈfjuːtˌ riː-", "raw": "ri'fju:t. ri:-", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "refute"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof；prove to be false or incorrect", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "反驳, 驳斥；驳倒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 945, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2084, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "regard", "id": "en-regard", "inflections": {"past": "regarded", "past_participle": "regarded", "present_participle": "regarding", "third_person_singular": "regards"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈgɑːd", "raw": "ri'gɑ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regard"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(usually plural) a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare；a feeling of friendship and esteem", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "关心, 注意, 尊敬, 关系, 问候"}, {"en": "look at attentively", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "视为, 注意, 考虑, 和...有关, 看待；注视, 注意"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3515, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2153, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "regarding", "id": "en-regarding", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": "regard", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈgɑːdiŋ", "raw": "ri'gɑ:diŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regarding"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "prep.", "register": null, "zh": "关于"}, {"en": "v deem to be；v look at attentively；v connect closely and often incriminatingly", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4283, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2899, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regardless", "id": "en-regardless", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈgɑːdlis", "raw": "ri'gɑ:dlis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regardless"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "不管, 不注意, 不顾"}, {"en": "in spite of everything; without regard to drawbacks", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15197, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14883, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regenerate", "id": "en-regenerate", "inflections": {"past": "regenerated", "past_participle": "regenerated", "plural": "regenerates", "present_participle": "regenerating", "third_person_singular": "regenerates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʒenəreit", "raw": "ri'dʒenәreit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regenerate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new；amplify (an electron current) by causing part of the power in the output circuit to act upon the input circuit；return to life; get or give new life or energy；replace (tissue or a body part) through the formation of new tissue", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使再生, 重建, 革新；新生, 再生"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "新生的, 再生的；再生; 重写"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 26374, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 22864, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regenerative", "id": "en-regenerative", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʒenəreitiv", "raw": "ri'dʒenәreitiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regenerative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "Of or pertaining to regeneration; tending to；regenerate; as, regenerative influences.", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "再生的, 更生的, 更新的；再生的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2191, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1848, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regime", "id": "en-regime", "inflections": {"plural": "regimes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "reiˈʒiːm", "raw": "rei'ʒi:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regime"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "政权, 当权期间, 政体, 社会制度, 体制, 情态；制度, 生活制度"}, {"en": "n the organization that is the governing authority of a political unit；n (medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4391, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 10298, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regiment", "id": "en-regiment", "inflections": {"past": "regimented", "past_participle": "regimented", "plural": "regiments", "present_participle": "regimenting", "third_person_singular": "regiments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈredʒimənt", "raw": "'redʒimәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regiment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "army unit smaller than a division", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "（军队）团, 大量（人或物）"}, {"en": "subject to rigid discipline, order, and systematization；form (military personnel) into a regiment；assign to a regiment", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "组编成团，组织，严格管制"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 713, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 793, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "region", "id": "en-region", "inflections": {"plural": "regions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːdʒən", "raw": "'ri:dʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "region"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the extended spatial location of something；a large indefinite location on the surface of the Earth；the approximate amount of something (usually used prepositionally as in `in the region of')；a knowledge domain that you are interested in or are communicating about", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "区域, 地带, 地区, 领域, 范围, 区；区, 区域"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2430, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3173, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "register", "id": "en-register", "inflections": {"past": "registered", "past_participle": "registered", "plural": "registers", "present_participle": "registering", "third_person_singular": "registers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈredʒistə", "raw": "'redʒistә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "register"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an official written record of names or events or transactions；(music) the timbre that is characteristic of a certain range and manner of production of the human voice or of different pipe organ stops or of different musical instruments；a book in which names and transactions are listed；(computer science) memory device that is the part of computer memory that has a specific address and that is used to hold information of a specific kind", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "寄存器, 记录, 登记簿, 注册"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "记录, 注册, 提示, 表达, 把...挂号；登记, 注册, 挂号；寄存器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3773, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4595, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "regret", "id": "en-regret", "inflections": {"past": "regretted", "past_participle": "regretted", "plural": "regrets", "present_participle": "regretting", "third_person_singular": "regrets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈgret", "raw": "ri'gret", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regret"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "遗憾, 后悔, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意"}, {"en": "feel sad about the loss or absence of；decline formally or politely；express with regret", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "为...感到遗憾, 后悔, 惋惜, 懊悔, 抱歉；感到抱歉"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1276, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1370, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "regular", "id": "en-regular", "inflections": {"plural": "regulars"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈregjulə", "raw": "'regjulә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regular"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "规则的, 常例的, 有秩序的, 整齐的, 等边的, 定期的, 经常的, 合格的, 常备军的"}, {"en": "a regular patron；a soldier in the regular army；a dependable follower (especially in party politics)；a garment size for persons of average height and weight", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "正规军, 正式队员；正常体；正常体"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "经常地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9892, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12202, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regularity", "id": "en-regularity", "inflections": {"plural": "regularities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌregjuˈlæriti", "raw": ".regju'læriti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regularity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a property of polygons: the property of having equal sides and equal angles；the quality of being characterized by a fixed principle or rate", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "规则性, 匀整, 正规, 经常；规律性"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2238, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 2818, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "regularly", "id": "en-regularly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈregjuləli", "raw": "'regjulәli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regularly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in a regular manner；having a regular form；in a regular way without variation", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "有规则地, 一丝不苟地, 正式地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3890, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3384, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "regulate", "id": "en-regulate", "inflections": {"past": "regulated", "past_participle": "regulated", "present_participle": "regulating", "third_person_singular": "regulates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈregjuleit", "raw": "'regjuleit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regulate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of；bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "管理, 控制, 调节, 调整, 校准；控制, 管理"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1400, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1675, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "regulation", "id": "en-regulation", "inflections": {"plural": "regulations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌregjuˈleiʃən", "raw": ".regju'leiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "regulation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an authoritative rule；the state of being controlled or governed；(embryology) the ability of an early embryo to continue normal development after its structure has been somehow damaged or altered；the act of bringing to uniformity; making regular", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "规则, 管理, 调整；调整; 规章; 规则; 调节"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5643, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5413, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rehearsal", "id": "en-rehearsal", "inflections": {"plural": "rehearsals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈhəːsl", "raw": "ri'hә:sl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rehearsal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a practice session in preparation for a public performance (as of a play or speech or concert)；(psychology) a form of practice; repetition of information (silently or aloud) in order to keep it in short-term memory", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "预演, 排演, 练习, 叙述, 复述；详述, 列举事实, 复述"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3868, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7626, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reign", "id": "en-reign", "inflections": {"past": "reigned", "past_participle": "reigned", "plural": "reigns", "present_participle": "reigning", "third_person_singular": "reigns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rein", "raw": "rein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reign"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "have sovereign power", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "为王，为君；当政；统治"}, {"en": "a period during which something or somebody is dominant or powerful；the period during which a monarch is sovereign；royal authority; the dominion of a monarch", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "为王，为君；当政；统治"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14990, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11893, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reimburse", "id": "en-reimburse", "inflections": {"past": "reimbursed", "past_participle": "reimbursed", "plural": "reimburses", "present_participle": "reimbursing", "third_person_singular": "reimburses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriːimˈbəːs", "raw": ".ri:im'bә:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reimburse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "pay back for some expense incurred", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "付还, 偿还, 赔偿；偿付, 赔还, 付还; 偿还"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6977, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8629, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rein", "id": "en-rein", "inflections": {"past": "reined", "past_participle": "reined", "plural": "reins", "present_participle": "reining", "third_person_singular": "reins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rein", "raw": "rein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rein"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "one of a pair of long straps (usually connected to the bit or the headpiece) used to control a horse；any means of control", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "缰绳, 统治, 支配"}, {"en": "stop or slow up one's horse or oneself by or as if by pulling the reins；stop or check by or as if by a pull at the reins", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "驾驭, 以缰绳控制, 控制；勒住马"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2839, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3329, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reinforce", "id": "en-reinforce", "inflections": {"past": "reinforced", "past_participle": "reinforced", "present_participle": "reinforcing", "third_person_singular": "reinforces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriːinˈfɒːs", "raw": ".ri:in'fɒ:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reinforce"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make stronger；strengthen and support with rewards", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "加强, 增援, 补充；求援, 得到增援"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "加固材料"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1485, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2029, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reject", "id": "en-reject", "inflections": {"past": "rejected", "past_participle": "rejected", "plural": "rejects", "present_participle": "rejecting", "third_person_singular": "rejects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʒekt", "raw": "ri'dʒekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reject"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "被拒之人, 被弃之物, 不合格品, 次品"}, {"en": "refuse to accept or acknowledge；reject with contempt；refuse entrance or membership", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "拒绝, 抵制, 否决, 驳回, 丢弃, 呕出"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4305, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5003, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rejection", "id": "en-rejection", "inflections": {"plural": "rejections"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʒekʃən", "raw": "ri'dʒekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rejection"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of rejecting something；the state of being rejected；(medicine) an immunological response that refuses to accept substances or organisms that are recognized as foreign", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "拒绝, 抛弃, 驳回, 被抛弃的东西, 呕出物；报废; 拒收"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8553, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10736, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rejoice", "id": "en-rejoice", "inflections": {"past": "rejoiced", "past_participle": "rejoiced", "present_participle": "rejoicing", "third_person_singular": "rejoices"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʒɒis", "raw": "ri'dʒɒis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rejoice"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "feel happiness or joy", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使欢喜；欣喜, 高兴, 庆祝"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 19775, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 18505, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rejuvenate", "id": "en-rejuvenate", "inflections": {"past": "rejuvenated", "past_participle": "rejuvenated", "present_participle": "rejuvenating", "third_person_singular": "rejuvenates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdʒuːvineit", "raw": "ri'dʒu:vineit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rejuvenate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause (a stream or river) to erode, as by an uplift of the land；develop youthful topographical features；make younger or more youthful；become young again", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使年轻, 使复原, 使恢复精神；返老还童, 复原"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 747, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1080, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relate", "id": "en-relate", "inflections": {"past": "related", "past_participle": "related", "present_participle": "relating", "third_person_singular": "relates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈleit", "raw": "ri'leit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "give an account of；be in a relationship with；have or establish a relationship to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "讲, 叙述, 使互相关联；有关, 符合, 相处得好"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 719, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1118, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relation", "id": "en-relation", "inflections": {"plural": "relations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈleiʃən", "raw": "ri'leiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an abstraction belonging to or characteristic of two entities or parts together；an act of narration；(usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "关系, 联系, 叙述, 故事, 家属, 亲戚；关系"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 532, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 486, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relationship", "id": "en-relationship", "inflections": {"plural": "relationships"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈleiʃənʃip", "raw": "ri'leiʃәnʃip", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relationship"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a relation between people; (`relationship' is often used where `relation' would serve, as in `the relationship between inflation and unemployment', but the preferred usage of `relationship' is for human relations or states of relatedness)；a state of connectedness between people (especially an emotional connection)；a state involving mutual dealings between people or parties or countries", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "关系, 关联；关系"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2255, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2428, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relative", "id": "en-relative", "inflections": {"plural": "relatives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrelətiv", "raw": "'relәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person related by blood or marriage；an animal or plant that bears a relationship to another (as related by common descent or by membership in the same genus)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "亲戚, 关系词"}, {"en": "estimated by comparison; not absolute or complete", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "有关系的, 相对的, 比较的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1237, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 1462, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relatively", "id": "en-relatively", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrelətivli", "raw": "'relәtivli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relatively"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in a relative manner; by comparison to something else", "pos": "ad.", "register": "comp", "zh": "相对地, 比较地, 相当地, 相关地；相对地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12846, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11500, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "relativity", "id": "en-relativity", "inflections": {"plural": "relativities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreləˈtiviti", "raw": ".relә'tiviti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relativity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(physics) the theory that space and time are relative concepts rather than absolute concepts；the quality of being relative and having significance only in relation to something else", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "有关系, 相关性, 相对性；相对性"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2535, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2861, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relax", "id": "en-relax", "inflections": {"past": "relaxed", "past_participle": "relaxed", "present_participle": "relaxing", "third_person_singular": "relaxes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlæks", "raw": "ri'læks", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relax"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "become less tense, rest, or take one's ease；make less taut；cause to feel relaxed；become less tense, less formal, or less restrained, and assume a friendlier manner", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "放松, 松懈, 松弛, 变从容, 休息, 休养；使松弛, 缓和, 使松懈, 使休息"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11282, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8326, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "relay", "id": "en-relay", "inflections": {"past": "relayed", "past_participle": "relayed", "plural": "relays", "present_participle": "relaying", "third_person_singular": "relays"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːlei", "raw": "'ri:lei", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relay"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of passing something along from one person or group to another；a crew of workers who relieve another crew；a fresh team to relieve weary draft animals；a race between teams; each member runs or swims part of the distance", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "驿马, 替班, 中继, 接力"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "分程传递, 转播, 使接替；接力传送, 转播"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1232, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 1120, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "release", "id": "en-release", "inflections": {"past": "released", "past_participle": "released", "plural": "releases", "present_participle": "releasing", "third_person_singular": "releases"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈliːs", "raw": "ri'li:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "release"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "merchandise issued for sale or public showing (especially a record or film)；a process that liberates or discharges something；a device that when pressed will release part of a mechanism；activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "释放, 发泄, 豁免, 发行, 释放证书；发布；版本, 发布"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "释放, 解除, 放松, 豁免, 免除, 发布, 放弃, 让与"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9742, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 9699, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "relegate", "id": "en-relegate", "inflections": {"past": "relegated", "past_participle": "relegated", "present_participle": "relegating", "third_person_singular": "relegates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreligeit", "raw": "'religeit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relegate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "refer to another person for decision or judgment；assign to a class or kind", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "驱逐, 使降低地位, 把...归类, 把...委托给；流放, 判流放刑, 驱逐"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1241, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2814, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relevant", "id": "en-relevant", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrelivənt", "raw": "'relivәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relevant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "有关联的, 有关系的, 适当的, 相应的；有关的, 相关的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6672, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 4202, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reliability", "id": "en-reliability", "inflections": {"plural": "reliabilities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˌlaiəˈbiliti", "raw": "ri.laiә'biliti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reliability"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "信度, 可靠性；可靠性"}, {"en": "n the quality of being dependable or reliable", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3271, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3504, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reliable", "id": "en-reliable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlaiəbl", "raw": "ri'laiәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reliable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "worthy of reliance or trust", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "可靠的, 可信赖的；可靠的, 可信赖的, 确实的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6173, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 6942, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reliance", "id": "en-reliance", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlaiəns", "raw": "ri'laiәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reliance"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "certainty based on past experience；the state of relying on something", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "信任, 信赖, 受信赖的人(或事)；信任, 信赖, 信心"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1391, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1812, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "relief", "id": "en-relief", "inflections": {"plural": "reliefs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈliːf", "raw": "ri'li:f", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relief"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the feeling that comes when something burdensome is removed or reduced；the condition of being comfortable or relieved (especially after being relieved of distress)；(law) redress awarded by a court；assistance in time of difficulty", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "减轻, 解除, 救济, 安慰, 调剂, 浮雕, 换班, (地势的)起伏；缓减, 减轻, 浮雕(绘画中)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4260, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3764, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "relieve", "id": "en-relieve", "inflections": {"past": "relieved", "past_participle": "relieved", "present_participle": "relieving", "third_person_singular": "relieves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈliːv", "raw": "ri'li:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "relieve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "provide physical relief, as from pain；free from a burden, evil, or distress；take by stealing；alleviate or remove (pressure or stress) or make less oppressive", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "减轻, 救济, 解除, 使免除, 换...的班, 使得到调剂, 使不单调, 衬托, 使显著；救济, 当替补投手, 呈鲜明突出"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1819, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1383, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "religion", "id": "en-religion", "inflections": {"plural": "religions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlidʒən", "raw": "ri'lidʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "religion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny；an institution to express belief in a divine power", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "宗教, 信仰；宗教, 宗教信仰, 信仰"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1444, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 884, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "religious", "id": "en-religious", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlidʒəs", "raw": "ri'lidʒәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "religious"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church；having or showing belief in and reverence for a deity；of or relating to clergy bound by monastic vows", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "宗教性的, 虔诚的, 宗教上的, 严谨的"}, {"en": "a member of a religious order who is bound by vows of poverty and chastity and obedience", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "修道士, 出家人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3511, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3900, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reluctant", "id": "en-reluctant", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlʌktənt", "raw": "ri'lʌktәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reluctant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "disinclined to become involved；not eager", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "不情愿的, 勉强的；不愿的, 勉强的, 难以处理的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1734, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1857, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rely", "id": "en-rely", "inflections": {"past": "relied", "past_participle": "relied", "present_participle": "relying", "third_person_singular": "relies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈlai", "raw": "ri'lai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rely"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "信赖, 依赖, 信任"}, {"en": "v have confidence or faith in", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 344, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 426, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remain", "id": "en-remain", "inflections": {"past": "remained", "past_participle": "remained", "plural": "remains", "present_participle": "remaining", "third_person_singular": "remains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmein", "raw": "ri'mein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be left; of persons, questions, problems, results, evidence, etc.", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "保持, 逗留, 剩余；停留, 居住, 继续"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3955, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6805, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "remainder", "id": "en-remainder", "inflections": {"past": "remaindered", "past_participle": "remaindered", "plural": "remainders", "present_participle": "remaindering", "third_person_singular": "remainders"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmeində", "raw": "ri'meindә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remainder"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something left after other parts have been taken away；the part of the dividend that is left over when the dividend is not evenly divisible by the divisor；the number that remains after subtraction; the number that when added to the subtrahend gives the minuend", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "剩余物, 其他人, 残余, 余数"}, {"en": "sell cheaply as remainders", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "削价出售(图书)"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "剩余的, 出售削价剩书的；余数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4358, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5315, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remains", "id": "en-remains", "inflections": {"plural": "remains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "remain", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmeins", "raw": "ri'meins", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remains"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any object that is left unused or still extant", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "剩余物, 废墟, 残余；遗体, 尸体, 遗骸"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2581, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3389, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remark", "id": "en-remark", "inflections": {"past": "remarked", "past_participle": "remarked", "plural": "remarks", "present_participle": "remarking", "third_person_singular": "remarks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmɑːk", "raw": "ri'mɑ:k", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remark"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information；explicit notice", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "评论, 注意"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "评论, 注意；评论, 谈论；注释"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2423, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2708, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remarkable", "id": "en-remarkable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmɑːkəbl", "raw": "ri'mɑ:kәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remarkable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "unusual or striking", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "不平常的, 值得注意的, 显著的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3157, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5111, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "remedy", "id": "en-remedy", "inflections": {"past": "remedied", "past_participle": "remedied", "plural": "remedies", "present_participle": "remedying", "third_person_singular": "remedies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈremidi", "raw": "'remidi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remedy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "药物, 治疗法, 治疗, 补救, 赔偿"}, {"en": "provide relief for", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "治疗, 补救, 矫正, 改善, 修补, 修缮"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1700, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1458, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remind", "id": "en-remind", "inflections": {"past": "reminded", "past_participle": "reminded", "present_participle": "reminding", "third_person_singular": "reminds"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmaind", "raw": "ri'maind", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remind"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "put in the mind of someone", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "提醒, 使想起"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7533, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6394, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "remnant", "id": "en-remnant", "inflections": {"plural": "remnants"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈremnənt", "raw": "'remnәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remnant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "剩余, 零料, 遗迹"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "剩余的, 残余的"}, {"en": "n a small part or portion that remains after the main part no longer exists；n a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2684, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2778, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remote", "id": "en-remote", "inflections": {"comparative": "remoter", "superlative": "remotest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈməut", "raw": "ri'mәut", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remote"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "遥远的, 偏僻的, 疏远的, 微少的；远程, 远程访问实用程序"}, {"en": "n a device that can be used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance；s located far away spatially；s very unlikely；s separate or apart in time；s inaccessible and sparsely populated;；a far apart in relevance or relationship or kinship", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3305, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4711, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "removal", "id": "en-removal", "inflections": {"plural": "removals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmuːvl", "raw": "ri'mu:vl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "removal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of removing；dismissal from office", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "移动, 移居, 迁移, 排除, 切除；切除, 除去"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 866, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 876, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "remove", "id": "en-remove", "inflections": {"past": "removed", "past_participle": "removed", "present_participle": "removing", "third_person_singular": "removes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈmuːv", "raw": "ri'mu:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "remove"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "remove something concrete, as by lifting, pushing, or taking off, or remove something abstract；remove from a position or an office；shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "移动, 调动, 除去, 迁移, 开除, 移交；迁移, 移动, 搬家"}, {"en": "degree of figurative distance or separation;", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "班级, 升级, 移动, 搬家, 间距；删除"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5428, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 11032, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "renaissance", "id": "en-renaissance", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈneisəns", "raw": "ri'neisәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "renaissance"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world; a cultural rebirth from the 14th through the middle of the 17th centuries", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "复活, 复兴, 文艺复兴"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "文艺复兴的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3315, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3537, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "render", "id": "en-render", "inflections": {"past": "rendered", "past_participle": "rendered", "present_participle": "rendering", "third_person_singular": "renders"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrendə", "raw": "'rendә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "render"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to become；give or supply；pass down", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "回报, 给于, 付给, 汇报, 提出, 舍弃, 反映, 表示, 表演, 致使, 执行, 实施；给予补偿"}, {"en": "a substance similar to stucco but exclusively applied to masonry walls", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "交纳, 打底"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4932, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 5526, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "renew", "id": "en-renew", "inflections": {"past": "renewed", "past_participle": "renewed", "present_participle": "renewing", "third_person_singular": "renews"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈnjuː", "raw": "ri'nju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "renew"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使更新, 使恢复, 复兴, 修补, 补充, 继续, 重订, 重申, 续借；更新, 重新开始"}, {"en": "v reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new；v cause to appear in a new form", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12063, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 7265, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "renovation", "id": "en-renovation", "inflections": {"plural": "renovations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrenəuˈveiʃən", "raw": ".renәu'veiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "renovation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of improving by renewing and restoring；the state of being restored to its former good condition", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "革新, 刷新, 修理；改建"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2386, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3433, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rent", "id": "en-rent", "inflections": {"past": "rented", "past_participle": "rented", "plural": "rents", "present_participle": "renting", "third_person_singular": "rents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "rent", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rent", "raw": "rent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a payment or series of payments made by the lessee to an owner for use of some property, facility, equipment, or service；the act of rending or ripping or splitting something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "租金, 房租, 出租物, 裂缝, 破裂处, 分裂"}, {"en": "let for money；hold under a lease or rental agreement; of goods and services", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "租用, 租出；出租"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "分裂的, 破裂的；rend的过去式和过去分词"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2940, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3874, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "repair", "id": "en-repair", "inflections": {"past": "repaired", "past_participle": "repaired", "plural": "repairs", "present_participle": "repairing", "third_person_singular": "repairs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpєə", "raw": "ri'pєә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repair"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of putting something in working order again；a formal way of referring to the condition of something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "修理, 补救, 修复"}, {"en": "restore by replacing a part or putting together what is torn or broken；move, travel, or proceed toward some place", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "修理, 修补, 补救, 恢复, 补偿；修理, 修补, 补救, 恢复, 去, 常去, 集合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5271, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7971, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "repay", "id": "en-repay", "inflections": {"past": "repaid", "past_participle": "repaid", "present_participle": "repaying", "third_person_singular": "repays"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpei", "raw": "ri'pei", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repay"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "偿还, 报答, 报复"}, {"en": "v pay back；v make repayment for or return something；v act or give recompense in recognition of someone's behavior or actions；v answer back", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12067, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9535, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "repeal", "id": "en-repeal", "inflections": {"past": "repealed", "past_participle": "repealed", "plural": "repeals", "present_participle": "repealing", "third_person_singular": "repeals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpiːl", "raw": "ri'pi:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repeal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "废止, 撤消"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "废止, 撤消, 放弃"}, {"en": "n the act of abrogating; an official or legal cancellation；v cancel officially", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1398, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1602, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "repeat", "id": "en-repeat", "inflections": {"past": "repeated", "past_participle": "repeated", "plural": "repeats", "present_participle": "repeating", "third_person_singular": "repeats"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpiːt", "raw": "ri'pi:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repeat"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an event that repeats", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "重复, 反复"}, {"en": "to say, state, or perform again；to say again or imitate；do over", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "重做, 重复, 复述, 使再现, 复制；重复；重复"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4718, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3245, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "repeatedly", "id": "en-repeatedly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpiːtidli", "raw": "ri'pi:tidli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repeatedly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "several time", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "重复地, 再三地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11198, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11198, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "repel", "id": "en-repel", "inflections": {"past": "repelled", "past_participle": "repelled", "present_participle": "repelling", "third_person_singular": "repels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpel", "raw": "ri'pel", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to move back by force or influence；be repellent to; cause aversion in；force or drive back", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "逐退, 抵制, 使厌恶, 抗御；使厌恶, 相互排斥"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15104, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 16583, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "repent", "id": "en-repent", "inflections": {"past": "repented", "past_participle": "repented", "present_participle": "repenting", "third_person_singular": "repents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpent", "raw": "ri'pent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "turn away from sin or do penitence；feel remorse for; feel sorry for; be contrite about", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "后悔, 懊悔, 忏悔；后悔"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "匍匐生根的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7794, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7784, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "repertoire", "id": "en-repertoire", "inflections": {"plural": "repertoires"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrepətwɑː", "raw": "'repәtwɑ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repertoire"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a collection of works (plays, songs, operas, ballets) that an artist or company can perform and do perform for short intervals on a regular schedule", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "全部剧目, 全部技能, 全部节目, 全部作品"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5293, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5821, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "repetition", "id": "en-repetition", "inflections": {"plural": "repetitions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrepiˈtiʃən", "raw": ".repi'tiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "repetition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of doing or performing again；the repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device", "pos": "n.", "register": "机", "zh": "重复, 背诵, 循环, 复制品, 副本；重复, 反复"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 894, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1182, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "replace", "id": "en-replace", "inflections": {"past": "replaced", "past_participle": "replaced", "present_participle": "replacing", "third_person_singular": "replaces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpleis", "raw": "ri'pleis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "replace"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected)；put something back where it belongs", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "代替, 替换, 放回, 归还；替换; DOS外部命令:取代或更新文件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2742, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3656, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "replacement", "id": "en-replacement", "inflections": {"plural": "replacements"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpleismənt", "raw": "ri'pleismәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "replacement"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of furnishing an equivalent person or thing in the place of another", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "归还, 更换, 代替者；复位, 置换"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1286, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2219, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reply", "id": "en-reply", "inflections": {"past": "replied", "past_participle": "replied", "plural": "replies", "present_participle": "replying", "third_person_singular": "replies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈplai", "raw": "ri'plai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reply"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "答复, 回答, 答辩"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "答复, 回答, 回击, 反响, 答辩；回答；答复"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3671, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1286, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reporter", "id": "en-reporter", "inflections": {"plural": "reporters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpɒːtə", "raw": "ri'pɒ:tә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reporter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who investigates and reports or edits news stories", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "记者, 报告者；指示器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 645, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 687, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "represent", "id": "en-represent", "inflections": {"past": "represented", "past_participle": "represented", "present_participle": "representing", "third_person_singular": "represents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrepriˈzent", "raw": ".repri'zent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "represent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "take the place of or be parallel or equivalent to；be representative or typical for；be a delegate or spokesperson for; represent somebody's interest or be a proxy or substitute for, as of politicians and office holders representing their constituents, or of a tenant representing other tenants in a housing dispute；serve as a means of expressing something", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "表现, 表示, 描绘, 讲述, 代表, 象征, 回忆, 再赠送, 再上演；提出异议"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1828, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2908, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "representation", "id": "en-representation", "inflections": {"plural": "representations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreprizenˈteiʃən", "raw": ".reprizen'teiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "representation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image；a creation that is a visual or tangible rendering of someone or something；the act of representing; standing in for someone or some group and speaking with authority in their behalf；the state of serving as an official and authorized delegate or agent", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "表示法, 表现, 陈述, 代表；表示法指定"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1470, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1976, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "representative", "id": "en-representative", "inflections": {"plural": "representatives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrepriˈzentətiv", "raw": ".repri'zentәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "representative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who represents others", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "代表, 众议员, 典型"}, {"en": "serving to represent or typify；standing for something else；being or characteristic of government by representation in which citizens exercise power through elected officers and representatives", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "描写的, 表现的, 代理的, 代表的, 代议制的, 典型的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14678, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 18288, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reproach", "id": "en-reproach", "inflections": {"past": "reproached", "past_participle": "reproached", "plural": "reproaches", "present_participle": "reproaching", "third_person_singular": "reproaches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈprəutʃ", "raw": "ri'prәutʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reproach"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a mild rebuke or criticism；disgrace or shame", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "责备, 耻辱"}, {"en": "express criticism towards", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "责备, 申斥, 使丢脸"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4151, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4987, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reproduce", "id": "en-reproduce", "inflections": {"past": "reproduced", "past_participle": "reproduced", "present_participle": "reproducing", "third_person_singular": "reproduces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriːprəˈdjuːs", "raw": ".ri:prә'dju:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reproduce"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make a copy or equivalent of；have offspring or produce more individuals of a given animal or plant；recreate a sound, image, idea, mood, atmosphere, etc.", "pos": "v.", "register": "comp", "zh": "繁殖, 再生, 复制, 生殖；复制"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4803, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5658, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reproduction", "id": "en-reproduction", "inflections": {"plural": "reproductions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌriːprəˈdʌkʃən", "raw": ".ri:prә'dʌkʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reproduction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the process of generating offspring；recall that is hypothesized to work by storing the original stimulus input and reproducing it during recall；the act of making copies；the sexual activity of conceiving and bearing offspring", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "再现, 复制, 生殖, 繁殖, 复制品；生殖, 复现(心理)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10544, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10530, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reptile", "id": "en-reptile", "inflections": {"plural": "reptiles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreptail", "raw": "'reptail", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reptile"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any cold-blooded vertebrate of the class Reptilia including tortoises, turtles, snakes, lizards, alligators, crocodiles, and extinct forms", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "爬行动物, 爬虫, 卑鄙的人"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "爬行的, 爬虫类的, 卑鄙的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1632, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3709, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "republic", "id": "en-republic", "inflections": {"plural": "republics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpʌblik", "raw": "ri'pʌblik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "republic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "共和国, 共和政体, 团体, 界"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4062, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 594, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "republican", "id": "en-republican", "inflections": {"plural": "republicans"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈpʌblikən", "raw": "ri'pʌblikәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "republican"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a member of the Republican Party；an advocate of a republic (usually in opposition to a monarchy)；a tributary of the Kansas River that flows from eastern Colorado eastward through Nebraska and Kansas", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "共和主义者, 共和党员"}, {"en": "relating to or belonging to the Republican Party", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "共和政体的, 共和国的, 共和主义的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2235, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2411, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reputation", "id": "en-reputation", "inflections": {"plural": "reputations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrepjuˈteiʃən", "raw": ".repju'teiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reputation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "notoriety for some particular characteristic；the general estimation that the public has for a person", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "名誉, 名声, 声望；名声, 名誉, 公认证据"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1821, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2116, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "request", "id": "en-request", "inflections": {"past": "requested", "past_participle": "requested", "plural": "requests", "present_participle": "requesting", "third_person_singular": "requests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkwest", "raw": "ri'kwest", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "request"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority；the verbal act of requesting", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "请求, 需要, 申请书"}, {"en": "express the need or desire for; ask for；ask (a person) to do something", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "请求, 要求, 邀请；请求"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 321, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 446, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "require", "id": "en-require", "inflections": {"past": "required", "past_participle": "required", "present_participle": "requiring", "third_person_singular": "requires"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkwaiə", "raw": "ri'kwaiә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "require"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "需要, 命令, 要求；需要, 要求, 命令"}, {"en": "v require as useful, just, or proper；v consider obligatory; request and expect；v make someone do something；v have need of", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1078, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1885, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "requirement", "id": "en-requirement", "inflections": {"plural": "requirements"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈkwaiəmənt", "raw": "ri'kwaiәmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "requirement"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "required activity", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "需求, 必要条件, 要求；要求; 合同要求"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11947, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12141, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "requisite", "id": "en-requisite", "inflections": {"plural": "requisites"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrekwizit", "raw": "'rekwizit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "requisite"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "必需品, 要素, 必要物品"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "必要的, 需要的"}, {"en": "n anything indispensable；s necessary for relief or supply", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3918, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3815, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rescue", "id": "en-rescue", "inflections": {"past": "rescued", "past_participle": "rescued", "plural": "rescues", "present_participle": "rescuing", "third_person_singular": "rescues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈreskjuː", "raw": "'reskju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rescue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "recovery or preservation from loss or danger", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "援救, 解救, 营救"}, {"en": "free from harm or evil；take forcibly from legal custody", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "援救, 救出, 营救"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 357, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 362, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "research", "id": "en-research", "inflections": {"past": "researched", "past_participle": "researched", "plural": "researches", "present_participle": "researching", "third_person_singular": "researches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsəːtʃ", "raw": "ri'sә:tʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "research"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "systematic investigation to establish facts", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "研究, 调查, 考察"}, {"en": "attempt to find out in a systematically and scientific manner；inquire into", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "研究, 调查"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2411, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 1177, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "researcher", "id": "en-researcher", "inflections": {"plural": "researchers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːˈsəːtʃə", "raw": "ri:'sә:tʃә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "researcher"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "研究人员"}, {"en": "n a scientist who devotes himself to doing research", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6479, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7553, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resemblance", "id": "en-resemblance", "inflections": {"plural": "resemblances"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzembləns", "raw": "ri'zemblәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resemblance"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "similarity in appearance or external or superficial details", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "相似处, 类似, 肖像"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3822, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3058, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resemble", "id": "en-resemble", "inflections": {"past": "resembled", "past_participle": "resembled", "present_participle": "resembling", "third_person_singular": "resembles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzembl", "raw": "ri'zembl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resemble"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "相似, 类似"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5944, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6430, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resent", "id": "en-resent", "inflections": {"past": "resented", "past_participle": "resented", "present_participle": "resenting", "third_person_singular": "resents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "resent", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzent", "raw": "ri'zent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "feel bitter or indignant about", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "愤恨, 憎恶, 怨恨"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5323, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5813, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resentment", "id": "en-resentment", "inflections": {"plural": "resentments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzentmənt", "raw": "ri'zentmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resentment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a feeling of deep and bitter anger and ill-will", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "怨恨, 愤恨"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4139, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3046, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reservation", "id": "en-reservation", "inflections": {"plural": "reservations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrezəˈveiʃən", "raw": ".rezә'veiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reservation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a district that is reserved for particular purpose；a statement that limits or restricts some claim；the written record or promise of an arrangement by which accommodations are secured in advance；something reserved in advance (as a hotel accommodation or a seat on a plane etc.)", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "保留, 预定, 保留品, 保留地；预定, 预约, 权益保留"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2475, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3740, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reserve", "id": "en-reserve", "inflections": {"past": "reserved", "past_participle": "reserved", "plural": "reserves", "present_participle": "reserving", "third_person_singular": "reserves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzəːv", "raw": "ri'zә:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reserve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something kept back or saved for future use or a special purpose；(medicine) potential capacity to respond in order to maintain vital functions；the trait of being uncommunicative; not volunteering anything more than necessary", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "储备品, 贮量, 后备军, 自然保护区, 保留, 拘谨, 节制, 储备金"}, {"en": "hold back or set aside, especially for future use or contingency", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "保留, 保存, 预订, 延期, 推迟"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5419, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5907, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reservoir", "id": "en-reservoir", "inflections": {"plural": "reservoirs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrezəvwɑː", "raw": "'rezәvwɑ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reservoir"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a large or extra supply of something；lake used to store water for community use；tank used for collecting and storing a liquid (as water or oil)；anything (a person or animal or plant or substance) in which an infectious agent normally lives and multiplies", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "贮水池, 贮藏处, 贮备, 水库"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "储藏"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6499, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5284, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reside", "id": "en-reside", "inflections": {"past": "resided", "past_participle": "resided", "present_participle": "residing", "third_person_singular": "resides"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzaid", "raw": "ri'zaid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reside"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make one's home in a particular place or community", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "住, 居留, 属于；居住"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3658, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3766, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "residence", "id": "en-residence", "inflections": {"plural": "residences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrezidəns", "raw": "'rezidәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "residence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any address at which you dwell more than temporarily；the official house or establishment of an important person (as a sovereign or president)", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "住宅, 居留, 驻扎, 居住期间；住房"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2053, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1254, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "resident", "id": "en-resident", "inflections": {"plural": "residents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrezidənt", "raw": "'rezidәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resident"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who lives at a particular place for a prolonged period or who was born there", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "居民, 常驻程序, 居住者, 留鸟"}, {"en": "living in a particular place", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "居留的, 定居的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2791, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3828, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "residential", "id": "en-residential", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreziˈdenʃəl", "raw": ".rezi'denʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "residential"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "used or designed for residence or limited to residences；of or relating to or connected with residence", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "住宅的, 与居住有关的；有关居住的, 房产的:居所的, 适于居住的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7109, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7792, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "residual", "id": "en-residual", "inflections": {"plural": "residuals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrezidjuːl", "raw": "'rezidju:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "residual"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "relating to or indicating a remainder", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "残渣的, 剩余的"}, {"en": "(often plural) a payment that is made to a performer or writer or director of a television show or commercial that is paid for every repeat showing", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "残渣, 剩余, 余数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2549, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3390, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resign", "id": "en-resign", "inflections": {"past": "resigned", "past_participle": "resigned", "present_participle": "resigning", "third_person_singular": "resigns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzain", "raw": "ri'zain", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resign"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "accept as inevitable", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "辞职, 放弃, 使顺从；辞职, 屈从"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3144, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 5762, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resignation", "id": "en-resignation", "inflections": {"plural": "resignations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrezigˈneiʃən", "raw": ".rezig'neiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resignation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "acceptance of despair；the act of giving up (a claim or office or possession etc.)；a formal document giving notice of your intention to resign", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "辞职, 辞呈, 听从；辞职"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2415, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2470, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "resist", "id": "en-resist", "inflections": {"past": "resisted", "past_participle": "resisted", "present_participle": "resisting", "third_person_singular": "resists"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzist", "raw": "ri'zist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resist"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "stand up or offer resistance to somebody or something；withstand the force of something；resist immunologically the introduction of some foreign tissue or organ；refuse to comply", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "抵抗, 耐得住, 抵制, 反抗"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "防染材料"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2311, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2226, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "resistance", "id": "en-resistance", "inflections": {"plural": "resistances"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzistəns", "raw": "ri'zistәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resistance"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with；any mechanical force that tends to retard or oppose motion；the military action of resisting the enemy's advance；the capacity of an organism to defend itself against harmful environmental agents", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "抵抗力, 反抗, 耐力, 阻力, 电阻；抵抗; 抗性; 阻力; 抗药性; 电阻"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7235, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6664, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resistant", "id": "en-resistant", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzistənt", "raw": "ri'zistәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resistant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "抵抗者, 反抗者"}, {"en": "impervious to being affected", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "抵抗的, 反抗的, 耐...的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14211, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14975, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resolute", "id": "en-resolute", "inflections": {"plural": "resolutes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrezəluːt", "raw": "'rezәlu:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resolute"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "果断的人"}, {"en": "firm in purpose or belief; characterized by firmness and determination", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "坚决的, 刚毅的, 毅然的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2064, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1968, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resolution", "id": "en-resolution", "inflections": {"plural": "resolutions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrezəˈluːʃən", "raw": ".rezә'lu:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resolution"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a formal expression by a meeting; agreed to by a vote；finding a solution to a problem；analysis into clear-cut components；(computer science) the number of pixels per square inch on a computer-generated display; the greater the resolution, the better the picture", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "解析, 决心, 坚定, 决定, 决议, 消除, 解答, 分解；图形分辨率；图形分辨率"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2174, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2242, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "resolve", "id": "en-resolve", "inflections": {"past": "resolved", "past_participle": "resolved", "present_participle": "resolving", "third_person_singular": "resolves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzɒlv", "raw": "ri'zɒlv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resolve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make clearly visible；find the solution", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "决定, 分解, 决心；使分解, 解析, 解决, 消除, 决心"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "决定之事, 决心, 坚决"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9855, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7935, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resonance", "id": "en-resonance", "inflections": {"plural": "resonances"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrezənəns", "raw": "'rezәnәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resonance"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an excited state of a stable particle causing a sharp maximum in the probability of absorption of electromagnetic radiation；a vibration of large amplitude produced by a relatively small vibration near the same frequency of vibration as the natural frequency of the resonating system；the quality imparted to voiced speech sounds by the action of the resonating chambers of the throat and mouth and nasal cavities", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "共鸣, 回声, 反响, 谐振, 共振；共振; 共鸣"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3200, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2684, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "resort", "id": "en-resort", "inflections": {"past": "resorted", "past_participle": "resorted", "plural": "resorts", "present_participle": "resorting", "third_person_singular": "resorts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzɒːt", "raw": "ri'zɒ:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resort"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a hotel located in a resort area", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "度假胜地, 手段, 凭借, 常去之地"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "诉诸, 常去"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 786, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 769, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "resource", "id": "en-resource", "inflections": {"past": "resourced", "past_participle": "resourced", "plural": "resources", "present_participle": "resourcing"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈsɒːs", "raw": "ri'sɒ:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resource"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "available source of wealth; a new or reserve supply that can be drawn upon when needed；a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed；the ability to deal resourcefully with unusual problems", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "资源, 财力, 办法, 策略, 急智, 消遣；资源"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1476, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1554, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "respect", "id": "en-respect", "inflections": {"past": "respected", "past_participle": "respected", "plural": "respects", "present_participle": "respecting", "third_person_singular": "respects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspekt", "raw": "ri'spekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "respect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(usually preceded by `in') a detail or point；an attitude of admiration or esteem", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "尊敬, 尊重, 问候"}, {"en": "regard highly; think much of；show respect towards", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "尊敬, 注意, 遵守"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4946, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7353, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "respectable", "id": "en-respectable", "inflections": {"plural": "respectables"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspektəbl", "raw": "ri'spektәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "respectable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "characterized by socially or conventionally acceptable morals", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "值得尊重的, 人格高尚的, 相当数量的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "品格高尚的人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13810, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8374, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "respectful", "id": "en-respectful", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspektful", "raw": "ri'spektful", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "respectful"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "full of or exhibiting respect；feeling or manifesting veneration", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "表示尊敬的, 有礼貌的, 谦恭的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5015, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5883, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "respective", "id": "en-respective", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspektiv", "raw": "ri'spektiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "respective"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "considered individually", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "分别的, 各自的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2622, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3726, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "respectively", "id": "en-respectively", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspektivli", "raw": "ri'spektivli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "respectively"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in the order given", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "各自地, 独自地, 个别地, 分别地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1313, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 920, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "respond", "id": "en-respond", "inflections": {"past": "responded", "past_participle": "responded", "present_participle": "responding", "third_person_singular": "responds"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspɒnd", "raw": "ri'spɒnd", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "respond"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "respond favorably or as hoped", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "以...回答；回答, 响应, 回报, 有反应, 承担责任"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 798, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 725, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "response", "id": "en-response", "inflections": {"plural": "responses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspɒns", "raw": "ri'spɒns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "response"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a result；a phrase recited or sung by the congregation following a versicle by the priest or minister；the manner in which an electrical or mechanical device responds to an input signal or a range of input signals", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "反应, 回答, 响应；应答"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 830, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1067, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "responsibility", "id": "en-responsibility", "inflections": {"plural": "responsibilities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˌspɒnsəˈbiliti", "raw": "ri.spɒnsә'biliti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "responsibility"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a form of trustworthiness; the trait of being answerable to someone for something or being responsible for one's conduct", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "责任, 职责, 负担, 可靠性；职责"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1054, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1365, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "responsible", "id": "en-responsible", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈspɒnsəbl", "raw": "ri'spɒnsәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "responsible"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "worthy of or requiring responsibility or trust; or held accountable；being the agent or cause", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "有责任的, 负责的, 责任重大的；应负责任的, 有责任的, 能履行责任的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7077, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7303, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "restless", "id": "en-restless", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrestlis", "raw": "'restlis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "restless"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "worried and uneasy；ceaselessly in motion；lacking or not affording physical or mental rest", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "不安静的, 慌张的, 休息不充分的；不安静的, 不宁的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2217, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2543, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "restore", "id": "en-restore", "inflections": {"past": "restored", "past_participle": "restored", "present_participle": "restoring", "third_person_singular": "restores"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈstɒː", "raw": "ri'stɒ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "restore"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "return to its original or usable and functioning condition；give or bring back；bring back into original existence, use, function, or position", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "回复, 恢复, 归还, 修补, 修复；还原；还原；还原; DOS外部命令:从备份盘中取回文件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5566, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6825, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "restrain", "id": "en-restrain", "inflections": {"past": "restrained", "past_participle": "restrained", "present_participle": "restraining", "third_person_singular": "restrains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈstrein", "raw": "ri'strein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "restrain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "keep under control; keep in check；to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement；hold back", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "抑制, 阻止, 束缚；抑制, 遏制, 制止"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4343, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5419, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "restraint", "id": "en-restraint", "inflections": {"plural": "restraints"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈstreint", "raw": "ri'streint", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "restraint"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of controlling by restraining someone or something；discipline in personal and social activities；a rule or condition that limits freedom；a device that retards something's motion", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "抑制, 克制, 束缚；约束, 拘束"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2207, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3539, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "restrict", "id": "en-restrict", "inflections": {"past": "restricted", "past_participle": "restricted", "present_participle": "restricting", "third_person_singular": "restricts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈstrikt", "raw": "ri'strikt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "restrict"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "place restrictions on；place under restrictions; limit access to；place limits on (extent or access)", "pos": "vt.", "register": "med", "zh": "限制, 限定, 约束；限制"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2226, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3127, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "restriction", "id": "en-restriction", "inflections": {"plural": "restrictions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈstrikʃən", "raw": "ri'strikʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "restriction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a principle that limits the extent of something；the act of keeping something within specified bounds (by force if necessary)", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "限制, 限定, 约束；限定"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 264, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 354, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "result", "id": "en-result", "inflections": {"past": "resulted", "past_participle": "resulted", "plural": "results", "present_participle": "resulting", "third_person_singular": "results"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzʌlt", "raw": "ri'zʌlt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "result"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something that results", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "结果, 成绩, 答案"}, {"en": "issue or terminate (in a specified way, state, etc.); end；come about or follow as a consequence", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "产生, 结果, 致使；结果"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9919, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14064, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resultant", "id": "en-resultant", "inflections": {"plural": "resultants"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzʌltənt", "raw": "ri'zʌltәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resultant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "结果的, 合成的"}, {"en": "the final point in a process", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "结果, 合力, 生成物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3836, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3780, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "resume", "id": "en-resume", "inflections": {"past": "resumed", "past_participle": "resumed", "plural": "resumes", "present_participle": "resuming", "third_person_singular": "resumes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈzjuːm", "raw": "ri'zju:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "resume"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "take up or begin anew；return to a previous location or condition；assume anew", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "重新开始, 取回, 恢复；再开始"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "摘要, 个人简历；继续执行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3601, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3479, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retail", "id": "en-retail", "inflections": {"past": "retailed", "past_participle": "retailed", "plural": "retails", "present_participle": "retailing", "third_person_singular": "retails"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriːteil", "raw": "'ri:teil", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retail"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the selling of goods to consumers; usually in small quantities and not for resale", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "零售"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "零售的"}, {"en": "be sold at the retail level；sell on the retail market", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "零售, 详述, 传播；零售"}, {"en": "at a retail price", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1460, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2724, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "retain", "id": "en-retain", "inflections": {"past": "retained", "past_participle": "retained", "present_participle": "retaining", "third_person_singular": "retains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtein", "raw": "ri'tein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "hold back within；allow to remain in a place or position or maintain a property or feature；secure and keep for possible future use or application；keep in one's mind", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "保持, 保有, 留住, 记得, 付定金聘请；保留, 留存"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 22219, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 17082, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retard", "id": "en-retard", "inflections": {"past": "retarded", "past_participle": "retarded", "present_participle": "retarding", "third_person_singular": "retards"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtɑːd", "raw": "ri'tɑ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retard"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "阻止, 延迟"}, {"en": "cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate；be delayed", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "妨碍, 延迟, 使减速；减速, 延迟"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 34354, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 19549, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retell", "id": "en-retell", "inflections": {"past": "retold", "past_participle": "retold", "present_participle": "retelling", "third_person_singular": "retells"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːˈtel", "raw": "ri:'tel", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retell"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "再讲, 重复, 重说"}, {"en": "v render verbally, \"recite a poem\"；v make into fiction；v to say, state, or perform again", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6675, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6542, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retention", "id": "en-retention", "inflections": {"plural": "retentions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtenʃən", "raw": "ri'tenʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retention"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of retaining something", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "保持, 留置, 保留, 保持力, 保留物, 记忆, 停滞, 固位；保贸, 保持"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2374, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2301, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "retire", "id": "en-retire", "inflections": {"past": "retired", "past_participle": "retired", "present_participle": "retiring", "third_person_singular": "retires"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtaiə", "raw": "ri'taiә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retire"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "隐居"}, {"en": "go into retirement; stop performing one's work or withdraw from one's position；withdraw from active participation；withdraw from circulation or from the market, as of bills, shares, and bonds；make (someone) retire", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "引退, 退役, 退休, 退去, 撤退, 退却；使...撤退, 辞退"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2435, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2442, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "retirement", "id": "en-retirement", "inflections": {"plural": "retirements"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtaiəmənt", "raw": "ri'taiәmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retirement"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being retired from one's business or occupation；withdrawal from your position or occupation；withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "退休, 隐居, 撤退；退休, 退股, (固定资产)报废"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8199, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 13847, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retort", "id": "en-retort", "inflections": {"past": "retorted", "past_participle": "retorted", "plural": "retorts", "present_participle": "retorting", "third_person_singular": "retorts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtɒːt", "raw": "ri'tɒ:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retort"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a vessel where substances are distilled or decomposed by heat", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "反驳, 顶嘴, 蒸馏器, 曲颈甑"}, {"en": "answer back", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "反驳, 回嘴, 反击；反击, 反驳, 蒸馏"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5347, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4787, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retreat", "id": "en-retreat", "inflections": {"past": "retreated", "past_participle": "retreated", "plural": "retreats", "present_participle": "retreating", "third_person_singular": "retreats"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtriːt", "raw": "ri'tri:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retreat"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat；a place of privacy; a place affording peace and quiet；(military) a signal to begin a withdrawal from a dangerous position；(military) a bugle call signaling the lowering of the flag at sunset", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "休息寓所, 撤退, 隐居, 退避"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "撤退, 隐退, 向后倾；退(棋)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5614, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4952, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retrieve", "id": "en-retrieve", "inflections": {"past": "retrieved", "past_participle": "retrieved", "present_participle": "retrieving", "third_person_singular": "retrieves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈtriːv", "raw": "ri'tri:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retrieve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "go for and bring back；run after, pick up, and bring to the master", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "取回, 挽回, 弥补, 恢复, 补偿, 回忆, 检索；找回猎物"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "取回, 恢复, 救险球；检索"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9533, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8344, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "retrospect", "id": "en-retrospect", "inflections": {"past": "retrospected", "past_participle": "retrospected", "plural": "retrospects", "present_participle": "retrospecting", "third_person_singular": "retrospects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈretrəspekt", "raw": "'retrәspekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "retrospect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "contemplation of things past", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "回顾, 追忆, 回溯"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "回顾, 追忆"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7826, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6067, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "reunion", "id": "en-reunion", "inflections": {"plural": "reunions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riːˈjuːnjən", "raw": "ri:'ju:njәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reunion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a party of former associates who have come together again；the act of coming together again", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "团圆, 重聚；再连合, 复连[合]"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 968, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 927, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reveal", "id": "en-reveal", "inflections": {"past": "revealed", "past_participle": "revealed", "present_participle": "revealing", "third_person_singular": "reveals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈviːl", "raw": "ri'vi:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reveal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "disclose directly or through prophets", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "露出, 显示, 透露, 揭露, 泄露, (神)启示"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "窗侧, 门侧"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4549, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4184, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revelation", "id": "en-revelation", "inflections": {"plural": "revelations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌreviˈleiʃən", "raw": ".revi'leiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revelation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an enlightening or astonishing disclosure；communication of knowledge to man by a divine or supernatural agency；the last book of the New Testament; contains visionary descriptions of heaven and of conflicts between good and evil and of the end of the world; attributed to Saint John the Apostle", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "揭露, 泄露, 发觉, 默示, 启示"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5307, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5280, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revenge", "id": "en-revenge", "inflections": {"past": "revenged", "past_participle": "revenged", "plural": "revenges", "present_participle": "revenging", "third_person_singular": "revenges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvendʒ", "raw": "ri'vendʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revenge"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "报仇, 复仇, 报复"}, {"en": "take revenge for a perceived wrong", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "报仇, 报复"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1772, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1681, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revenue", "id": "en-revenue", "inflections": {"plural": "revenues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrevinjuː", "raw": "'revinju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revenue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "收入, 岁入, 税收, 税务局；岁入, 税收, 税务局"}, {"en": "n the entire amount of income before any deductions are made；n government income due to taxation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3175, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3497, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reverse", "id": "en-reverse", "inflections": {"past": "reversed", "past_participle": "reversed", "plural": "reverses", "present_participle": "reversing", "third_person_singular": "reverses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvəːs", "raw": "ri'vә:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reverse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a relation of direct opposition；the gears by which the motion of a machine can be reversed；an unfortunate happening that hinders or impedes; something that is thwarting or frustrating；the side of a coin or medal that does not bear the principal design", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "相反, 背面, 倒退, 挫折, 失败"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "反面的, 相反的, 反向的, 颠倒的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使颠倒, 使逆转, 使倒退, 使反向；倒退, 反向, 倒转, 反转；反转"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1128, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1384, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "review", "id": "en-review", "inflections": {"past": "reviewed", "past_participle": "reviewed", "plural": "reviews", "present_participle": "reviewing", "third_person_singular": "reviews"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvjuː", "raw": "ri'vju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "review"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)；(accounting) a service (less exhaustive than an audit) that provides some assurance to interested parties as to the reliability of financial data；a periodical that publishes critical essays on current affairs or literature or art；(law) a judicial reexamination of the proceedings of a court (especially by an appellate court)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "检讨, 复习, 回顾, 检阅, 评论"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "温习, 检讨, 评论, 再检察, 复审；复习功课, 写评论"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4941, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5829, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "revise", "id": "en-revise", "inflections": {"past": "revised", "past_participle": "revised", "present_participle": "revising", "third_person_singular": "revises"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvaiz", "raw": "ri'vaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "校订, 修正, 改样"}, {"en": "make revisions in", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "校订, 修正, 校正"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4579, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5994, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "revision", "id": "en-revision", "inflections": {"plural": "revisions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈviʒən", "raw": "ri'viʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revision"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of revising or altering (involving reconsideration and modification)；the act of rewriting something", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "校订, 修正, 修订本, 修订版；修订版"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4528, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5278, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revive", "id": "en-revive", "inflections": {"past": "revived", "past_participle": "revived", "present_participle": "reviving", "third_person_singular": "revives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvaiv", "raw": "ri'vaiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be brought back to life, consciousness, or strength；restore from a depressed, inactive, or unused state", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使苏醒, 使复兴, 使振奋, 回想起, 重播；苏醒, 复活, 复兴, 恢复精神"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6556, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8955, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revolt", "id": "en-revolt", "inflections": {"past": "revolted", "past_participle": "revolted", "plural": "revolts", "present_participle": "revolting", "third_person_singular": "revolts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvəult", "raw": "ri'vәult", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revolt"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "叛乱, 反抗, 反感"}, {"en": "make revolution", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "叛乱, 反抗, 起义, 厌恶, 反感；使反感, 使恶心"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1858, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2753, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "revolution", "id": "en-revolution", "inflections": {"plural": "revolutions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrevəˈluːʃən", "raw": ".revә'lu:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revolution"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving；the overthrow of a government by those who are governed", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "革命, 大变革, 旋转, 转数, 循环；回转"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3153, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4014, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revolutionary", "id": "en-revolutionary", "inflections": {"plural": "revolutionaries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri", "raw": ".revә'lu:ʃәnәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revolutionary"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "革命者, 革命党人"}, {"en": "markedly new or introducing radical change；relating to or having the nature of a revolution；advocating or engaged in revolution", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "革命的, 革命性的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8409, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7394, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "revolve", "id": "en-revolve", "inflections": {"past": "revolved", "past_participle": "revolved", "present_participle": "revolving", "third_person_singular": "revolves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈvɒlv", "raw": "ri'vɒlv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "revolve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "turn on or around an axis or a center", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)旋转, 反复考虑, 循环出现"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2819, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3392, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "reward", "id": "en-reward", "inflections": {"past": "rewarded", "past_participle": "rewarded", "plural": "rewards", "present_participle": "rewarding", "third_person_singular": "rewards"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈwɒːd", "raw": "ri'wɒ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "reward"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "payment made in return for a service rendered；an act performed to strengthen approved behavior；the offer of money for helping to find a criminal or for returning lost property", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "报酬, 酬谢, 赏金"}, {"en": "act or give recompense in recognition of someone's behavior or actions", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "奖赏, 酬谢, 给...应有报应"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3420, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3280, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rhythm", "id": "en-rhythm", "inflections": {"plural": "rhythms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈriðəm", "raw": "'riðәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rhythm"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the basic rhythmic unit in a piece of music；recurring at regular intervals；the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "旋律, 节奏, 韵律, 匀称, 张弛节律；节律"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5074, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4568, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rib", "id": "en-rib", "inflections": {"past": "ribbed", "past_participle": "ribbed", "plural": "ribs", "present_participle": "ribbing", "third_person_singular": "ribs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rib", "raw": "rib", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rib"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "support resembling the rib of an animal；any of the 12 pairs of curved arches of bone extending from the spine to or toward the sternum in humans (and similar bones in most vertebrates)；cut of meat including one or more ribs；a teasing remark", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "肋骨, 肋状物, 笑话"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "装肋状物于, 戏弄"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5617, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4838, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ribbon", "id": "en-ribbon", "inflections": {"plural": "ribbons", "present_participle": "ribboning"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈribən", "raw": "'ribәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ribbon"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any long object resembling a thin line；a long strip of inked material for making characters on paper with a typewriter；notion consisting of a narrow strip of fine material used for trimming", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "缎带, 色带, 带状物"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "用丝带装饰, 把...撕成条状；形成带状；带状条, 格式栏"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2872, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3041, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rid", "id": "en-rid", "inflections": {"past": "rid", "past_participle": "rid", "present_participle": "ridding", "third_person_singular": "rids"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "rid", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rid", "raw": "rid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rid"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "relieve from", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "免除, 以...清除, 使获自由, 使摆脱；免除, 清除, 摆脱"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13883, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11712, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "riddle", "id": "en-riddle", "inflections": {"past": "riddled", "past_participle": "riddled", "plural": "riddles", "present_participle": "riddling", "third_person_singular": "riddles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈridl", "raw": "'ridl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "riddle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a difficult problem；a coarse sieve (as for gravel)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "谜, 谜语, 粗筛"}, {"en": "pierce with many holes；set a difficult problem or riddle", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "解谜, 给...出谜, 筛, 寻根究底地检验, 充满于；出谜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3987, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3824, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "rider", "id": "en-rider", "inflections": {"plural": "riders"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈraidə", "raw": "'raidә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rider"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a traveler who actively rides an animal (as a horse or camel)；a clause that is appended to a legislative bill；a traveler who actively rides a vehicle (as a bicycle or motorcycle)", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "骑手, (文件后的)附件, 扶手；游码"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4003, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4853, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ridge", "id": "en-ridge", "inflections": {"past": "ridged", "past_participle": "ridged", "plural": "ridges", "present_participle": "ridging", "third_person_singular": "ridges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ridʒ", "raw": "ridʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ridge"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a long narrow natural elevation or striation；any long raised strip；a long narrow natural elevation on the floor of the ocean；a long narrow range of hills", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "脊, 山脊, 山脉；嵴, 脊, 棱线"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11214, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10051, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ridicule", "id": "en-ridicule", "inflections": {"past": "ridiculed", "past_participle": "ridiculed", "plural": "ridicules", "present_participle": "ridiculing", "third_person_singular": "ridicules"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈridikjuːl", "raw": "'ridikju:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ridicule"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "language or behavior intended to mock or humiliate", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "嘲笑, 愚弄, 笑柄"}, {"en": "subject to laughter or ridicule", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "嘲笑, 嘲弄, 愚弄"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3632, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4043, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "ridiculous", "id": "en-ridiculous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "riˈdikjuləs", "raw": "ri'dikjulәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ridiculous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "荒谬的, 可笑的"}, {"en": "s inspiring scornful pity；s incongruous; inviting ridicule；s broadly or extravagantly humorous; resembling farce", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5446, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3065, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rifle", "id": "en-rifle", "inflections": {"past": "rifled", "past_participle": "rifled", "plural": "rifles", "present_participle": "rifling", "third_person_singular": "rifles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈraifl", "raw": "'raifl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rifle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a shoulder firearm with a long barrel and a rifled bore", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "来复枪, 步枪"}, {"en": "go through in search of something; search through someone's belongings in an unauthorized way", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "用步枪射击, 抢夺；(抱有不良意图)迅速翻查"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8228, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8285, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rig", "id": "en-rig", "inflections": {"past": "rigged", "past_participle": "rigged", "plural": "rigs", "present_participle": "rigging", "third_person_singular": "rigs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rig", "raw": "rig", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rig"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "gear (including necessary machinery) for a particular enterprise；formation of masts, spars, sails, etc., on a vessel", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "装备, 帆装"}, {"en": "arrange the outcome of by means of deceit；manipulate in a fraudulent manner", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "装配, 装扮, 给船装帆, 垄断, 操纵"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4475, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5469, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rigid", "id": "en-rigid", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈridʒid", "raw": "'ridʒid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rigid"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "incapable of or resistant to bending；incapable of compromise or flexibility；designating an airship or dirigible having a form maintained by a stiff unyielding frame or structure", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "坚硬的, 刚性的, 严格的, 精密的, 刻板的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7073, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6606, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rigorous", "id": "en-rigorous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈrigərəs", "raw": "'rigәrәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rigorous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "rigidly accurate; allowing no deviation from a standard；demanding strict attention to rules and procedures", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "严厉的, 严酷的, 严格的, 苛刻的, 严密的, 精确的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6963, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 4602, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rim", "id": "en-rim", "inflections": {"past": "rimmed", "past_participle": "rimmed", "plural": "rims", "present_participle": "rimming", "third_person_singular": "rims"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rim", "raw": "rim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rim"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the shape of a raised edge of a more or less circular object；(basketball) the hoop from which the net is suspended；the outer part of a wheel to which the tire is attached", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "边, 轮缘, 框"}, {"en": "run around the rim of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "镶边, 为...装边；形成边缘"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10413, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7024, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rinse", "id": "en-rinse", "inflections": {"past": "rinsed", "past_participle": "rinsed", "plural": "rinses", "present_participle": "rinsing", "third_person_singular": "rinses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rins", "raw": "rins", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rinse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a liquid preparation used on wet hair to give it a tint；the removal of soap with clean water in the final stage of washing；the act of giving a light tint to the hair；washing lightly without soap", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "清洗, 染发, 染发剂"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "以清水冲洗, 漱, 漂清；被漂净"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3784, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4848, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "riot", "id": "en-riot", "inflections": {"past": "rioted", "past_participle": "rioted", "plural": "riots", "present_participle": "rioting", "third_person_singular": "riots"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈraiət", "raw": "'raiәt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "riot"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a public act of violence by an unruly mob", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "暴动, 喧闹, 放纵"}, {"en": "take part in a riot; disturb the public peace by engaging in a riot", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "发动, 暴动, 纵情, 放荡；浪费, 挥霍"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4998, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3572, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "rip", "id": "en-rip", "inflections": {"past": "ripped", "past_participle": "ripped", "plural": "rips", "present_participle": "ripping", "third_person_singular": "rips"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "rip", "raw": "rip", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "rip"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an opening made forcibly as by pulling apart；a stretch of turbulent water in a river or the sea caused by one current flowing into or across another current", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "裂痕, 破绽, 拉裂, 浪子, 巨浪"}, {"en": "move precipitously or violently；cut (wood) along the grain", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "被拉开, 裂开, 猛冲；撕, 扯, 劈"}]}], "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1"}