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432 KiB
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432 KiB
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{"entries": [{"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2595, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1757, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "catholic", "id": "en-catholic", "inflections": {"plural": "catholics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkæθəlik", "raw": "'kæθәlik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "catholic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a member of a Catholic church", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "天主教徒"}, {"en": "of or relating to or supporting Catholicism；free from provincial prejudices or attachments", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "天主教的, 普遍的, 广泛的, 宽宏大量的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2973, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3629, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cattle", "id": "en-cattle", "inflections": {"plural": "cattle"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "cattle", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kætl", "raw": "kætl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cattle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "牛, 家畜；家畜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5218, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 8904, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "causal", "id": "en-causal", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒːzəl", "raw": "'kɒ:zәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "causal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "involving or constituting a cause; causing", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "原因的, 因果关系的, 表示原因或理由的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "表示原因的连词"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 476, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 601, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cause", "id": "en-cause", "inflections": {"past": "caused", "past_participle": "caused", "plural": "causes", "present_participle": "causing", "third_person_singular": "causes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːz", "raw": "kɒ:z", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cause"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something；a justification for something existing or happening", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "原因, 目标"}, {"en": "give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "引起, 使产生, 使遭受"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4721, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5286, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "caution", "id": "en-caution", "inflections": {"past": "cautioned", "past_participle": "cautioned", "plural": "cautions", "present_participle": "cautioning", "third_person_singular": "cautions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒːʃən", "raw": "'kɒ:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "caution"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the trait of being cautious; being attentive to possible danger；a warning against certain acts；judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小心, 慎重, 警示"}, {"en": "warn strongly; put on guard", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "警告；警告"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5239, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 5231, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cautious", "id": "en-cautious", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒːʃəs", "raw": "'kɒ:ʃәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cautious"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "showing careful forethought; never making swift decisions\"；avoiding excess", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "谨慎的, 小心的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4161, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3562, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cave", "id": "en-cave", "inflections": {"past": "caved", "past_participle": "caved", "plural": "caves", "present_participle": "caving", "third_person_singular": "caves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "keiv", "raw": "keiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cave"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a geological formation consisting of an underground enclosure with access from the surface of the ground or from the sea", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "洞, 穴"}, {"en": "hollow out as if making a cave or opening；explore natural caves", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "凹陷, 塌落；挖洞, 使凹陷, 损坏...的基础"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8851, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7556, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cavity", "id": "en-cavity", "inflections": {"plural": "cavities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkæviti", "raw": "'kæviti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cavity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "space that is surrounded by something；soft decayed area in a tooth; progressive decay can lead to the death of a tooth；(anatomy) a natural hollow or sinus within the body", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "洞, 空穴, 腔；空穴"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2679, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4470, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cease", "id": "en-cease", "inflections": {"past": "ceased", "past_participle": "ceased", "present_participle": "ceasing", "third_person_singular": "ceases"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "siːs", "raw": "si:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cease"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(`cease' is a noun only in the phrase `without cease') end", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "停止"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "停止, 终了"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2874, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2641, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "ceiling", "id": "en-ceiling", "inflections": {"plural": "ceilings"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsiːliŋ", "raw": "'si:liŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ceiling"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the overhead upper surface of a covered space；(meteorology) altitude of the lowest layer of clouds；an upper limit on what is allowed；maximum altitude at which a plane can fly (under specified conditions)", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "天花板；顶点, 顶线, 上限"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2443, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2019, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "celebrate", "id": "en-celebrate", "inflections": {"past": "celebrated", "past_participle": "celebrated", "present_participle": "celebrating", "third_person_singular": "celebrates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈselibreit", "raw": "'selibreit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "celebrate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "have a celebration", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "庆祝, 祝贺, 举行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 769, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 895, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cell", "id": "en-cell", "inflections": {"plural": "cells"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "sel", "raw": "sel", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cell"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any small compartment；(biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals；a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction；a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "单元, 细胞, 电池；单元"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6029, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7671, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cellar", "id": "en-cellar", "inflections": {"plural": "cellars"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈselə", "raw": "'selә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cellar"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "storage space where wines are stored", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "地窖, 地下室, 藏酒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6895, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6395, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cement", "id": "en-cement", "inflections": {"past": "cemented", "past_participle": "cemented", "plural": "cements", "present_participle": "cementing", "third_person_singular": "cements"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "siˈment", "raw": "si'ment", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cement"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "concrete pavement is sometimes referred to as cement；a building material that is a powder made of a mixture of calcined limestone and clay; used with water and sand or gravel to make concrete and mortar；something that hardens to act as adhesive material；any of various materials used by dentists to fill cavities in teeth", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "水泥, 胶结剂"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "胶合, 用水泥涂；黏牢"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18562, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10997, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "censor", "id": "en-censor", "inflections": {"past": "censored", "past_participle": "censored", "plural": "censors", "present_participle": "censoring", "third_person_singular": "censors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsensə", "raw": "'sensә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "censor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who censures or condemns；a person who is authorized to read publications or correspondence or to watch theatrical performances and suppress in whole or in part anything considered obscene or politically unacceptable", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "检查员"}, {"en": "subject to political, religious, or moral censorship", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "检查, 审查, 删改"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10111, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cent", "id": "en-cent", "inflections": {"plural": "cents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "sent", "raw": "sent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a fractional monetary unit of several countries", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "分；美分"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 27004, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "centigrade", "id": "en-centigrade", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsentigreid", "raw": "'sentigreid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "centigrade"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or relating to a temperature scale on which the freezing point of water is 0 degrees and the boiling point of water is 100 degrees", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "百分度的, 摄氏的；百分度"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8893, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "centimetre", "id": "en-centimetre", "inflections": {"plural": "centimetres"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsenti,miːtə(r)", "raw": "'senti,mi:tә(r)", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "centimetre"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "厘米, 公分"}, {"en": "n a metric unit of length equal to one hundredth of a meter", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 521, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 743, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "central", "id": "en-central", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsentrəl", "raw": "'sentrәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "central"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in or near a center or constituting a center; the inner area", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "中央的, 重要的；中央的, 中心的, 中枢的"}, {"en": "a workplace that serves as a telecommunications facility where lines from telephones can be connected together to permit communication", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 22228, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 16971, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "centralize", "id": "en-centralize", "inflections": {"past": "centralized", "past_participle": "centralized", "present_participle": "centralizing", "third_person_singular": "centralizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsentrəlaiz", "raw": "'sentrәlaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "centralize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make central", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "集聚, 集中, 施行中央集权；集中"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 327, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "centre", "id": "en-centre", "inflections": {"past": "centred", "past_participle": "centred", "plural": "centres", "present_participle": "centring", "third_person_singular": "centres"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsentə", "raw": "'sentә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "centre"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a low-lying region in central France", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "中心, 中心点, 中锋"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "中央的, 位在正中的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "集中, 定中心；居中"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 407, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 605, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "century", "id": "en-century", "inflections": {"plural": "centuries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsentʃuri", "raw": "'sentʃuri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "century"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a period of 100 years", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "世纪, 百年"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10129, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7807, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "ceramic", "id": "en-ceramic", "inflections": {"plural": "ceramics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "siˈræmik", "raw": "si'ræmik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ceramic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or relating to or made from a ceramic", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "陶瓷的"}, {"en": "an artifact made of hard brittle material produced from nonmetallic minerals by firing at high temperatures", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "陶瓷制品"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6012, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6122, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cereal", "id": "en-cereal", "inflections": {"plural": "cereals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsiəriəl", "raw": "'siәriәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cereal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "grass whose starchy grains are used as food: wheat; rice; rye; oats; maize; buckwheat; millet；a breakfast food prepared from grain", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "谷类食品, 谷类植物"}, {"en": "made of grain or relating to grain or the plants that produce it", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "谷类的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3313, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2670, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "ceremony", "id": "en-ceremony", "inflections": {"plural": "ceremonies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈseriməni", "raw": "'serimәni", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "ceremony"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a formal event performed on a special occasion；any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way；the proper or conventional behavior on some solemn occasion", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "典礼, 仪式, 礼节；典礼, 仪式"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4284, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5560, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "certainty", "id": "en-certainty", "inflections": {"plural": "certainties"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːtənti", "raw": "'sә:tәnti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "certainty"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being certain；something that is certain", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "确定, 确实的事情；确定, 肯定, 必然的事"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2341, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5237, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "certificate", "id": "en-certificate", "inflections": {"past": "certificated", "past_participle": "certificated", "plural": "certificates", "present_participle": "certificating", "third_person_singular": "certificates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "səˈtifikeit", "raw": "sә'tifikeit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "certificate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a document attesting to the truth of certain stated facts", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "证书, 证明书"}, {"en": "present someone with a certificate；authorize by certificate", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "发给证明书, 用证书批准, 用证书证明"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1835, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1805, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chain", "id": "en-chain", "inflections": {"past": "chained", "past_participle": "chained", "plural": "chains", "present_participle": "chaining", "third_person_singular": "chains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃein", "raw": "tʃein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a series of things depending on each other as if linked together；(chemistry) a series of linked atoms (generally in an organic molecule)；a series of (usually metal) rings or links fitted into one another to make a flexible ligament；(business) a number of similar establishments (stores or restaurants or banks or hotels or theaters) under one ownership", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "链, 枷锁, 束缚"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "用铁练锁住, 束缚, 囚禁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 864, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1372, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chairman", "id": "en-chairman", "inflections": {"past": "chairmanned", "past_participle": "chairmanned", "plural": "chairmen", "present_participle": "chairmanning", "third_person_singular": "chairmans"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃєəmən", "raw": "'tʃєәmәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chairman"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "主席, 会长；主席"}, {"en": "n the officer who presides at the meetings of an organization；v act or preside as chair, as of an academic department in a university", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5988, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9095, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chalk", "id": "en-chalk", "inflections": {"past": "chalked", "past_participle": "chalked", "plural": "chalks", "present_participle": "chalking", "third_person_singular": "chalks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃɒːk", "raw": "tʃɒ:k", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chalk"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a soft whitish calcite；a pure flat white with little reflectance；a piece of calcite or a similar substance, usually in the shape of a crayon, that is used to write or draw on blackboards or other flat surfaces", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "粉笔, 白垩"}, {"en": "write, draw, or trace with chalk", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "用粉笔写, 记录"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1506, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 984, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "challenge", "id": "en-challenge", "inflections": {"past": "challenged", "past_participle": "challenged", "plural": "challenges", "present_participle": "challenging", "third_person_singular": "challenges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃælindʒ", "raw": "'tʃælindʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "challenge"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a demanding or stimulating situation；a call to engage in a contest or fight；questioning a statement and demanding an explanation；a formal objection to the selection of a particular person as a juror", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "挑战, 盘问"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "向...挑战, 要求, 怀疑；挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2381, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2667, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chamber", "id": "en-chamber", "inflections": {"past": "chambered", "past_participle": "chambered", "plural": "chambers", "present_participle": "chambering", "third_person_singular": "chambers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃeimbə", "raw": "'tʃeimbә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chamber"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a natural or artificial enclosed space；an enclosed volume in the body；a room where a judge transacts business；a deliberative or legislative or administrative or judicial assembly", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "室, 房间, 枪膛"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "装(弹药), 把...关在室内"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "室内的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1938, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2758, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "champion", "id": "en-champion", "inflections": {"past": "championed", "past_participle": "championed", "plural": "champions", "present_participle": "championing", "third_person_singular": "champions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃæmpiən", "raw": "'tʃæmpiәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "champion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who has won first place in a competition；someone who fights for a cause", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "冠军, 拥护者, 战士"}, {"en": "protect or fight for as a champion", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "保卫, 拥护"}, {"en": "holding first place in a contest", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "优胜的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1617, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2518, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "channel", "id": "en-channel", "inflections": {"past": "channelled", "past_participle": "channelled", "plural": "channels", "present_participle": "channelling", "third_person_singular": "channels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃænəl", "raw": "'tʃænәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "channel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a path over which electrical signals can pass；a passage for water (or other fluids) to flow through；a deep and relatively narrow body of water (as in a river or a harbor or a strait linking two larger bodies) that allows the best passage for vessels；(often plural) a means of communication or access", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "海峡, 航道, 频道"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "引导, 在...上挖沟, 形成河道；信道, 通道"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4091, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3727, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chaos", "id": "en-chaos", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkeiɒs", "raw": "'keiɒs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chaos"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state of extreme confusion and disorder；the formless and disordered state of matter before the creation of the cosmos；(Greek mythology) the most ancient of gods; the personification of the infinity of space preceding creation of the universe；(physics) a dynamical system that is extremely sensitive to its initial conditions", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "大混乱, 混沌；混沌; 浑沌"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 593, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2976, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chapter", "id": "en-chapter", "inflections": {"plural": "chapters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃæptə", "raw": "'tʃæptә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chapter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled；any distinct period in history or in a person's life；a local branch of some fraternity or association；an ecclesiastical assembly of the monks in a monastery or even of the canons of a church", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "章, 篇, 重要章节；章; 段"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 805, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 786, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "character", "id": "en-character", "inflections": {"past": "charactered", "past_participle": "charactered", "plural": "characters", "present_participle": "charactering", "third_person_singular": "characters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkærəktə", "raw": "'kærәktә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "character"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the inherent complex of attributes that determines a persons moral and ethical actions and reactions；an actor's portrayal of someone in a play；a person of a specified kind (usually with many eccentricities)；good repute", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "个性, 字符, 人物, 性质, 品格, 资格；字符"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1811, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2032, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "characteristic", "id": "en-characteristic", "inflections": {"plural": "characteristics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkærəktəˈristik", "raw": ".kærәktә'ristik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "characteristic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a distinguishing quality；the integer part (positive or negative) of the representation of a logarithm; in the expression log 643 = 2.808 the characteristic is 2；any measurable property of a device measured under closely specified conditions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "特性, 特征, 特色"}, {"en": "typical or distinctive", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "特性的, 特有的, 有特色的；阶; 指数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4894, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2859, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "characterize", "id": "en-characterize", "inflections": {"past": "characterized", "past_participle": "characterized", "present_participle": "characterizing", "third_person_singular": "characterizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkærəktəraiz", "raw": "'kærәktәraiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "characterize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be characteristic of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "描绘...的特性, 刻划...的性格"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8784, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7448, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "charcoal", "id": "en-charcoal", "inflections": {"past": "charcoaled", "past_participle": "charcoaled", "plural": "charcoals", "present_participle": "charcoaling", "third_person_singular": "charcoals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃɑːkəul", "raw": "'tʃɑ:kәul", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "charcoal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a carbonaceous material obtained by heating wood or other organic matter in the absence of air；a stick of black carbon material used for drawing；a very dark grey color；a drawing made with a stick of black carbon material", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "木炭；木炭"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 675, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 923, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "charge", "id": "en-charge", "inflections": {"past": "charged", "past_participle": "charged", "plural": "charges", "present_participle": "charging", "third_person_singular": "charges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃɑːdʒ", "raw": "tʃɑ:dʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "charge"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an impetuous rush toward someone or something；(criminal law) a pleading describing some wrong or offense；the price charged for some article or service；the quantity of unbalanced electricity in a body (either positive or negative) and construed as an excess or deficiency of electrons", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "指控, 费用, 冲锋, 电荷, 炸药, 主管, 被托管人, 命令"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "控诉, 加罪于, 使充满, 使充电, 使承担；冲锋, 要价, 收费"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2008, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3287, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "charity", "id": "en-charity", "inflections": {"plural": "charities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃæriti", "raw": "'tʃæriti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "charity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)；a kindly and lenient attitude toward people；an activity or gift that benefits the public at large；an institution set up to provide help to the needy", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "慈悲, 博爱, 慈善团体, 施舍；宽大, 宽恕, 慈善机关"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4348, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4768, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "charm", "id": "en-charm", "inflections": {"past": "charmed", "past_participle": "charmed", "plural": "charms", "present_participle": "charming", "third_person_singular": "charms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃɑːm", "raw": "tʃɑ:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "charm"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something believed to bring good luck；(physics) one of the six flavors of quark", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "吸引力, 魔力, 符咒"}, {"en": "control by magic spells, as by practicing witchcraft；protect through supernatural powers or charms", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "迷住, 使陶醉, 行魔法；用符咒, 有魅力"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4555, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5189, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "charming", "id": "en-charming", "inflections": {"present_participle": "charming"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "charm", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃɑːmiŋ", "raw": "'tʃɑ:miŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "charming"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "pleasing or delighting；possessing or using or characteristic of or appropriate to supernatural powers", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "迷人的, 有吸引力的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2961, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2743, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chart", "id": "en-chart", "inflections": {"past": "charted", "past_participle": "charted", "plural": "charts", "present_participle": "charting", "third_person_singular": "charts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃɑːt", "raw": "tʃɑ:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chart"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a visual display of information；a map designed to assist navigation by air or sea", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "图表, 海图"}, {"en": "make a chart of；plan in detail", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "制成图表；图表"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3063, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4386, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "charter", "id": "en-charter", "inflections": {"past": "chartered", "past_participle": "chartered", "plural": "charters", "present_participle": "chartering", "third_person_singular": "charters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃɑːtə", "raw": "'tʃɑ:tә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "charter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a document incorporating an institution and specifying its rights; includes the articles of incorporation and the certificate of incorporation；a contract to hire or lease transportation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "特许状, 执照, 宪章"}, {"en": "grant a charter to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "特许, 发给特许执照"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3378, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3312, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chase", "id": "en-chase", "inflections": {"past": "chased", "past_participle": "chased", "plural": "chases", "present_participle": "chasing", "third_person_singular": "chases"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃeis", "raw": "tʃeis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chase"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "United States politician and jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1808-1873)；a rectangular metal frame used in letterpress printing to hold together the pages or columns of composed type that are printed at one time", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "追求, 狩猎, 追逐"}, {"en": "go after with the intent to catch；pursue someone sexually or romantically", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "追捕, 追逐, 雕刻, 在...上镶嵌宝石；追赶, 奔跑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14947, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13437, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chasm", "id": "en-chasm", "inflections": {"plural": "chasms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkæzəm", "raw": "'kæzәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chasm"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a deep opening in the earth's surface", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "陷窟, 裂口"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10712, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10403, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chatter", "id": "en-chatter", "inflections": {"past": "chattered", "past_participle": "chattered", "plural": "chatters", "present_participle": "chattering", "third_person_singular": "chatters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃætə", "raw": "'tʃætә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chatter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the rapid series of noises made by the parts of a machine；the high-pitched continuing noise made by animals (birds or monkeys)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "饶舌, 啁啾, 喋喋不休"}, {"en": "click repeatedly or uncontrollably；cut unevenly with a chattering tool", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "喋喋不休地谈, (鸟)啭鸣"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5936, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4369, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cheat", "id": "en-cheat", "inflections": {"past": "cheated", "past_participle": "cheated", "plural": "cheats", "present_participle": "cheating", "third_person_singular": "cheats"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃiːt", "raw": "tʃi:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cheat"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a deception for profit to yourself", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "欺骗, 作弊, 骗子"}, {"en": "deprive somebody of something by deceit；defeat someone through trickery or deceit；engage in deceitful behavior; practice trickery or fraud", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "欺骗, 逃脱, 骗取"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2456, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2674, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cheek", "id": "en-cheek", "inflections": {"past": "cheeked", "past_participle": "cheeked", "plural": "cheeks", "present_participle": "cheeking", "third_person_singular": "cheeks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃiːk", "raw": "tʃi:k", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cheek"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "either side of the face below the eyes", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "颊, 厚颜, 脸蛋；颊"}, {"en": "speak impudently to", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5070, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4621, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cheer", "id": "en-cheer", "inflections": {"past": "cheered", "past_participle": "cheered", "plural": "cheers", "present_participle": "cheering", "third_person_singular": "cheers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃiə", "raw": "tʃiә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cheer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a cry or shout of approval", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "愉快, 振奋, 欢呼"}, {"en": "give encouragement to；show approval or good wishes by shouting；cause (somebody) to feel happier or more cheerful", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "欢呼, 喝彩, 快活起来；使振奋, 欢呼"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5041, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7309, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cheerful", "id": "en-cheerful", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃiəful", "raw": "'tʃiәful", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cheerful"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "being full of or promoting cheer; having or showing good spirits；pleasantly (even unrealistically) optimistic", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "快活的, 高兴的, 兴高采烈的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2548, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2617, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chemical", "id": "en-chemical", "inflections": {"plural": "chemicals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkemikl", "raw": "'kemikl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chemical"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "material produced by or used in a reaction involving changes in atoms or molecules", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "化学药品"}, {"en": "relating to or used in chemistry；of or made from or using substances produced by or used in reactions involving atomic or molecular changes", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "化学的, 化学上用的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5034, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 9185, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chemist", "id": "en-chemist", "inflections": {"plural": "chemists"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkemist", "raw": "'kemist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chemist"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a scientist who specializes in chemistry", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "化学家, 药剂师；化学家; 化学师; 化学工作者; 药剂师; 药房"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3555, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4736, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chemistry", "id": "en-chemistry", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkemistri", "raw": "'kemistri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chemistry"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the science of matter; the branch of the natural sciences dealing with the composition of substances and their properties and reactions；the chemical composition and properties of a substance or object；the way two individuals relate to each other", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "化学, 化学过程；化学"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2753, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 31750, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cheque", "id": "en-cheque", "inflections": {"plural": "cheques"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃek", "raw": "tʃek", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cheque"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "支票"}, {"en": "withdraw money by writing a check", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11106, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8660, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cherish", "id": "en-cherish", "inflections": {"past": "cherished", "past_participle": "cherished", "present_participle": "cherishing", "third_person_singular": "cherishes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃeriʃ", "raw": "'tʃeriʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cherish"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "珍爱, 怀有, 爱护"}, {"en": "v be fond of; be attached to", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7065, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6948, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chess", "id": "en-chess", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃes", "raw": "tʃes", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chess"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "weedy annual native to Europe but widely distributed as a weed especially in wheat；a board game for two players who move their 16 pieces according to specific rules; the object is to checkmate the opponent's king", "pos": "n.", "register": "建", "zh": "国际象棋；雀麦"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2213, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1717, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chest", "id": "en-chest", "inflections": {"past": "chested", "plural": "chests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃest", "raw": "tʃest", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "box with a lid; used for storage; usually large and sturdy", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "胸, 胸部, 衣柜, 箱子；胸, 胸廓"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7901, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8866, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chestnut", "id": "en-chestnut", "inflections": {"plural": "chestnuts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃesnʌt", "raw": "'tʃesnʌt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chestnut"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "wood of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea；any of several attractive deciduous trees yellow-brown in autumn; yield a hard wood and edible nuts in a prickly bur；edible nut of any of various chestnut trees of the genus Castanea；the brown color of chestnuts", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "栗子, 栗树, 栗色"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "栗色的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5661, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4631, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chew", "id": "en-chew", "inflections": {"past": "chewed", "past_participle": "chewed", "plural": "chews", "present_participle": "chewing", "third_person_singular": "chews"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃuː", "raw": "tʃu:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chew"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "chew (food); to bite and grind with the teeth", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "咀嚼, 嚼碎；咀嚼, 细想"}, {"en": "a wad of something chewable as tobacco；biting and grinding food in your mouth so it becomes soft enough to swallow", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "咀嚼, 咀嚼物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3030, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1538, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chicken", "id": "en-chicken", "inflections": {"past": "chickened", "past_participle": "chickened", "plural": "chickens", "present_participle": "chickening"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃikin", "raw": "'tʃikin", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chicken"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the flesh of a chicken used for food；a domestic fowl bred for flesh or eggs; believed to have been developed from the red jungle fowl；a foolhardy competition; a dangerous activity that is continued until one competitor becomes afraid and stops", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小鸡, 鸡肉"}, {"en": "easily frightened", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6652, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4618, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chill", "id": "en-chill", "inflections": {"past": "chilled", "past_participle": "chilled", "plural": "chills", "present_participle": "chilling", "third_person_singular": "chills"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃil", "raw": "tʃil", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chill"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "coldness due to a cold environment；a sensation of cold that often marks the start of an infection and the development of a fever；a sudden numbing dread", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "寒冷, 寒意, 失意"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "寒冷的, 冷漠的"}, {"en": "depress or discourage", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使寒心, 冷冻；变冷"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5724, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8321, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chimney", "id": "en-chimney", "inflections": {"plural": "chimneys"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈtʃimni", "raw": "'tʃimni", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chimney"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building", "pos": "n.", "register": "电", "zh": "烟囱, 灯罩；烟囱"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4221, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3947, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chin", "id": "en-chin", "inflections": {"past": "chinned", "past_participle": "chinned", "plural": "chins", "present_participle": "chinning", "third_person_singular": "chins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃin", "raw": "tʃin", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chin"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the protruding part of the lower jaw", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "下巴, 颏；颏"}, {"en": "raise oneself while hanging from one's hands until one's chin is level with the support bar", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2397, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2159, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chip", "id": "en-chip", "inflections": {"past": "chipped", "past_participle": "chipped", "plural": "chips", "present_participle": "chipping", "third_person_singular": "chips"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃip", "raw": "tʃip", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chip"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a triangular wooden float attached to the end of a log line；a piece of dried bovine dung；a thin crisp slice of potato fried in deep fat；a small disk-shaped counter used to represent money when gambling", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "屑片, 薄片, 碎片"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "削, 切, 削成碎片, 使摔倒, 凿；削下屑片；孔屑; 组件; 晶片; 芯片"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 725, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 630, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "choice", "id": "en-choice", "inflections": {"plural": "choices"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃɒis", "raw": "tʃɒis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "choice"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the person or thing chosen or selected；the act of choosing or selecting", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "选择, 精选品, 选择权"}, {"en": "of superior grade；appealing to refined taste", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "精选的, 挑三拣四的, 上等的；DOS内部命令:在批处理文件中；该命令用于提示用户作出选择, 决定批处理文件的流程"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6075, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5223, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "choke", "id": "en-choke", "inflections": {"past": "choked", "past_participle": "choked", "plural": "chokes", "present_participle": "choking", "third_person_singular": "chokes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃəuk", "raw": "tʃәuk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "choke"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion；be too tight; rub or press", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "窒息, 阻塞, 噎, 抑制；窒息, 阻塞, 噎"}, {"en": "a coil of low resistance and high inductance used in electrical circuits to pass direct current and attenuate alternating current；a valve that controls the flow of air into the carburetor of a gasoline engine", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "窒息, 噎, 阻气门"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5669, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3964, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "chop", "id": "en-chop", "inflections": {"past": "chopped", "past_participle": "chopped", "plural": "chops", "present_participle": "chopping", "third_person_singular": "chops"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "tʃɒp", "raw": "tʃɒp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chop"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the irregular motion of waves (usually caused by wind blowing in a direction opposite to the tide)；a small cut of meat including part of a rib；a jaw；a tennis return made with a downward motion that puts backspin on the ball", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "肋条肉, 排骨, 砍, 戳记, 商标"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "剁碎, 砍, 切击, 割断；砍, 突然转向"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5783, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7270, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chord", "id": "en-chord", "inflections": {"past": "chorded", "past_participle": "chorded", "plural": "chords", "present_participle": "chording", "third_person_singular": "chords"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːd", "raw": "kɒ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chord"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a straight line connecting two points on a curve；a combination of three or more notes that blend harmoniously when sounded together", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "弦, 和音；索, 带"}, {"en": "play chords on (a string instrument)", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5335, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5274, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chorus", "id": "en-chorus", "inflections": {"past": "chorused", "past_participle": "chorused", "plural": "choruses", "present_participle": "chorusing", "third_person_singular": "choruses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒːrəs", "raw": "'kɒ:rәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chorus"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any utterance produced simultaneously by a group；a group of people assembled to sing together；a body of dancers or singers who perform together；a company of actors who comment (by speaking or singing in unison) on the action in a classical Greek play", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "合唱队, 齐声"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "齐声说道, 合唱"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1946, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "Christ", "id": "en-christ", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kraist", "raw": "kraist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "Christ"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "基督, 救世主"}, {"en": "n a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity (circa 4 BC - AD 29)；n any expected deliverer", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 22058, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1271, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "Christian", "id": "en-christian", "inflections": {"plural": "christians"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkristʃən", "raw": "'kristʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "Christian"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a religious person who believes Jesus is the Christ and who is a member of a Christian denomination", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "基督徒, 正派人"}, {"en": "relating to or characteristic of Christianity；following the teachings or manifesting the qualities or spirit of Jesus Christ", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "基督的, 基督教的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4016, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3654, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chronic", "id": "en-chronic", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkrɒnik", "raw": "'krɒnik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chronic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering；of long duration；habitual", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "慢性的, 习惯性的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "慢性病患者"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7920, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8992, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "chronicle", "id": "en-chronicle", "inflections": {"past": "chronicled", "past_participle": "chronicled", "plural": "chronicles", "present_participle": "chronicling", "third_person_singular": "chronicles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkrɒnikl", "raw": "'krɒnikl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "chronicle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "年代记, 记录, 编年史"}, {"en": "record in chronological order; make a historical record", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "把...载入编年史"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7267, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5696, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cigar", "id": "en-cigar", "inflections": {"plural": "cigars"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "siˈgɑː", "raw": "si'gɑ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cigar"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a roll of tobacco for smoking", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "雪茄"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 36140, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cigaret", "id": "en-cigaret", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": ",si^əˈret,ˈsi-", "raw": ",si^ә'ret,'si-", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cigaret"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "纸烟, 卷烟, 香烟"}, {"en": "n finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper; for smoking", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1832, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1506, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "circle", "id": "en-circle", "inflections": {"past": "circled", "past_participle": "circled", "plural": "circles", "present_participle": "circling", "third_person_singular": "circles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːkl", "raw": "'sә:kl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point；something approximating the shape of a circle；a curved section or tier of seats in a hall or theater or opera house; usually the first tier above the orchestra；any circular or rotating mechanism", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "圆周, 社交圈, 循环, 范围"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "围着, 环绕；盘旋, 循环"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2539, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4023, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "circuit", "id": "en-circuit", "inflections": {"past": "circuited", "past_participle": "circuited", "plural": "circuits", "present_participle": "circuiting", "third_person_singular": "circuits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːkit", "raw": "'sә:kit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circuit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an electrical device that provides a path for electrical current to flow；an established itinerary of venues or events that a particular group of people travel to；(law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations); one of the twelve groups of states in the United States that is covered by a particular circuit court of appeals", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "电路, 环(行)道, 巡回；线路; 电路"}, {"en": "make a circuit", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4711, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6749, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "circular", "id": "en-circular", "inflections": {"plural": "circulars"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːkjulə", "raw": "'sә:kjulә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circular"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "describing a circle; moving in a circle", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "圆形的, 循环的, 间接的；环状的, 循环的"}, {"en": "an advertisement (usually printed on a page or in a leaflet) intended for wide distribution", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4483, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5888, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "circulate", "id": "en-circulate", "inflections": {"past": "circulated", "past_participle": "circulated", "present_participle": "circulating", "third_person_singular": "circulates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːkjuleit", "raw": "'sә:kjuleit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circulate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to become widely known；cause be distributed；move through a space, circuit or system, returning to the starting point；cause to move in a circuit or system", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)流通, (使)循环, (使)传播"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4291, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5384, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "circulation", "id": "en-circulation", "inflections": {"plural": "circulations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌsəːkjuˈleiʃən", "raw": ".sә:kju'leiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circulation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the dissemination of copies of periodicals (as newspapers or magazines)；movement through a circuit; especially the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels；(library science) the count of books that are loaned by a library over a specified period；number of copies of a newspaper or magazine that are sold", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "流通, 循环, 发行量；环流"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15114, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 15774, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "circumference", "id": "en-circumference", "inflections": {"plural": "circumferences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "səˈkʌmfərəns", "raw": "sә'kʌmfәrәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circumference"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the size of something as given by the distance around it；the boundary line encompassing an area or object；the length of the closed curve of a circle", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "圆周, 周缘, 胸围；周缘, 环状面"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 905, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1780, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "circumstance", "id": "en-circumstance", "inflections": {"plural": "circumstances"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːkəmstəns", "raw": "'sә:kәmstәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circumstance"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity；information that should be kept in mind when making a decision；formal ceremony about important occasions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "环境, 状况, 事件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6391, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6045, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "circus", "id": "en-circus", "inflections": {"plural": "circuses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsəːkəs", "raw": "'sә:kәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "circus"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a travelling company of entertainers; including trained animals；a performance given by a traveling company of acrobats, clowns, and trained animals；a frenetic disorganized (and often comic) disturbance suggestive of a large public entertainment；(antiquity) an open-air stadium for chariot races and gladiatorial games", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "马戏团, 马戏, 竞技场"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2993, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1932, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cite", "id": "en-cite", "inflections": {"past": "cited", "past_participle": "cited", "present_participle": "citing", "third_person_singular": "cites"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "sait", "raw": "sait", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cite"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "建", "zh": "引用, 引证, 表彰；引证, 指引"}, {"en": "n a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage；v make reference to；v commend；v refer to；v repeat a passage from；v refer to for illustration or proof；v advance evidence for；v call in an official matter, such as to attend court", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1924, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1084, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "citizen", "id": "en-citizen", "inflections": {"plural": "citizens"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsitizn", "raw": "'sitizn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "citizen"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a native or naturalized member of a state or other political community", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "市民, 公民；公民, 国民, 市民"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1158, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1050, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "civil", "id": "en-civil", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsivəl", "raw": "'sivәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "civil"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military；not rude; marked by satisfactory (or especially minimal) adherence to social usages and sufficient but not noteworthy consideration for others；of or occurring within the state or between or among citizens of the state；of or relating to or befitting citizens as individuals", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "市民的, 公民的, 有礼貌的；公民的, 国民的, 民用的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5055, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3219, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "civilian", "id": "en-civilian", "inflections": {"plural": "civilians"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "siˈviljən", "raw": "si'viljәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "civilian"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a nonmilitary citizen", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "平民, 民法专家"}, {"en": "associated with civil life or performed by persons who are not active members of the military", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "平民的, 百姓的, 民用的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6655, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3459, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "civilization", "id": "en-civilization", "inflections": {"plural": "civilizations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "siˌvilaiˈzeiʃən", "raw": "si.vilai'zeiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "civilization"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)；the social process whereby societies achieve an advanced stage of development and organization", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "文明, 教化；文明, 文化, 文明国家的总称"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 37707, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 27624, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "civilize", "id": "en-civilize", "inflections": {"past": "civilized", "past_participle": "civilized", "present_participle": "civilizing", "third_person_singular": "civilizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsivilaiz", "raw": "'sivilaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "civilize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "raise from a barbaric to a civilized state", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使开化, 使文明；变文明"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 533, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 874, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "claim", "id": "en-claim", "inflections": {"past": "claimed", "past_participle": "claimed", "plural": "claims", "present_participle": "claiming", "third_person_singular": "claims"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kleim", "raw": "kleim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "claim"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an assertion of a right (as to money or property)；an assertion that something is true or factual；demand for something as rightful or due；an informal right to something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "要求, 要求权, 断言, 权利"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "要求, 认领, 主张；提出要求, 主张, 断言"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8614, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8228, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clamp", "id": "en-clamp", "inflections": {"past": "clamped", "past_participle": "clamped", "plural": "clamps", "present_participle": "clamping", "third_person_singular": "clamps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klæmp", "raw": "klæmp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clamp"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a device (generally used by carpenters) that holds things firmly together", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "夹钳"}, {"en": "fasten or fix with a clamp；impose or inflict forcefully", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "夹紧, 强加"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8015, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6723, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "clap", "id": "en-clap", "inflections": {"past": "clapped", "past_participle": "clapped", "plural": "claps", "present_participle": "clapping", "third_person_singular": "claps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klæp", "raw": "klæp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clap"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "拍手, 拍手声, 霹雳声, 花柳病"}, {"en": "put quickly or forcibly；cause to strike the air in flight；clap one's hands together；strike the air in flight", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "鼓掌, (使)啪地关上"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4552, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5050, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clarify", "id": "en-clarify", "inflections": {"past": "clarified", "past_participle": "clarified", "present_participle": "clarifying", "third_person_singular": "clarifies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklærifai", "raw": "'klærifai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clarify"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make clear and (more) comprehensible；make clear by removing impurities or solids, as by heating", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "澄清, 阐明；使明晰"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3873, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 6143, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clash", "id": "en-clash", "inflections": {"past": "clashed", "past_participle": "clashed", "plural": "clashes", "present_participle": "clashing", "third_person_singular": "clashes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klæʃ", "raw": "klæʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clash"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state of conflict between persons；a state of conflict between colors", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "冲突, 撞击声, 抵触"}, {"en": "be incompatible; be or come into conflict；disagree violently", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "冲突, 抵触；使发出撞击声；对撞"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7433, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8998, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clasp", "id": "en-clasp", "inflections": {"past": "clasped", "past_participle": "clasped", "plural": "clasps", "present_participle": "clasping", "third_person_singular": "clasps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klɑːsp", "raw": "klɑ:sp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clasp"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a fastener (as a buckle or hook) that is used to hold two things together；the act of grasping", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "扣子, 钩, 紧握"}, {"en": "hold firmly and tightly；grasp firmly", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "扣紧, 紧握"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2967, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2616, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "classic", "id": "en-classic", "inflections": {"plural": "classics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklæsik", "raw": "'klæsik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "classic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a creation of the highest excellence；an artist who has created classic works", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "古典作品, 杰作, 大艺术家"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "第一流的, 最优秀的, 古典的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2562, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3489, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "classical", "id": "en-classical", "inflections": {"plural": "classicals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklæsikl", "raw": "'klæsikl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "classical"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or relating to the most highly developed stage of an earlier civilisation and its culture；of or relating to the study of the literary works of ancient Greece and Rome；(language) having the form used by ancient standard authors；of or pertaining to or characteristic of the ancient Greek and Roman cultures", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "古典的, 正统派的, 经典的；古典的; 标准的, 典型的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3753, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5891, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "classification", "id": "en-classification", "inflections": {"plural": "classifications"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌklæsifiˈkeiʃən", "raw": ".klæsifi'keiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "classification"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a group of people or things arranged by class or category；the basic cognitive process of arranging into classes or categories；restriction imposed by the government on documents or weapons that are available only to certain authorized people", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "分类, 分级；分级; 分粒; 分类"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4168, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4515, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "classify", "id": "en-classify", "inflections": {"past": "classified", "past_participle": "classified", "present_participle": "classifying", "third_person_singular": "classifies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklæsifai", "raw": "'klæsifai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "classify"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "arrange or order by classes or categories；declare unavailable, as for security reasons", "pos": "vt.", "register": "建", "zh": "分类, 归类, 分等；分类, 分级, 分粒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12567, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13632, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clatter", "id": "en-clatter", "inflections": {"past": "clattered", "past_participle": "clattered", "plural": "clatters", "present_participle": "clattering", "third_person_singular": "clatters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklætə", "raw": "'klætә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clatter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "咔嗒声, 哗啦声, 嘈杂的谈笑声"}, {"en": "make a rattling sound", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "发出哗啦声, 喧闹的谈笑；使咔嗒咔嗒地响"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8058, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6934, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "claw", "id": "en-claw", "inflections": {"past": "clawed", "past_participle": "clawed", "plural": "claws", "present_participle": "clawing", "third_person_singular": "claws"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klɒː", "raw": "klɒ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "claw"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "sharp curved horny process on the toe of a bird or some mammals or reptiles；a grasping structure on the limb of a crustacean or other arthropods；a bird's foot", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "爪, 螯, 抓伤"}, {"en": "move as if by clawing, seizing, or digging", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "用爪抓, 挖, 搜刮"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3961, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4771, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clay", "id": "en-clay", "inflections": {"plural": "clays"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klei", "raw": "klei", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clay"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired；United States general who commanded United States forces in Europe from 1945 to 1949 and who oversaw the Berlin airlift (1897-1978)；United States politician responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave states (1777-1852)", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "泥土, 肉体, 黏土；粘土"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11509, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 15059, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cleanliness", "id": "en-cleanliness", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklenlinis", "raw": "'klenlinis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cleanliness"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the habit of keeping free of superficial imperfections；diligence in keeping clean", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "清洁, 干净"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6924, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8009, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clearing", "id": "en-clearing", "inflections": {"plural": "clearings", "present_participle": "clearing"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "clear", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkliəriŋ", "raw": "'kliәriŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clearing"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a tract of land with few or no trees in the middle of a wooded area；the act of freeing from suspicion；the act of removing solid particles from a liquid", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "清扫, 空地, 票据清算；票据交换, 结算, 结帐"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 907, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1157, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "client", "id": "en-client", "inflections": {"plural": "clients"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklaiənt", "raw": "'klaiәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "client"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who seeks the advice of a lawyer", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "客户, 顾客, 委托人；客户, 客户机, 客户机程序"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3551, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4312, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cliff", "id": "en-cliff", "inflections": {"plural": "cliffs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klif", "raw": "klif", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cliff"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a steep high face of rock", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "悬崖, 绝壁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6990, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 10683, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "climax", "id": "en-climax", "inflections": {"past": "climaxed", "past_participle": "climaxed", "plural": "climaxes", "present_participle": "climaxing", "third_person_singular": "climaxes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklaimæks", "raw": "'klaimæks", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "climax"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the highest point of anything conceived of as growing or developing or unfolding；the decisive moment in a novel or play；the most severe stage of a disease；arrangement of clauses in ascending order of forcefulness", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "高潮, 极点, 层进法"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)达到顶点, (使)达到高潮"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1646, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1566, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "climb", "id": "en-climb", "inflections": {"past": "climbed", "past_participle": "climbed", "plural": "climbs", "present_participle": "climbing", "third_person_singular": "climbs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klaim", "raw": "klaim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "climb"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "go upward with gradual or continuous progress；move with difficulty, by grasping", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "攀登, 上升, 爬"}, {"en": "an event that involves rising to a higher point (as in altitude or temperature or intensity etc.)；the act of climbing something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "攀登, 爬升"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3983, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4605, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cling", "id": "en-cling", "inflections": {"past": "clung", "past_participle": "clung", "present_participle": "clinging", "third_person_singular": "clings"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kliŋ", "raw": "kliŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cling"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "come or be in close contact with; stick or hold together and resist separation；to remain emotionally or intellectually attached；hold on tightly or tenaciously", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "粘紧, 附着, 紧贴, 坚持"}, {"en": "fruit (especially peach) whose flesh adheres strongly to the pit", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3298, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2388, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clinic", "id": "en-clinic", "inflections": {"plural": "clinics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklinik", "raw": "'klinik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clinic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a medical establishment run by a group of medical specialists；meeting for diagnosis of problems and instruction or remedial work in a particular activity；a healthcare facility for outpatient care", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "诊所, 临床教学；诊所(门诊部); 临床(讲解); 临床(学)科"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2725, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2584, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clinical", "id": "en-clinical", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklinikəl", "raw": "'klinikәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clinical"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "relating to a clinic or conducted in or as if in a clinic and depending on direct observation of patients；scientifically detached; unemotional", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "临床的, 门诊部的；临床的, 临证的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6959, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4208, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clip", "id": "en-clip", "inflections": {"past": "clipped", "past_participle": "clipped", "plural": "clips", "present_participle": "clipping", "third_person_singular": "clips"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klip", "raw": "klip", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clip"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of various small fasteners used to hold loose articles together；an article of jewelry that can be clipped onto a hat or dress；the act of clipping or snipping；a sharp slanting blow", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "修剪, 夹子, 回形针, 剪下来的东西"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "修剪, 痛打, 夹牢, 剪报；剪报"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6563, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8441, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cloak", "id": "en-cloak", "inflections": {"past": "cloaked", "past_participle": "cloaked", "plural": "cloaks", "present_participle": "cloaking", "third_person_singular": "cloaks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kləuk", "raw": "klәuk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cloak"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "anything that covers or conceals；a loose outer garment", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "斗蓬, 大氅, 掩护"}, {"en": "cover with or as if with a cloak", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "遮掩, 隐匿, 使披斗蓬"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 16117, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11482, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clockwise", "id": "en-clockwise", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklɒkwaiz", "raw": "'klɒkwaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clockwise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in the same direction as the rotating hands of a clock", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "顺时针方向的"}, {"en": "in the direction that the hands of a clock move", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "顺时针方向地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11999, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3473, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "closet", "id": "en-closet", "inflections": {"past": "closeted", "past_participle": "closeted", "plural": "closets", "present_participle": "closetting", "third_person_singular": "closets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklɒzit", "raw": "'klɒzit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "closet"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a small private room for study or prayer", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "壁橱, 小室"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "秘密的, 空谈的"}, {"en": "confine to a small space, as for intensive work", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "把...关入小室"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8787, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6889, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clown", "id": "en-clown", "inflections": {"past": "clowned", "past_participle": "clowned", "plural": "clowns", "present_participle": "clowning", "third_person_singular": "clowns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klaun", "raw": "klaun", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clown"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a rude or vulgar fool；a person who amuses others by ridiculous behavior", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小丑, 乡下人"}, {"en": "act as or like a clown", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3489, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3331, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clue", "id": "en-clue", "inflections": {"past": "clued", "past_participle": "clued", "plural": "clues", "present_participle": "cluing", "third_person_singular": "clues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kluː", "raw": "klu:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "evidence that helps to solve a problem", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "线索, 暗示"}, {"en": "roll into a ball", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "暗示, 提供线索"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8653, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9209, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clumsy", "id": "en-clumsy", "inflections": {"comparative": "clumsier", "superlative": "clumsiest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklʌmzi", "raw": "'klʌmzi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clumsy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "笨拙的, 不雅观的, 粗陋的"}, {"en": "s lacking grace in movement or posture；s not elegant or graceful in expression；s difficult to handle or manage especially because of shape；s showing lack of skill or aptitude", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4369, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3200, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cluster", "id": "en-cluster", "inflections": {"past": "clustered", "past_participle": "clustered", "plural": "clusters", "present_participle": "clustering", "third_person_singular": "clusters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈklʌstə", "raw": "'klʌstә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cluster"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "串, 丛, 群, 簇"}, {"en": "come together as in a cluster or flock", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "成串, 丛生；使聚集；簇"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4855, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5145, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "clutch", "id": "en-clutch", "inflections": {"past": "clutched", "past_participle": "clutched", "plural": "clutches", "present_participle": "clutching", "third_person_singular": "clutches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "klʌtʃ", "raw": "klʌtʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "clutch"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a tense critical situation；a number of birds hatched at the same time；a pedal or lever that engages or disengages a rotating shaft and a driving mechanism；a coupling that connects or disconnects driving and driven parts of a driving mechanism", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "抓紧, 掌握, 离合器, 一窝小鸡"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "抓住, 踩汽车离合器踏板；抓；联轴器; 离合器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2347, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1033, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "coach", "id": "en-coach", "inflections": {"past": "coached", "past_participle": "coached", "plural": "coaches", "present_participle": "coaching", "third_person_singular": "coaches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəutʃ", "raw": "kәutʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coach"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(sports) someone in charge of training an athlete or a team；a person who gives private instruction (as in singing, acting, etc.)；a carriage pulled by four horses with one driver", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "四轮大马车, 教练"}, {"en": "teach and supervise (someone); act as a trainer or coach (to), as in sports", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "训练, 指导；坐马车旅行, 作指导"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1761, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3336, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "coal", "id": "en-coal", "inflections": {"past": "coaled", "past_participle": "coaled", "plural": "coals", "present_participle": "coaling", "third_person_singular": "coals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəul", "raw": "kәul", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "fossil fuel consisting of carbonized vegetable matter deposited in the Carboniferous period", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "煤, 木炭"}, {"en": "supply with coal；take in coal", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "加煤"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2996, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2241, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coalition", "id": "en-coalition", "inflections": {"plural": "coalitions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkəuəˈliʃən", "raw": ".kәuә'liʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coalition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being combined into one body", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "结合体, 结合, 联合；联合, 联盟"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7031, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7903, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coarse", "id": "en-coarse", "inflections": {"comparative": "coarser", "present_participle": "coarsing", "superlative": "coarsest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːs", "raw": "kɒ:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coarse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles；lacking refinement or cultivation or taste；of low or inferior quality or value", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "粗糙的, 下等的, 粗俗的；粗略的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1854, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2436, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "coast", "id": "en-coast", "inflections": {"past": "coasted", "past_participle": "coasted", "plural": "coasts", "present_participle": "coasting", "third_person_singular": "coasts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəust", "raw": "kәust", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coast"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a slope down which sleds may coast；the area within view", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "海岸, 滑坡"}, {"en": "move effortlessly; by force of gravity", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "沿海岸而行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4584, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 4039, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coastal", "id": "en-coastal", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəustəl", "raw": "'kәustәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coastal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or relating to a coast；located on or near or bordering on a coast", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "海岸的, 沿海的, 沿岸的；海岸的, 沿海的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7962, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8484, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cock", "id": "en-cock", "inflections": {"past": "cocked", "past_participle": "cocked", "plural": "cocks", "present_participle": "cocking", "third_person_singular": "cocks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒk", "raw": "kɒk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cock"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "obscene terms for penis；adult male chicken；adult male bird", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "公鸡, 雄禽, 龙头, 头目, 锥形小干草堆"}, {"en": "tilt or slant to one side", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使耸立, 使竖起, 堆成锥形小干草堆；大摇大摆地走, 翘起"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7480, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5977, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coefficient", "id": "en-coefficient", "inflections": {"plural": "coefficients"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəuiˈfiʃənt", "raw": "kәui'fiʃәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coefficient"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a constant number that serves as a measure of some property or characteristic", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "系数；系数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4194, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6258, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coffin", "id": "en-coffin", "inflections": {"past": "coffined", "past_participle": "coffined", "plural": "coffins", "present_participle": "coffining", "third_person_singular": "coffins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒfin", "raw": "'kɒfin", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coffin"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "box in which a corpse is buried or cremated", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "棺材, 灵柩"}, {"en": "place into a coffin", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "把...装进棺材"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5220, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3344, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cognitive", "id": "en-cognitive", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒgnitiv", "raw": "'kɒgnitiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cognitive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or being or relating to or involving cognition", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "认知的, 认识的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5289, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7004, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coherent", "id": "en-coherent", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəuˈhiərənt", "raw": "kәu'hiәrәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coherent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "marked by an orderly, logical, and aesthetically consistent relation of parts；capable of thinking and expressing yourself in a clear and consistent manner；(physics) of waves having a constant phase relation；sticking together", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "互相耦合的, 清晰的, 明了的，凝聚性的, 连贯的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7984, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 9217, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coil", "id": "en-coil", "inflections": {"past": "coiled", "past_participle": "coiled", "plural": "coils", "present_participle": "coiling", "third_person_singular": "coils"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒil", "raw": "kɒil", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coil"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a structure consisting of something wound in a continuous series of loops；a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals)；a transformer that supplies high voltage to spark plugs in a gasoline engine", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "线圈, 盘绕, 骚动, 卷"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "盘绕, 卷"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2964, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 4376, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "coin", "id": "en-coin", "inflections": {"past": "coined", "past_participle": "coined", "plural": "coins", "present_participle": "coining", "third_person_singular": "coins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒin", "raw": "kɒin", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coin"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a flat metal piece (usually a disc) used as money", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "硬币, 金钱, 货币"}, {"en": "make up", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "铸币, 创造, 杜撰"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4134, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6656, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coincide", "id": "en-coincide", "inflections": {"past": "coincided", "past_participle": "coincided", "present_participle": "coinciding", "third_person_singular": "coincides"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkəuinˈsaid", "raw": ".kәuin'said", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coincide"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "go with, fall together；be the same", "pos": "vi.", "register": "chem", "zh": "一致, 符合；重合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5527, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5812, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coincidence", "id": "en-coincidence", "inflections": {"plural": "coincidences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəuˈinsidəns", "raw": "kәu'insidәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coincidence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an event that might have been arranged although it was really accidental；the quality of occupying the same position or area in space", "pos": "n.", "register": "电", "zh": "巧合, 同时发生；符合计数器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7961, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6388, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "collaborate", "id": "en-collaborate", "inflections": {"past": "collaborated", "past_participle": "collaborated", "present_participle": "collaborating", "third_person_singular": "collaborates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈlæbəreit", "raw": "kә'læbәreit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collaborate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "work together on a common enterprise of project；cooperate as a traitor", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "合作, 勾结；合作, 合著, 通敌"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4618, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4176, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "collaboration", "id": "en-collaboration", "inflections": {"plural": "collaborations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˌlæbəˈræʃən", "raw": "kә.læbә'ræʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collaboration"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "act of working jointly；act of cooperating traitorously with an enemy that is occupying your country", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "合作, 勾结；通敌卖国者, 奸细"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3094, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3212, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "collapse", "id": "en-collapse", "inflections": {"past": "collapsed", "past_participle": "collapsed", "plural": "collapses", "present_participle": "collapsing", "third_person_singular": "collapses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈlæps", "raw": "kә'læps", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collapse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an abrupt failure of function or complete physical exhaustion；a natural event caused by something suddenly falling down or caving in", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "崩溃, 倒塌, 虚脱"}, {"en": "break down, literally or metaphorically；fold or close up", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解；使倒塌, 折叠；折叠"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4205, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4548, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "collar", "id": "en-collar", "inflections": {"past": "collared", "past_participle": "collared", "plural": "collars", "present_participle": "collaring", "third_person_singular": "collars"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒlə", "raw": "'kɒlә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collar"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a band that fits around the neck and is usually folded over；(zoology) an encircling band or marking around the neck of any animal；anything worn or placed about the neck；a short ring fastened over a rod or shaft to limit, guide, or secure a machine part", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "衣领, 颈圈"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "控制, 扭住衣领, 给...装上领子"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1338, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1518, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "colleague", "id": "en-colleague", "inflections": {"plural": "colleagues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒliːg", "raw": "'kɒli:g", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "colleague"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an associate that one works with；a person who is member of one's class or profession", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "同事, 同僚"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1222, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1318, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "collect", "id": "en-collect", "inflections": {"past": "collected", "past_participle": "collected", "present_participle": "collecting", "third_person_singular": "collects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈlekt", "raw": "kә'lekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "call for and obtain payment of；get or bring together；gather or collect", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "收集, 聚集, 集中, 搜集"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "由收到者付款的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "由收到者付款地"}, {"en": "a short prayer generally preceding the lesson in the Church of Rome or the Church of England", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1038, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1045, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "collection", "id": "en-collection", "inflections": {"plural": "collections"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈlekʃən", "raw": "kә'lekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collection"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "several things grouped together or considered as a whole；a publication containing a variety of works；the act of gathering something together", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "收集, 采集, (一批)收藏品, 募捐；收集; 收集品, 标本"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3132, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3342, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "collective", "id": "en-collective", "inflections": {"plural": "collectives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈleiktiv", "raw": "kә'leiktiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collective"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "forming a whole or aggregate；set up on the principle of collectivism or ownership and production by the workers involved usually under the supervision of a government", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "集体的, 聚集的, 共同的；集体的, 集合的"}, {"en": "members of a cooperative enterprise", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7759, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7588, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "collide", "id": "en-collide", "inflections": {"past": "collided", "past_participle": "collided", "present_participle": "colliding", "third_person_singular": "collides"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈlaid", "raw": "kә'laid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collide"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to collide；crash together with violent impact", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "碰撞, 互撞, 抵触"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6488, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5633, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "collision", "id": "en-collision", "inflections": {"plural": "collisions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈliʒən", "raw": "kә'liʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "collision"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(physics) a brief event in which two or more bodies come together；an accident resulting from violent impact of a moving object；a conflict of opposed ideas or attitudes or goals", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "碰撞, 冲突, 抵触；冲突"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3566, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 6593, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "colonel", "id": "en-colonel", "inflections": {"plural": "colonels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəːnəl", "raw": "'kә:nәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "colonel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a commissioned military officer in the United States Army or Air Force or Marines who ranks above a lieutenant colonel and below a brigadier general", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "陆军上校, 长官"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4415, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3321, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "colonial", "id": "en-colonial", "inflections": {"plural": "colonials"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈləunjəl", "raw": "kә'lәunjәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "colonial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or relating to or characteristic of or inhabiting a colony；of animals who live in colonies, such as ants；composed of many distinct individuals united to form a whole or colony", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "殖民的, 殖民地的；殖民地居民"}, {"en": "a resident of a colony", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 20071, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9569, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "colonist", "id": "en-colonist", "inflections": {"plural": "colonists"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒlənist", "raw": "'kɒlәnist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "colonist"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "殖民地居民, 移民"}, {"en": "n a person who settles in a new colony or moves into new country", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3443, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3673, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "colony", "id": "en-colony", "inflections": {"plural": "colonies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒləni", "raw": "'kɒlәni", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "colony"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a body of people who settle far from home but maintain ties with their homeland; inhabitants remain nationals of their home state but are not literally under the home state's system of government；a group of organisms of the same type living or growing together；one of the 13 British colonies that formed the original states of the United States；a place where a group of people with the same interest or occupation are concentrated", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "殖民地, 移民队；菌(集)落, 菌丛; 移民区"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2007, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2074, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "column", "id": "en-column", "inflections": {"plural": "columns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒləm", "raw": "'kɒlәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "column"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a line of units following one after another；a vertical glass tube used in column chromatography; a mixture is poured in the top and washed through a stationary substance where components of the mixture are adsorbed selectively to form colored bands；a vertical array of numbers or other information；anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "专栏, 圆柱, 纵队, 列, 柱形物；列, 柱形图"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9845, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7329, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comb", "id": "en-comb", "inflections": {"past": "combed", "past_participle": "combed", "plural": "combs", "present_participle": "combing", "third_person_singular": "combs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəum", "raw": "kәum", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comb"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a flat device with narrow pointed teeth on one edge; disentangles or arranges hair；the fleshy red crest on the head of the domestic fowl and other gallinaceous birds；any of several tools for straightening fibers；ciliated comb-like swimming plate of a ctenophore", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "头梳, 鸡冠"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "梳头发, 梳毛；(浪)涌起"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5622, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3412, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "combat", "id": "en-combat", "inflections": {"past": "combated", "past_participle": "combatted", "present_participle": "combating", "third_person_singular": "combats"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmbæt", "raw": "'kɒmbæt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "combat"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an engagement fought between two military forces", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "争斗, 战斗"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "战斗, 争斗；与...战斗, 与...斗争"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1732, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1808, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "combination", "id": "en-combination", "inflections": {"plural": "combinations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmbiˈneiʃən", "raw": ".kɒmbi'neiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "combination"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a collection of things that have been combined; an assemblage of separate parts or qualities；a coordinated sequence of chess moves；a sequence of numbers or letters that opens a combination lock；a group of people (often temporary) having a common purpose", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "组合, 合并, 联合；组合图"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1581, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1448, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "combine", "id": "en-combine", "inflections": {"past": "combined", "past_participle": "combined", "plural": "combines", "present_participle": "combining", "third_person_singular": "combines"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈbain", "raw": "kәm'bain", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "combine"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "add together from different sources；join for a common purpose or in a common action", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)联合, (使)结合"}, {"en": "harvester that heads and threshes and cleans grain while moving across the field", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "(企业的)联合, 联合收割机"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12420, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9802, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "combustion", "id": "en-combustion", "inflections": {"plural": "combustions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈbʌstʃən", "raw": "kәm'bʌstʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "combustion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a process in which a substance reacts with oxygen to give heat and light；a state of violent disturbance and excitement", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "燃烧, 骚动；燃烧"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4172, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3216, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "comedy", "id": "en-comedy", "inflections": {"plural": "comedies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmidi", "raw": "'kɒmidi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comedy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "light and humorous drama with a happy ending", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "喜剧, 有趣的事情"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2827, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2928, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "comfort", "id": "en-comfort", "inflections": {"past": "comforted", "past_participle": "comforted", "plural": "comforts", "present_participle": "comforting", "third_person_singular": "comforts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌmfət", "raw": "'kʌmfәt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comfort"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain；a feeling of freedom from worry or disappointment；satisfaction or physical well-being provided by a person or thing；assistance, such as that provided to an enemy or to a known criminal", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "舒适, 安慰, 安慰者"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "安慰"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2195, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1701, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "comfortable", "id": "en-comfortable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌmfətəbl", "raw": "'kʌmfәtәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comfortable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (`comfy' is informal)；free from stress or conducive to mental ease; having or affording peace of mind；more than adequate；sufficient to provide comfort", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "舒服的, 轻松的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "盖被"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2166, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2378, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "command", "id": "en-command", "inflections": {"past": "commanded", "past_participle": "commanded", "plural": "commands", "present_participle": "commanding", "third_person_singular": "commands"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmɑːnd", "raw": "kә'mɑ:nd", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "command"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an authoritative direction or instruction to do something；a military unit or region under the control of a single officer；the power or authority to command；availability for use", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "命令, 指挥, 控制, 部队, 司令部"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": "comp", "zh": "命令, 指挥, 控制；命令; 指令; DOS外部命令:启动新的命令处理器"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3134, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2355, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commander", "id": "en-commander", "inflections": {"plural": "commanders"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmɑːndə", "raw": "kә'mɑ:ndә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commander"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone in an official position of authority who can command or control others；a commissioned naval officer who ranks above a lieutenant commander and below a captain", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "司令官, 指挥官"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4318, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9454, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commence", "id": "en-commence", "inflections": {"past": "commenced", "past_participle": "commenced", "present_participle": "commencing", "third_person_singular": "commences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmens", "raw": "kә'mens", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)开始, 得学位"}, {"en": "v take the first step or steps in carrying out an action；v set in motion, cause to start；v get off the ground", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7594, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 10548, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commend", "id": "en-commend", "inflections": {"past": "commended", "past_participle": "commended", "present_participle": "commending", "third_person_singular": "commends"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmend", "raw": "kә'mend", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commend"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "express approval of；present as worthy of regard, kindness, or confidence；give to in charge；express a good opinion of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "嘉奖, 委托给, 推荐"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1279, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1363, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "comment", "id": "en-comment", "inflections": {"past": "commented", "past_participle": "commented", "plural": "comments", "present_participle": "commenting", "third_person_singular": "comments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒment", "raw": "'kɒment", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "注解, 批评, 评论, 备注"}, {"en": "make or write a comment on；explain or interpret something", "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "评论, 注解；备注"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5593, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5032, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commentary", "id": "en-commentary", "inflections": {"plural": "commentaries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒməntəri", "raw": "'kɒmәntәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commentary"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "注释, 评论, 说明；注释, 评注, 评论"}, {"en": "n a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4189, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4647, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commerce", "id": "en-commerce", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒməːs", "raw": "'kɒmә:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commerce"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "transactions (sales and purchases) having the objective of supplying commodities (goods and services)；social exchange, especially of opinions, attitudes, etc.", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "商业, 商务, 贸易；商业, 贸易, 商务"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1235, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1027, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "commercial", "id": "en-commercial", "inflections": {"plural": "commercials"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈməːʃəl", "raw": "kә'mә:ʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commercial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises；of or relating to commercialism；of the kind or quality used in commerce; average or inferior", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "商业的, 商用的, 商品化的"}, {"en": "a commercially sponsored ad on radio or television", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "商业广告节目"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 898, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2379, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "commission", "id": "en-commission", "inflections": {"past": "commissioned", "past_participle": "commissioned", "plural": "commissions", "present_participle": "commissioning", "third_person_singular": "commissions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmiʃən", "raw": "kә'miʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commission"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a fee for services rendered based on a percentage of an amount received or collected or agreed to be paid (as distinguished from a salary)；the act of granting authority to undertake certain functions；the state of being in good working order and ready for operation；a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "委任状, 任官令, 所委职责, 佣金, 犯, 委托, 所托之事"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "委任, 委托制作, 使服役"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1393, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1394, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "commit", "id": "en-commit", "inflections": {"past": "committed", "past_participle": "committed", "present_participle": "committing", "third_person_singular": "commits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmit", "raw": "kә'mit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to be admitted; of persons to an institution；engage in or perform", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "委托(托付), 犯罪, 指派...作战, 使承担义务；犯, 做, 把...交托给"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1355, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 1616, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "commitment", "id": "en-commitment", "inflections": {"plural": "commitments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmitmənt", "raw": "kә'mitmәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commitment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of binding yourself (intellectually or emotionally) to a course of action；an engagement by contract involving financial obligation；a message that makes a pledge；the official act of consigning a person to confinement (as in a prison or mental hospital)", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "委托, 交押, 承担义务, 赞助；院禁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 450, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 1428, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "committee", "id": "en-committee", "inflections": {"plural": "committees"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmiti", "raw": "kә'miti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "committee"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a special group delegated to consider some matter；a self-constituted organization to promote something", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "委员会；委员会"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4365, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4581, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commodity", "id": "en-commodity", "inflections": {"plural": "commodities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmɒditi", "raw": "kә'mɒditi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commodity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "articles of commerce", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "农产品, 商品, 有用的物品；商品, 货物, 日用品"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 554, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 710, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "common", "id": "en-common", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmən", "raw": "'kɒmәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "common"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "belonging to or participated in by a community as a whole; public；having no special distinction or quality; widely known or commonly encountered; average or ordinary or usual；common to or shared by two or more parties；commonly encountered", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "通常的, 共同的, 通俗的, 公共的；公用块"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2983, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3755, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "commonly", "id": "en-commonly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmənli", "raw": "'kɒmәnli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commonly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "一般, 普通, 通常"}, {"en": "r under normal conditions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8456, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8669, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commonplace", "id": "en-commonplace", "inflections": {"plural": "commonplaces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmənpleis", "raw": "'kɒmәnpleis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commonplace"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "寻常事, 老生常谈, 普通的东西"}, {"en": "completely ordinary and unremarkable；not challenging; dull and lacking excitement", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "平凡的, 普通的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11759, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 21690, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commonsense", "id": "en-commonsense", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": ",kɔmənˈsens", "raw": ",kɔmәn'sens", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commonsense"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "exhibiting native good judgment", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "有常识的, 一望而知的, 明明白白的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3891, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 14121, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commonwealth", "id": "en-commonwealth", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɔmənwelθ", "raw": "'kɔmәnwelθ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commonwealth"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)；a world organization of autonomous states that are united in allegiance to a central power but are not subordinate to it or to one another", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "共和国；联邦；国民整体"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3006, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2672, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "communicate", "id": "en-communicate", "inflections": {"past": "communicated", "past_participle": "communicated", "present_participle": "communicating", "third_person_singular": "communicates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmjuːnikeit", "raw": "kә'mju:nikeit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "communicate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "transmit information；transmit thoughts or feelings；join or connect；be in verbal contact; interchange information or ideas", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "显露, 传达, 感染；通讯"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1039, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1250, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "communication", "id": "en-communication", "inflections": {"plural": "communications"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˌmjuːniˈkeiʃən", "raw": "kә.mju:ni'keiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "communication"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information；something that is communicated by or to or between people or groups；a connection allowing access between persons or places", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "交流, 交通, 通讯；通信"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5758, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 7085, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "communism", "id": "en-communism", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmjunizm", "raw": "'kɒmjunizm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "communism"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a form of socialism that abolishes private ownership；a political theory favoring collectivism in a classless society", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "共产主义"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2146, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 5543, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "communist", "id": "en-communist", "inflections": {"plural": "communists"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmjunist", "raw": "'kɒmjunist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "communist"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a member of the communist party；a socialist who advocates communism", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "共产主义者, 共产党员；共产主义的, 共产党的"}, {"en": "relating to or marked by communism", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 335, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 296, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "community", "id": "en-community", "inflections": {"plural": "communities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmjuːniti", "raw": "kә'mju:niti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "community"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a group of people living in a particular local area；common ownership；a group of nations having common interests；agreement as to goals", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "社区, 公众, 共有, 共同体；公众, 共有, 社会"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11235, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6867, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "commute", "id": "en-commute", "inflections": {"past": "commuted", "past_participle": "commuted", "present_participle": "commuting", "third_person_singular": "commutes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈmjuːt", "raw": "kә'mju:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "commute"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "exchange positions without a change in value；travel back and forth regularly, as between one's place of work and home；exchange a penalty for a less severe one", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "交换, 折偿, 减轻；代偿, 经常乘车来往"}, {"en": "a regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4495, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6203, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compact", "id": "en-compact", "inflections": {"comparative": "compacter", "past": "compacted", "past_participle": "compacted", "plural": "compacts", "present_participle": "compacting", "third_person_singular": "compacts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpækt", "raw": "kәm'pækt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compact"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "closely and firmly united or packed together", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "紧凑的, 紧密的, 简洁的"}, {"en": "have the property of being packable or of compacting easily", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使紧密结合, 压缩；变坚实"}, {"en": "a small cosmetics case with a mirror; to be carried in a woman's purse；a small and economical car", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3024, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3547, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "companion", "id": "en-companion", "inflections": {"past": "companioned", "past_participle": "companioned", "plural": "companions", "present_participle": "companioning", "third_person_singular": "companions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpænjən", "raw": "kәm'pænjәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "companion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a friend who is frequently in the company of another；a traveler who accompanies you；one paid to accompany or assist or live with another", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "朋友, 陪伴, 指南, 升降口围罩"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "陪伴"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3741, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4639, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comparable", "id": "en-comparable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmpərəbl", "raw": "'kɒmpәrәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comparable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "able to be compared or worthy of comparison；conforming in every respect", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "可比较的, 比得上的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4586, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6267, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comparative", "id": "en-comparative", "inflections": {"plural": "comparatives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpærətiv", "raw": "kәm'pærәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comparative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "relating to or based on or involving comparison", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "比较的, 相对的"}, {"en": "the comparative form of an adjective or adverb", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "对手"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 773, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 831, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "compare", "id": "en-compare", "inflections": {"past": "compared", "past_participle": "compared", "present_participle": "comparing", "third_person_singular": "compares"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpєə", "raw": "kәm'pєә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compare"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "examine and note the similarities or differences of；be comparable；consider or describe as similar, equal, or analogous；to form the comparative or superlative form on an adjective or adverb", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "比较, 比喻, 对照；相比"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "比较；比较"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7064, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7958, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compass", "id": "en-compass", "inflections": {"past": "compassed", "past_participle": "compassed", "plural": "compasses", "present_participle": "compassing", "third_person_singular": "compasses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌmpəs", "raw": "'kʌmpәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compass"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "navigational instrument for finding directions；the limit of capability；drafting instrument used for drawing circles", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "指南针, 范围, 音域"}, {"en": "bring about; accomplish", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "包围, 达到, 图谋, 理解"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9133, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 12951, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compatibility", "id": "en-compatibility", "inflections": {"plural": "compatibilities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˌpætəˈbiliti", "raw": "kәm.pætә'biliti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compatibility"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a feeling of sympathetic understanding；capability of existing or performing in harmonious or congenial combination", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "兼容性；兼容性"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5142, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7017, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compatible", "id": "en-compatible", "inflections": {"plural": "compatibles", "third_person_singular": "compatibles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpætəbl", "raw": "kәm'pætәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compatible"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "able to exist and perform in harmonious or agreeable combination；capable of being used with or connected to other devices or components without modification；capable of forming a homogeneous mixture that neither separates nor is altered by chemical interaction", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "能共处的, 可并立的, 适合的；相容的; 兼容的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18779, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 15497, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compatriot", "id": "en-compatriot", "inflections": {"plural": "compatriots"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpætriət", "raw": "kәm'pætriәt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compatriot"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person from your own country", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "同国人"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "同国的, 同胞的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4965, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4449, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compel", "id": "en-compel", "inflections": {"past": "compelled", "past_participle": "compelled", "plural": "compels", "present_participle": "compelling", "third_person_singular": "compels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpel", "raw": "kәm'pel", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "force somebody to do something；necessitate or exact", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "强迫, 迫使"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4464, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5037, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compensate", "id": "en-compensate", "inflections": {"past": "compensated", "past_participle": "compensated", "present_participle": "compensating", "third_person_singular": "compensates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmpenseit", "raw": "'kɒmpenseit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compensate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "adjust for；make amends for; pay compensation for；make payment to; compensate", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "偿还, 补偿, 付报酬"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2611, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3796, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compensation", "id": "en-compensation", "inflections": {"plural": "compensations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmpenˈseiʃən", "raw": ".kɒmpen'seiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compensation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something (such as money) given or received as payment or reparation (as for a service or loss or injury)；(psychiatry) a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings by exaggerating desirable behaviors", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "补偿, 赔偿金, 工资；代偿(机能), 补偿"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2583, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2065, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "compete", "id": "en-compete", "inflections": {"past": "competed", "past_participle": "competed", "present_participle": "competing", "third_person_singular": "competes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpiːt", "raw": "kәm'pi:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compete"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "compete for something; engage in a contest; measure oneself against others", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "竞争, 对抗"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4201, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5191, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "competence", "id": "en-competence", "inflections": {"plural": "competences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmpitəns", "raw": "'kɒmpitәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "competence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "胜任, 职称, 能力；能力, 活性"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4995, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5797, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "competent", "id": "en-competent", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmpitənt", "raw": "'kɒmpitәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "competent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "properly or sufficiently qualified or capable or efficient；adequate for the purpose；legally qualified or sufficient", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "能干的, 胜任的, 有效的, 足够的；有权的, 授权的, 胜任的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 992, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1345, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "competition", "id": "en-competition", "inflections": {"plural": "competitions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmpiˈtiʃən", "raw": ".kɒmpi'tiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "competition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers；the act of competing as for profit or a prize", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "竞争, 竞赛；竞争, 竞销, 比赛"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2363, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2307, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "competitive", "id": "en-competitive", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpetitiv", "raw": "kәm'petitiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "competitive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "involving competition or competitiveness；subscribing to capitalistic competition；showing a fighting disposition", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "竞争的；竞争的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3328, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3259, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "competitor", "id": "en-competitor", "inflections": {"plural": "competitors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpetitə", "raw": "kәm'petitә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "competitor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "竞争者；竞争者, 竞争对手"}, {"en": "n the contestant you hope to defeat", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4566, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5289, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compile", "id": "en-compile", "inflections": {"past": "compiled", "past_participle": "compiled", "present_participle": "compiling", "third_person_singular": "compiles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpail", "raw": "kәm'pail", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compile"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "use a computer program to translate source code written in a particular programming language into computer-readable machine code that can be executed", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "编译, 编辑, 编纂, 收集；编译"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2033, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1859, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "complain", "id": "en-complain", "inflections": {"past": "complained", "past_participle": "complained", "present_participle": "complaining", "third_person_singular": "complains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈplein", "raw": "kәm'plein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "express complaints, discontent, displeasure, or unhappiness；make a formal accusation; bring a formal charge", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "抱怨, 抗议, 控诉"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1996, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2325, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "complaint", "id": "en-complaint", "inflections": {"plural": "complaints"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpleint", "raw": "kәm'pleint", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complaint"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(formerly) a loud cry (or repeated cries) of pain or rage or sorrow；an expression of grievance or resentment；(civil law) the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim for relief is based", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "诉苦, 抱怨, 控诉；陈诉; 病"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5703, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6760, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "complement", "id": "en-complement", "inflections": {"past": "complemented", "past_participle": "complemented", "plural": "complements", "present_participle": "complementing", "third_person_singular": "complements"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmplimənt", "raw": "'kɒmplimәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complement"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical construction；a complete number or quantity；number needed to make up a whole force；something added to complete or embellish or make perfect", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "补足物, 补语, 补数"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "补充, 补足；补码; 反相器; 补数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 998, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 1207, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "complete", "id": "en-complete", "inflections": {"past": "completed", "past_participle": "completed", "present_participle": "completing", "third_person_singular": "completes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpliːt", "raw": "kәm'pli:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complete"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "完全的, 十足的, 完成的"}, {"en": "come or bring to a finish or an end; others finished in over 4 hours\"；bring to a whole, with all the necessary parts or elements；complete a pass；write all the required information onto a form", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "完成, 完工, 使圆满"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1163, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 1169, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "completely", "id": "en-completely", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpliːtli", "raw": "kәm'pli:tli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "completely"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "so as to be complete; with everything necessary", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "完全地, 十分地, 圆满地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3047, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5019, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "completion", "id": "en-completion", "inflections": {"plural": "completions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpliːʃən", "raw": "kәm'pli:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "completion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(American football) a successful forward pass in football；a concluding action", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "完成；完井, 结束, 完工"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1339, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1598, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "complex", "id": "en-complex", "inflections": {"past": "complexed", "plural": "complexes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpleks", "raw": "kәm'pleks", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complex"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts；a compound described in terms of the central atom to which other atoms are bound or coordinated；(psychoanalysis) a combination of emotions and impulses that have been rejected from awareness but still influence a person's behavior", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "综合体, 情结, 络合物"}, {"en": "complicated in structure; consisting of interconnected parts", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "复杂的, 组合的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3335, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3757, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "complexity", "id": "en-complexity", "inflections": {"plural": "complexities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpleksiti", "raw": "kәm'pleksiti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complexity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the quality of being intricate and compounded", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "复杂, 复杂性, 复杂的事物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9479, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5983, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "complicate", "id": "en-complicate", "inflections": {"past": "complicated", "past_participle": "complicated", "present_participle": "complicating", "third_person_singular": "complicates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmplikeit", "raw": "'kɒmplikeit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complicate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make more complicated；make more complex, intricate, or richer", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "弄复杂, 使错综, 使恶化；变复杂"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2736, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2750, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "complicated", "id": "en-complicated", "inflections": {"past": "complicated", "past_participle": "complicated"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "complicated", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmplikeitid", "raw": "'kɒmplikeitid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complicated"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "difficult to analyze or understand", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "复杂的；并发的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4982, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4995, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "complication", "id": "en-complication", "inflections": {"plural": "complications"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmpliˈkeiʃən", "raw": ".kɒmpli'keiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "complication"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act or process of complicating；a situation or condition that is complex or confused；any disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another disease；a development that complicates a situation", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "复杂化, 复杂情况；并发症, 并发病"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6865, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7568, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compliment", "id": "en-compliment", "inflections": {"past": "complimented", "past_participle": "complimented", "plural": "compliments", "present_participle": "complimenting", "third_person_singular": "compliments"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmplimənt", "raw": "'kɒmplimәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compliment"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a remark (or act) expressing praise and admiration", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "称赞, 恭维, 敬意"}, {"en": "say something to someone that expresses praise；express respect or esteem for", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "称赞, 褒扬, 恭维"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3441, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4637, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comply", "id": "en-comply", "inflections": {"past": "complied", "past_participle": "complied", "present_participle": "complying", "third_person_singular": "complies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈplai", "raw": "kәm'plai", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comply"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "act in accordance with someone's rules, commands, or wishes", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "顺从, 依从；遵守, 承诺, 照做"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1631, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1760, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "component", "id": "en-component", "inflections": {"plural": "components"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpəunənt", "raw": "kәm'pәunәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "component"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an abstract part of something；an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "元件, 组件, 成分"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "组成的, 构成的；组件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3128, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3379, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compose", "id": "en-compose", "inflections": {"past": "composed", "past_participle": "composed", "present_participle": "composing", "third_person_singular": "composes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpəuz", "raw": "kәm'pәuz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compose"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "form the substance of；write music；put together out of existing material；calm (someone, especially oneself); make quiet", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "组成, 写作, 作曲, 使平静；创作, 排字；编写"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4435, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4999, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "composer", "id": "en-composer", "inflections": {"plural": "composers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpəuzə", "raw": "kәm'pәuzә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "composer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who composes music as a profession", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "作曲家, 作家, 调停者"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8078, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6741, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "composite", "id": "en-composite", "inflections": {"plural": "composites"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpɒzit", "raw": "kәm'pɒzit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "composite"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "consisting of separate interconnected parts；of or relating to or belonging to the plant family Compositae", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "合成的, 混合成的, 菊科的"}, {"en": "considered the most highly evolved dicotyledonous plants, characterized by florets arranged in dense heads that resemble single flowers", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "合成物, 复合材料, 菊科"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2911, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3000, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "composition", "id": "en-composition", "inflections": {"plural": "compositions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒmpəˈziʃən", "raw": "kɒmpә'ziʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "composition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the spatial property resulting from the arrangement of parts in relation to each other and to the whole；a mixture of ingredients；an essay (especially one written as an assignment)；something that is created by arranging several things to form a unified whole", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "作文, 创作, 组成；成分; 组成"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3595, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3428, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compound", "id": "en-compound", "inflections": {"past": "compounded", "past_participle": "compounded", "plural": "compounds", "present_participle": "compounding", "third_person_singular": "compounds"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpaund", "raw": "kәm'paund", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compound"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a whole formed by a union of two or more elements or parts；(chemistry) a substance formed by chemical union of two or more elements or ingredients in definite proportion by weight；an enclosure of residences and other building (especially in the Orient)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "混合物, 复合词, 化合物, 院子"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "复合的, 混合的, 化合的"}, {"en": "put or add together", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "化合, 和解, 妥协；使复合, 使化合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8488, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6899, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comprehend", "id": "en-comprehend", "inflections": {"past": "comprehended", "past_participle": "comprehended", "present_participle": "comprehending", "third_person_singular": "comprehends"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmpriˈhend", "raw": ".kɒmpri'hend", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comprehend"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "理解, 包括"}, {"en": "v get the meaning of something；v to become aware of through the senses；v include in scope; include as part of something broader; have as one's sphere or territory", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7886, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7826, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comprehension", "id": "en-comprehension", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmpriˈhenʃən", "raw": ".kɒmpri'henʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comprehension"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "理解, 包含"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2442, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2896, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comprehensive", "id": "en-comprehensive", "inflections": {"plural": "comprehensives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒmpriˈhensiv", "raw": ".kɒmpri'hensiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comprehensive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "including all or everything；broad in scope", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "广泛的, 有理解力的, 综合的；广泛的, 综合的, 全面的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9573, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9510, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compress", "id": "en-compress", "inflections": {"past": "compressed", "past_participle": "compressed", "plural": "compresses", "present_participle": "compressing", "third_person_singular": "compresses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpres", "raw": "kәm'pres", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compress"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make more compact by or as if by pressing；squeeze or press together", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "压缩, 压紧；受压缩小；压缩程序"}, {"en": "a cloth pad or dressing (with or without medication) applied firmly to some part of the body (to relieve discomfort or reduce fever)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8171, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 8364, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compression", "id": "en-compression", "inflections": {"plural": "compressions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpreʃən", "raw": "kәm'preʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compression"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the process or result of becoming smaller or pressed together；encoding information while reducing the bandwidth or bits required；applying pressure", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "压缩, 压紧；压缩"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2504, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4392, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comprise", "id": "en-comprise", "inflections": {"past": "comprised", "past_participle": "comprised", "present_participle": "comprising", "third_person_singular": "comprises"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpraiz", "raw": "kәm'praiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comprise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "包含, 构成"}, {"en": "v be composed of；v include or contain; have as a component；v form or compose", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3685, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3751, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compromise", "id": "en-compromise", "inflections": {"past": "compromised", "past_participle": "compromised", "plural": "compromises", "present_participle": "compromising", "third_person_singular": "compromises"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmprəmaiz", "raw": "'kɒmprәmaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compromise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a middle way between two extremes；an accommodation in which both sides make concessions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "妥协, 折中, 折中方案, 和解"}, {"en": "make a compromise; arrive at a compromise; we all must compromise\"；settle by concession", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "妥协处理；危害"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3997, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 12735, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compulsory", "id": "en-compulsory", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpʌlsəri", "raw": "kәm'pʌlsәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compulsory"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "required by rule", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "被强制的, 强迫的, 义务的；强迫的, 强制的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10477, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7824, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "compute", "id": "en-compute", "inflections": {"past": "computed", "past_participle": "computed", "present_participle": "computing", "third_person_singular": "computes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəmˈpjuːt", "raw": "kәm'pju:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "compute"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "计算, 估算"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "计算, 估算"}, {"en": "v make a mathematical calculation or computation", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6545, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7425, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "comrade", "id": "en-comrade", "inflections": {"plural": "comrades"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒmreid", "raw": "'kɒmreid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "comrade"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a fellow member of the Communist Party", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "同志, 伙伴"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3994, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5148, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conceal", "id": "en-conceal", "inflections": {"past": "concealed", "past_participle": "concealed", "present_participle": "concealing", "third_person_singular": "conceals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsiːl", "raw": "kәn'si:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conceal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "hold back; keep from being perceived by others", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "隐藏, 掩盖, 隐瞒；隐瞒, 隐匿, 保守秘密"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3862, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4192, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "concede", "id": "en-concede", "inflections": {"past": "conceded", "past_participle": "conceded", "present_participle": "conceding", "third_person_singular": "concedes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsiːd", "raw": "kәn'si:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concede"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "admit (to a wrongdoing)；be willing to concede；give over; surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another；acknowledge defeat", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "承认, 退让；让步"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 19353, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 17757, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conceit", "id": "en-conceit", "inflections": {"plural": "conceits"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsiːt", "raw": "kәn'si:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conceit"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an elaborate poetic image or a far-fetched comparison of very dissimilar things；a witty or ingenious turn of phrase；an artistic device or effect；the trait of being unduly vain and conceited; false pride", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "自负, 空想, 狂妄"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3806, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4169, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conceive", "id": "en-conceive", "inflections": {"past": "conceived", "past_participle": "conceived", "present_participle": "conceiving", "third_person_singular": "conceives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsiːv", "raw": "kәn'si:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conceive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "become pregnant; undergo conception", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "构思, 认为；怀孕"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1341, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2358, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concentrate", "id": "en-concentrate", "inflections": {"past": "concentrated", "past_participle": "concentrated", "plural": "concentrates", "present_participle": "concentrating", "third_person_singular": "concentrates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsəntreit", "raw": "'kɒnsәntreit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concentrate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a concentrated form of a foodstuff; the bulk is reduced by removing water；a concentrated example of something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "浓缩, 精选"}, {"en": "make denser, stronger, or purer；direct one's attention on something", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "集中, 专心"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8461, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 10098, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "concentrated", "id": "en-concentrated", "inflections": {"past": "concentrated", "past_participle": "concentrated"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "concentrate", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsəntreitid", "raw": "'kɒnsәntreitid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concentrated"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "gathered together or made less diffuse；of or relating to a solution whose dilution has been reduced；intensely focused", "pos": "a.", "register": "建", "zh": "集中的, 浓缩的；浓的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1564, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2752, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concentration", "id": "en-concentration", "inflections": {"plural": "concentrations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒnsənˈtreiʃən", "raw": ".kɒnsәn'treiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concentration"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the strength of a solution; number of molecules of a substance in a given volume；the spatial property of being crowded together；strengthening the concentration (as of a solute in a mixture) by removing diluting material；increase in density", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "集中, 专心；浓度; 浓缩"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1101, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1158, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concept", "id": "en-concept", "inflections": {"plural": "concepts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsept", "raw": "'kɒnsept", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concept"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an abstract or general idea inferred or derived from specific instances", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "观念, 概念；概念"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3245, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4636, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conception", "id": "en-conception", "inflections": {"plural": "conceptions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒnˈsepʃən", "raw": "kɒn'sepʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conception"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of becoming pregnant; fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "观念, 概念；妊娠, 受孕; 概念"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 836, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 717, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concern", "id": "en-concern", "inflections": {"past": "concerned", "past_participle": "concerned", "plural": "concerns", "present_participle": "concerning", "third_person_singular": "concerns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsəːn", "raw": "kәn'sә:n", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concern"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something that interests you because it is important or affects you；an anxious feeling；a feeling of sympathy for someone or something；something or someone that causes anxiety; a source of unhappiness", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "关心, 忧虑"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "与...有关, 使担心, 使挂念"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2659, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3395, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concerning", "id": "en-concerning", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": "concern", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsəːniŋ", "raw": "kәn'sә:niŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concerning"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "prep.", "register": "law", "zh": "关于；关于"}, {"en": "v be relevant to；v be on the mind of", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2941, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2515, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concert", "id": "en-concert", "inflections": {"plural": "concerts", "present_participle": "concerting"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsət", "raw": "'kɒnsәt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concert"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a performance of music by players or singers not involving theatrical staging", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "音乐会, 和声, 一致"}, {"en": "contrive (a plan) by mutual agreement；settle by agreement", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "协力, 协调；协力；美国北卡罗来纳州Internet网"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3835, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 5001, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "concession", "id": "en-concession", "inflections": {"plural": "concessions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈseʃən", "raw": "kәn'seʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concession"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business；the act of conceding or yielding；a point conceded or yielded", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "特许, 让步, 认可；核准, 许可, 特殊(权)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11311, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 15935, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "concise", "id": "en-concise", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsais", "raw": "kәn'sais", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "expressing much in few words", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "简洁的, 简明的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1687, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1670, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conclude", "id": "en-conclude", "inflections": {"past": "concluded", "past_participle": "concluded", "present_participle": "concluding", "third_person_singular": "concludes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈkluːd", "raw": "kәn'klu:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conclude"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "bring to a close；reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation；come to a close；reach agreement on", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "结束, 作结论, 推断；结束, 推断"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1282, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1666, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conclusion", "id": "en-conclusion", "inflections": {"plural": "conclusions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈkluːʒən", "raw": "kәn'klu:ʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conclusion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an intuitive assumption；the proposition arrived at by logical reasoning (such as the proposition that must follow from the major and minor premises of a syllogism)；a final settlement；the last section of a communication", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "结论, 结尾, 推论；缔结, 结论, 推论"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3840, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3310, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "concrete", "id": "en-concrete", "inflections": {"past": "concreted", "past_participle": "concreted", "present_participle": "concreting", "third_person_singular": "concretes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnkriːt", "raw": "'kɒnkri:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "concrete"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a strong hard building material composed of sand and gravel and cement and water", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "凝结物, 混凝土"}, {"en": "capable of being perceived by the senses; not abstract or imaginary", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "具体的, 实在的, 混凝土的"}, {"en": "cover with cement；form into a solid mass; coalesce", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)凝结, 用混凝土浇筑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3223, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4138, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "condemn", "id": "en-condemn", "inflections": {"past": "condemned", "past_participle": "condemned", "present_participle": "condemning", "third_person_singular": "condemns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈdem", "raw": "kәn'dem", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "condemn"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "express strong disapproval of；declare or judge unfit for use or habitation；compel or force into a particular state or activity；demonstrate the guilt of (someone)", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "判刑, 责备, 谴责；定罪, 判刑, 宣告有罪"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13961, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 13674, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "condense", "id": "en-condense", "inflections": {"past": "condensed", "past_participle": "condensed", "plural": "condenses", "present_participle": "condensing", "third_person_singular": "condenses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈdens", "raw": "kәn'dens", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "condense"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "undergo condensation; change from a gaseous to a liquid state and fall in drops；remove water from；cause a gas or vapor to change into a liquid；become more compact or concentrated", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使浓缩, 使压缩, 缩短；浓缩, 凝结"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 399, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 629, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "condition", "id": "en-condition", "inflections": {"past": "conditioned", "past_participle": "conditioned", "plural": "conditions", "present_participle": "conditioning", "third_person_singular": "conditions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈdiʃən", "raw": "kәn'diʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "condition"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state at a particular time；an assumption on which rests the validity or effect of something else；a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing；the state of (good) health (especially in the phrases `in condition' or `in shape' or `out of condition' or `out of shape')", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "情况, 条件"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使健康, 以...为条件, 决定, 使适应；条件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1792, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1162, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conduct", "id": "en-conduct", "inflections": {"past": "conducted", "past_participle": "conducted", "present_participle": "conducting", "third_person_singular": "conducts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɔndʌkt, -dəkt", "raw": "'kɔndʌkt, -dәkt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conduct"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "行为, 举动, 指导"}, {"en": "direct the course of; manage or control；lead, as in the performance of a composition; Barenboim conducted the Chicago symphony for years\"；lead musicians in the performance of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "为人, 指挥, 管理, 实施；领导, 传导, 指挥"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6176, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5912, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conductor", "id": "en-conductor", "inflections": {"plural": "conductors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈdʌktə", "raw": "kәn'dʌktә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conductor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the person who leads a musical group；a substance that readily conducts e.g. electricity and heat；the person who collects fares on a public conveyance；a device designed to transmit electricity, heat, etc.", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "领导者, 指挥者, 售票员, 向导；导体"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4769, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7144, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "confer", "id": "en-confer", "inflections": {"past": "conferred", "past_participle": "conferred", "present_participle": "conferring", "third_person_singular": "confers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfəː", "raw": "kәn'fә:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "have a conference in order to talk something over；present", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "授予, 带来；协商"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 890, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 965, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conference", "id": "en-conference", "inflections": {"plural": "conferences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnfərəns", "raw": "'kɒnfәrәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conference"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion (especially one with a formal agenda)；a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "会议；会议, 讨论会, 协商会"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4102, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3950, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "confess", "id": "en-confess", "inflections": {"past": "confessed", "past_participle": "confessed", "present_participle": "confessing", "third_person_singular": "confesses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfes", "raw": "kәn'fes", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confess"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "confess to a punishable or reprehensible deed, usually under pressure；confess to God in the presence of a priest, as in the Catholic faith", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "承认, 坦白, 忏悔, 供认"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1342, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1870, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confidence", "id": "en-confidence", "inflections": {"plural": "confidences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnfidəns", "raw": "'kɒnfidәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confidence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a feeling of trust (in someone or something)；a state of confident hopefulness that events will be favorable；a trustful relationship；a secret that is confided or entrusted to another", "pos": "n.", "register": "电", "zh": "信心；可靠"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2580, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2866, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confident", "id": "en-confident", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnfidənt", "raw": "'kɒnfidәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confident"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having or marked by confidence or assurance；not liable to error in judgment or action", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "有信心的, 有把握的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5254, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7010, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "confidential", "id": "en-confidential", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒnfiˈdenʃəl", "raw": ".kɒnfi'denʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confidential"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "entrusted with private information and the confidence of another；(of information) given in confidence or in secret；denoting confidence or intimacy；the level of official classification for documents next above restricted and below secret; available only to persons authorized to see documents so classified", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "机密的, 获他人信赖的, 易于信任他人的；秘密件"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4862, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6153, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "configuration", "id": "en-configuration", "inflections": {"plural": "configurations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˌfigjuˈreiʃən", "raw": "kәn.figju'reiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "configuration"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an arrangement of parts or elements", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "结构, 表面配置, 外形, 配置；配置"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2898, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5337, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confine", "id": "en-confine", "inflections": {"past": "confined", "past_participle": "confined", "plural": "confines", "present_participle": "confining", "third_person_singular": "confines"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfain", "raw": "kәn'fain", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confine"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "prevent from leaving or from being removed；deprive of freedom; take into confinement", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "限制, 使不外出, 禁闭；邻接, 交界"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "边缘, 范围, 区域"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1156, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1851, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confirm", "id": "en-confirm", "inflections": {"past": "confirmed", "past_participle": "confirmed", "present_participle": "confirming", "third_person_singular": "confirms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfəːm", "raw": "kәn'fә:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confirm"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts；strengthen or make more firm；make more firm；support a person for a position", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "证实, 确定, 批准, 使巩固；确认"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4971, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 5360, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "confirmation", "id": "en-confirmation", "inflections": {"plural": "confirmations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒnfəˈmeiʃən", "raw": ".kɒnfә'meiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confirmation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "additional proof that something that was believed (some fact or hypothesis or theory) is correct；information that confirms or verifies；a ceremony held in the synagogue (usually at Pentecost) to admit as adult members of the Jewish community young men and women who have successfully completed a course of study in Judaism", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "证实, 证明, 批准, 确认；确认"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1364, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1179, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conflict", "id": "en-conflict", "inflections": {"past": "conflicted", "past_participle": "conflicted", "plural": "conflicts", "present_participle": "conflicting", "third_person_singular": "conflicts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnflikt", "raw": "'kɒnflikt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conflict"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)；opposition between two simultaneous but incompatible feelings；a state of opposition between persons or ideas or interests；an incompatibility of dates or events", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "战斗, 冲突, 矛盾, 争执"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "争执, 战斗, 冲突, 抵触；冲突"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4792, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6957, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conform", "id": "en-conform", "inflections": {"past": "conformed", "past_participle": "conformed", "present_participle": "conforming", "third_person_singular": "conforms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfɒːm", "raw": "kәn'fɒ:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conform"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be similar, be in line with", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使一致, 使遵守, 使符合；一致, 符合, 适应"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8985, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11474, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conformity", "id": "en-conformity", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfɒːmiti", "raw": "kәn'fɒ:miti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conformity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "correspondence in form or appearance；acting according to certain accepted standards；orthodoxy in thoughts and belief", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "遵照, 适合, 一致, 相似；符合度"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3105, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2415, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confront", "id": "en-confront", "inflections": {"past": "confronted", "past_participle": "confronted", "present_participle": "confronting", "third_person_singular": "confronts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfrʌnt", "raw": "kәn'frʌnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confront"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "oppose, as in hostility or a competition；deal with (something unpleasant) head on；present somebody with something, usually to accuse or criticize；be face to face with", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "使面对, 对抗, 遭遇, 使对质, 比较；对证, 使对质, 比较"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5001, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4459, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "confrontation", "id": "en-confrontation", "inflections": {"plural": "confrontations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɔnfrʌnˈteiʃən", "raw": ".kɔnfrʌn'teiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confrontation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a bold challenge；discord resulting from a clash of ideas or opinions；a hostile disagreement face-to-face；the act of hostile groups opposing each other", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "对抗；对质；面对"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4666, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3518, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confuse", "id": "en-confuse", "inflections": {"past": "confused", "past_participle": "confused", "present_participle": "confusing", "third_person_singular": "confuses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfjuːz", "raw": "kәn'fju:z", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confuse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "mistake one thing for another；be confusing or perplexing to; cause to be unable to think clearly；cause to feel embarrassment；make unclear, indistinct, or blurred", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "使混乱, 使狼狈, 使困惑；混淆"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2692, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3335, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "confusion", "id": "en-confusion", "inflections": {"plural": "confusions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈfjuːʒən", "raw": "kәn'fju:ʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "confusion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "disorder resulting from a failure to behave predictably；a mental state characterized by a lack of clear and orderly thought and behavior；a feeling of embarrassment that leaves you confused；an act causing a disorderly combination of elements with identities lost and distinctions blended", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "混乱, 混淆, 无秩序；含混"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "congest", "id": "en-congest", "inflections": {"past": "congested", "past_participle": "congested", "plural": "congests", "present_participle": "congesting", "third_person_singular": "congests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "cong", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈdʒest", "raw": "kәn'dʒest", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "congest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使充满, 使拥塞, 使充血；充塞, 充血, 拥挤"}, {"en": "v become or cause to become obstructed", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6017, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8361, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "congratulate", "id": "en-congratulate", "inflections": {"past": "congratulated", "past_participle": "congratulated", "present_participle": "congratulating", "third_person_singular": "congratulates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈgrætʃəleit", "raw": "kәn'grætʃәleit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "congratulate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "express congratulations", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "祝贺, 庆贺"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 23287, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "congratulation", "id": "en-congratulation", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˌgrætʃəˈleiʃən", "raw": "kәn.grætʃә'leiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "congratulation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of acknowledging that someone has an occasion for celebration；(usually plural) an expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune of another", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "祝贺, 恭喜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1695, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 638, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "congress", "id": "en-congress", "inflections": {"plural": "congresses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒŋgres", "raw": "'kɒŋgres", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "congress"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the legislature of the United States government；a meeting of elected or appointed representatives；a national legislative assembly", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "国会, 会议, 讨论会；会议, 会合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11901, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7557, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conjunction", "id": "en-conjunction", "inflections": {"plural": "conjunctions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən", "raw": "kәn'dʒʌŋkʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conjunction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an uninflected function word that serves to conjoin words or phrases or clauses or sentences；the grammatical relation between linguistic units (words or phrases or clauses) that are connected by a conjunction；(astronomy) apparent meeting or passing of two or more celestial bodies in the same degree of the zodiac", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "连接词, 联合, 结合；合取"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2042, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 1636, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "connect", "id": "en-connect", "inflections": {"past": "connected", "past_participle": "connected", "present_participle": "connecting", "third_person_singular": "connects"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈnekt", "raw": "kә'nekt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "connect"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "connect, fasten, or put together two or more pieces；be or become joined or united or linked；join by means of communication equipment；land on or hit solidly", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "连接, 联合, 联系"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1669, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1421, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "connection", "id": "en-connection", "inflections": {"plural": "connections"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈnekʃən", "raw": "kә'nekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "connection"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)；the state of being connected；an instrumentality that connects；(usually plural) a person who is influential and to whom you are connected in some way (as by family or friendship)", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "连接, 关系, 前后关系；连接"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7582, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6737, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conquer", "id": "en-conquer", "inflections": {"past": "conquered", "past_participle": "conquered", "present_participle": "conquering", "third_person_singular": "conquers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒŋkə", "raw": "'kɒŋkә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conquer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "overcome by conquest", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "克服, 征服, 战胜；得胜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11626, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 16027, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conqueror", "id": "en-conqueror", "inflections": {"plural": "conquerors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒŋkərə", "raw": "'kɒŋkәrә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conqueror"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who is victorious by force of arms", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "征服者, 胜利者"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6507, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7652, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conquest", "id": "en-conquest", "inflections": {"plural": "conquests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒŋkwest", "raw": "'kɒŋkwest", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conquest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of conquering；success in mastering something difficult", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "战胜, 征服, 战利品；征服, 赢得, 获得"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4273, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4641, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conscience", "id": "en-conscience", "inflections": {"plural": "consciences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnʃəns", "raw": "'kɒnʃәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conscience"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "motivation deriving logically from ethical or moral principles that govern a person's thoughts and actions；conformity to one's own sense of right conduct；a feeling of shame when you do something immoral", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "良心；良心, 道德感, 正义感"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2633, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3845, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conscious", "id": "en-conscious", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnʃəs", "raw": "'kɒnʃәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conscious"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "intentionally conceived；knowing and perceiving; having awareness of surroundings and sensations and thoughts；(followed by `of') showing realization or recognition of something", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "有意识的, 知觉的, 觉察的；有意识的, 清醒的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2985, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3224, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consciousness", "id": "en-consciousness", "inflections": {"plural": "consciousnesses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnʃəsnis", "raw": "'kɒnʃәsnis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consciousness"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "意识, 知觉, 自觉；(有)意识, 清醒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7149, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4845, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consecutive", "id": "en-consecutive", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsekjutiv", "raw": "kәn'sekjutiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consecutive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in regular succession without gaps", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "连续的, 联贯的；连续的; 连接的"}, {"en": "in a consecutive manner", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3897, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3317, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consensus", "id": "en-consensus", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsensəs", "raw": "kәn'sensәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consensus"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "合意, 一致, 同感；合意"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2503, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4391, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consent", "id": "en-consent", "inflections": {"past": "consented", "past_participle": "consented", "plural": "consents", "present_participle": "consenting", "third_person_singular": "consents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsent", "raw": "kәn'sent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "permission to do something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "同意, 许可"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "同意, 赞同"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1234, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1626, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "consequence", "id": "en-consequence", "inflections": {"plural": "consequences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsikwəns", "raw": "'kɒnsikwәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consequence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon；the outcome of an event especially as relative to an individual；having important effects or influence", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "结果, 重要性；结果, 后果, 推断"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6594, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14817, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consequent", "id": "en-consequent", "inflections": {"plural": "consequents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsikwənt", "raw": "'kɒnsikwәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consequent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "随后发生的事情, 结果"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "作为结果的, 合乎逻辑的"}, {"en": "s following or accompanying as a consequence", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3023, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4363, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consequently", "id": "en-consequently", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsikwəntli", "raw": "'kɒnsikwәntli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consequently"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(sentence connectors) because of the reason given；as a consequence", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "所以"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3076, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2820, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conservation", "id": "en-conservation", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒnsəˈveiʃən", "raw": ".kɒnsә'veiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conservation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an occurrence of improvement by virtue of preventing loss or injury or other change；the preservation and careful management of the environment and of natural resources；(physics) the maintenance of a certain quantities unchanged during chemical reactions or physical transformations", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "保护, 保存；保存"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1497, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1837, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "Conservative", "id": "en-conservative", "inflections": {"plural": "conservatives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsəːvətiv", "raw": "kәn'sә:vәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "Conservative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "resistant to change；having social or political views favoring conservatism", "pos": "a.", "register": "chem", "zh": "保守的, 守旧的, 有保存力的；防腐剂; 保存剂"}, {"en": "a person who is reluctant to accept changes and new ideas；a member of a Conservative Party", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7632, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7938, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conserve", "id": "en-conserve", "inflections": {"past": "conserved", "past_participle": "conserved", "present_participle": "conserving", "third_person_singular": "conserves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsəːv", "raw": "kәn'sә:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conserve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "fruit preserved by cooking with sugar", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "蜜饯, 果酱"}, {"en": "keep constant through physical or chemical reactions or evolutionary change；keep in safety and protect from harm, decay, loss, or destruction；use cautiously and frugally", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "保存, 使(能量等)守恒"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 312, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 394, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "consider", "id": "en-consider", "inflections": {"past": "considered", "past_participle": "considered", "present_participle": "considering", "third_person_singular": "considers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsidŋ", "raw": "kәn'sidŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consider"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "take into consideration for exemplifying purposes；show consideration for; take into account；think about carefully; weigh；regard or treat with consideration, respect, and esteem", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "考虑, 思考, 认为"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1042, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2855, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "considerable", "id": "en-considerable", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsidərəbl", "raw": "kәn'sidәrәbl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "considerable"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "相当的, 可观的, 重要的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13960, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 17092, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "considerate", "id": "en-considerate", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsidərit", "raw": "kәn'sidәrit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "considerate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "showing concern for the rights and feelings of others", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "体贴的, 体谅的, 考虑周到的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1248, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2487, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "consideration", "id": "en-consideration", "inflections": {"plural": "considerations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˌsidəˈreiʃən", "raw": "kәn.sidә'reiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consideration"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the process of giving careful thought to something；a discussion of a topic (as in a meeting)；kind and considerate regard for others；a considerate and thoughtful act", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "考虑, 原因；考虑, 思考, 报酬"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1493, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2190, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consist", "id": "en-consist", "inflections": {"past": "consisted", "past_participle": "consisted", "present_participle": "consisting", "third_person_singular": "consists"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsist", "raw": "kәn'sist", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consist"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "have its essential character; be comprised or contained in; be embodied in；be consistent in form, tenor, or character; be congruous；be composed of", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "组成, 存在于, 一致"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2670, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2225, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consistent", "id": "en-consistent", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsistənt", "raw": "kәn'sistәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consistent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(sometimes followed by `with') in agreement or consistent or reliable；the same throughout in structure or composition", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "一致的, 坚持的, 并立的, 坚固的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4182, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3596, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consistently", "id": "en-consistently", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": null, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consistently"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": "comp", "zh": "坚固, 坚实, 一致, 始终如一, 连贯；相容地"}, {"en": "r in a systematic or consistent manner", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11790, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 9160, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "console", "id": "en-console", "inflections": {"past": "consoled", "past_participle": "consoled", "plural": "consoles", "present_participle": "consoling", "third_person_singular": "consoles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsəul", "raw": "kәn'sәul", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "console"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "安慰, 藉慰"}, {"en": "a scientific instrument consisting of displays and an input device that an operator can use to monitor and control a system (especially a computer system)；an ornamental scroll-shaped bracket (especially one used to support a wall fixture)", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "控制台；控制台"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6138, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7157, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consolidate", "id": "en-consolidate", "inflections": {"past": "consolidated", "past_participle": "consolidated", "present_participle": "consolidating", "third_person_singular": "consolidates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsɒlideit", "raw": "kәn'sɒlideit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consolidate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "unite into one；make firm or secure; strengthen；bring together into a single whole or system；form into a solid mass or whole", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "巩固, 使联合, 统一；巩固；合并计算"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6526, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9384, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conspicuous", "id": "en-conspicuous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈspikjuəs", "raw": "kәn'spikjuәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conspicuous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "obvious to the eye or mind", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "显著的, 显眼的, 出众的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1915, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2386, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "constant", "id": "en-constant", "inflections": {"plural": "constants"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnstənt", "raw": "'kɒnstәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "constant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a quantity that does not vary；a number representing a quantity assumed to have a fixed value in a specified mathematical context", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "常数, 恒量"}, {"en": "steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "不变的, 一定的, 时常的；常量; 常数; 恒值"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4050, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5746, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "constituent", "id": "en-constituent", "inflections": {"plural": "constituents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈstitjuənt", "raw": "kәn'stitjuәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "constituent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a member of a constituency; a citizen who is represented in a government by officials for whom he or she votes；(grammar) a word or phrase or clause forming part of a larger grammatical construction", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "成分, 选民, 构成物"}, {"en": "constitutional in the structure of something (especially your physical makeup)", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "构成的, 组织的, 选举的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2270, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2887, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "constitute", "id": "en-constitute", "inflections": {"past": "constituted", "past_participle": "constituted", "present_participle": "constituting", "third_person_singular": "constitutes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈstitjut", "raw": "kәn'stitjut", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "constitute"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "form or compose", "pos": "vt.", "register": "建", "zh": "构成, 组成, 任命；构造, 组成"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2148, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3917, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "constitution", "id": "en-constitution", "inflections": {"plural": "constitutions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒnstiˈtjuːʃən", "raw": ".kɒnsti'tju:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "constitution"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of forming or establishing something；the way in which someone or something is composed；a United States 44-gun frigate that was one of the first three naval ships built by the United States; it won brilliant victories over British frigates during the War of 1812 and is without doubt the most famous ship in the history of the United States Navy; it has been rebuilt and is anchored in the Charlestown Navy Yard in Boston", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "构成, 宪法, 体格；体质; 结构, 组织"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5685, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7740, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "constrain", "id": "en-constrain", "inflections": {"past": "constrained", "past_participle": "constrained", "present_participle": "constraining", "third_person_singular": "constrains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈstrein", "raw": "kәn'strein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "constrain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "强迫, 限制, 关押"}, {"en": "v hold back；v restrict", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2988, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4643, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "constraint", "id": "en-constraint", "inflections": {"plural": "constraints"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈstreint", "raw": "kәn'streint", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "constraint"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being physically constrained；the act of constraining; the threat or use of force to control the thoughts or behavior of others", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "强制, 约束；约束"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2058, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2477, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "construct", "id": "en-construct", "inflections": {"past": "constructed", "past_participle": "constructed", "plural": "constructs", "present_participle": "constructing", "third_person_singular": "constructs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈstrʌkt", "raw": "kәn'strʌkt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "construct"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make by combining materials and parts；draw with suitable instruments and under specified conditions；create by linking linguistic units；create by organizing and linking ideas, arguments, or concepts", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "构造, 建造, 对...进行构思, 作图"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "构成物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1442, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1415, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "construction", "id": "en-construction", "inflections": {"plural": "constructions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈstrʌkʃən", "raw": "kәn'strʌkʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "construction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of constructing something；a group of words that form a constituent of a sentence and are considered as a single unit；the creation of a construct; the process of combining ideas into a congruous object of thought；drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "建筑, 构造, 建筑物；施工"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12699, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 19215, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consul", "id": "en-consul", "inflections": {"plural": "consuls"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒnsəl", "raw": "'kɒnsәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consul"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a diplomat appointed by a government to protect its commercial interests and help its citizens in a foreign country", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "领事, 执政官；领事"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2826, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3591, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "consult", "id": "en-consult", "inflections": {"past": "consulted", "past_participle": "consulted", "present_participle": "consulting", "third_person_singular": "consults"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsʌlt", "raw": "kәn'sʌlt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consult"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "get or ask advice from；seek information from；advise professionally", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "商讨, 商量, 协商, 会诊；向...请教, 查阅, 考虑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6203, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 22915, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consultancy", "id": "en-consultancy", "inflections": {"plural": "consultancies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": null, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consultancy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the practice of giving expert advice within a particular field", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "商量, 协商, 磋商, 会诊, 与...商量, 咨询, 请教, 找(医生)看病, 查阅, 考虑；咨询业务, 咨询服务"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2605, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2480, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consultant", "id": "en-consultant", "inflections": {"plural": "consultants"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsʌltənt", "raw": "kәn'sʌltәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consultant"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "顾问, 征询意见者；顾问医师"}, {"en": "n an expert who gives advice", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3627, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3006, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consume", "id": "en-consume", "inflections": {"past": "consumed", "past_participle": "consumed", "present_participle": "consuming", "third_person_singular": "consumes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsjuːm", "raw": "kәn'sju:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consume"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "serve oneself to, or consume regularly；spend extravagantly；destroy completely；use up (resources or materials)", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "消耗, 消费, 消灭；耗尽, 毁灭"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1428, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1052, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "consumer", "id": "en-consumer", "inflections": {"plural": "consumers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsjuːmə", "raw": "kәn'sju:mә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consumer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who uses goods or services", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "消费者；消费者, 用户"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2561, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3146, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "consumption", "id": "en-consumption", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈsʌmpʃən", "raw": "kәn'sʌmpʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "consumption"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the process of taking food into the body through the mouth (as by eating)；(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing；the act of consuming something", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "消费, 消费量, 痨病；消耗量; 耗量"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1196, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1480, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contact", "id": "en-contact", "inflections": {"past": "contacted", "past_participle": "contacted", "plural": "contacts", "present_participle": "contacting", "third_person_singular": "contacts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntækt", "raw": "'kɒntækt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contact"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "close interaction；the act of touching physically；the state or condition of touching or of being in immediate proximity；the physical coming together of two or more things", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "联系, 交际, 熟人, 接触"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "接触, 联系；使接触"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 559, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 931, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contain", "id": "en-contain", "inflections": {"past": "contained", "past_participle": "contained", "present_participle": "containing", "third_person_singular": "contains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtein", "raw": "kәn'tein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be divisible by；be capable of holding or containing", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "包含, 容纳, 控制；自制"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4126, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3361, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "container", "id": "en-container", "inflections": {"plural": "containers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈteinə", "raw": "kәn'teinә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "container"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any object that can be used to hold things (especially a large metal boxlike object of standardized dimensions that can be loaded from one form of transport to another)", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "容器, 集装箱；集装箱; 贮存箱; 容器(任何一种)"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8537, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7402, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contaminate", "id": "en-contaminate", "inflections": {"past": "contaminated", "past_participle": "contaminated", "plural": "contaminates", "present_participle": "contaminating", "third_person_singular": "contaminates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtæmineit", "raw": "kәn'tæmineit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contaminate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make radioactive by adding radioactive material", "pos": "vt.", "register": "chem", "zh": "弄污, 弄脏, 污染, 毒害；污染"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8108, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 6525, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contamination", "id": "en-contamination", "inflections": {"plural": "contaminations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˌtæmiˈneiʃən", "raw": "kәn.tæmi'neiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contamination"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being contaminated；the act of contaminating or polluting; including (either intentionally or accidentally) unwanted substances or factors", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "污染, 污物；污染; 沾污"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3951, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4802, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contemplate", "id": "en-contemplate", "inflections": {"past": "contemplated", "past_participle": "contemplated", "present_participle": "contemplating", "third_person_singular": "contemplates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntempleit", "raw": "'kɒntempleit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contemplate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "look at thoughtfully; observe deep in thought；consider as a possibility", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "注视, 沉思, 盘算；冥思苦想"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2068, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1947, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contemporary", "id": "en-contemporary", "inflections": {"plural": "contemporaries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtempərəri", "raw": "kәn'tempәrәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contemporary"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person of nearly the same age as another", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "同时代的人"}, {"en": "characteristic of the present；belonging to the present time", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "同时代的, 属于同一时期的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4753, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6277, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contempt", "id": "en-contempt", "inflections": {"plural": "contempts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtempt", "raw": "kәn'tempt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contempt"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike；a manner that is generally disrespectful and contemptuous；open disrespect for a person or thing；a willful disobedience to or disrespect for the authority of a court or legislative body", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "轻视, 轻蔑；藐视, 侮辱, 轻视"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14671, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 16734, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contemptuous", "id": "en-contemptuous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtemptʃuəs", "raw": "kәn'temptʃuәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contemptuous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "expressing extreme contempt", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "轻蔑的, 鄙视的, 瞧不起人的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6083, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3552, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contend", "id": "en-contend", "inflections": {"past": "contended", "past_participle": "contended", "present_participle": "contending", "third_person_singular": "contends"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtend", "raw": "kәn'tend", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contend"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "maintain or assert；be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "奋斗, 斗争, 竞争；为...斗争"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1281, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 1732, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "content", "id": "en-content", "inflections": {"past": "contented", "past_participle": "contented", "plural": "contents", "present_participle": "contenting", "third_person_singular": "contents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtent", "raw": "kәn'tent", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "content"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "everything that is included in a collection and that is held or included in something；the proportion of a substance that is contained in a mixture or alloy etc.；the sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "内容, 满足, 意义, 要旨"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "满足的, 满意的"}, {"en": "satisfy in a limited way", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使...满足, 使...安心；内容"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3919, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3062, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contest", "id": "en-contest", "inflections": {"past": "contested", "past_participle": "contested", "plural": "contests", "present_participle": "contesting", "third_person_singular": "contests"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntest", "raw": "'kɒntest", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contest"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an occasion on which a winner is selected from among two or more contestants；a struggle between rivals", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "竞赛, 争论"}, {"en": "to make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "竞争, 争取, 争辩；竞争"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1019, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1427, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "context", "id": "en-context", "inflections": {"plural": "contexts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntekst", "raw": "'kɒntekst", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "context"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation；the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "上下文, 背景, 来龙去脉；上下文；上下文"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3626, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4022, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "continent", "id": "en-continent", "inflections": {"plural": "continents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntinənt", "raw": "'kɒntinәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "continent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "one of the large landmasses of the earth；the European mainland", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "大陆, 洲"}, {"en": "having control over urination and defecation", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "自制的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4013, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8947, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "continental", "id": "en-continental", "inflections": {"plural": "continentals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒntiˈnentl", "raw": ".kɒnti'nentl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "continental"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or pertaining to or typical of Europe；of or relating to or concerning the American colonies during and immediately after the American Revolutionary War；of or relating to or characteristic of a continent；being or concerning or limited to a continent especially the continents of North America or Europe", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "大陆的, 洲的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "欧洲大陆人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7561, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 10050, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "continual", "id": "en-continual", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtinjuəl", "raw": "kәn'tinjuәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "continual"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "occurring without interruption; chiefly restricted to what recurs regularly or frequently in a prolonged and closely spaced series；`continual' (meaning seemingly uninterrupted) is often used interchangeably with `continuous' (meaning without interruption)", "pos": "a.", "register": "建", "zh": "持续不断的, 继续的；连续的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 323, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 293, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "continue", "id": "en-continue", "inflections": {"past": "continued", "past_participle": "continued", "present_participle": "continuing", "third_person_singular": "continues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtinjuː", "raw": "kәn'tinju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "continue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "continue a certain state, condition, or activity；continue talking；keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last；do something repeatedly and showing no intention to stop", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "继续, 延续, 延长；使继续, 使延长"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2936, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3422, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "continuous", "id": "en-continuous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtinjuəs", "raw": "kәn'tinjuәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "continuous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "continuing in time or space without interruption；of a function or curve; extending without break or irregularity", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "连续的, 继续的, 连续不断的；连续的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 628, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1269, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contract", "id": "en-contract", "inflections": {"past": "contracted", "past_participle": "contracted", "plural": "contracts", "present_participle": "contracting", "third_person_singular": "contracts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntrækt", "raw": "'kɒntrækt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contract"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a binding agreement between two or more persons that is enforceable by law；(contract bridge) the highest bid becomes the contract setting the number of tricks that the bidder must make；a variety of bridge in which the bidder receives points toward game only for the number of tricks he bid", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "合约, 婚约, 契约"}, {"en": "enter into a contractual arrangement", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使皱缩, 使缩短, 感染, 订约, 缔结；皱缩, 订约, 收缩"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6870, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 6863, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contradict", "id": "en-contradict", "inflections": {"past": "contradicted", "past_participle": "contradicted", "present_participle": "contradicting", "third_person_singular": "contradicts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒntrəˈdikt", "raw": ".kɒntrә'dikt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contradict"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be in contradiction with；deny the truth of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "反驳, 与...抵触, 与...矛盾；反驳"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4353, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5451, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contradiction", "id": "en-contradiction", "inflections": {"plural": "contradictions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒntrəˈdikʃən", "raw": ".kɒntrә'dikʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contradiction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "opposition between two conflicting forces or ideas；(logic) a statement that is necessarily false；the speech act of contradicting someone", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "反驳, 矛盾；矛盾, 否认, 反驳"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7106, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 7435, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contradictory", "id": "en-contradictory", "inflections": {"plural": "contradictories"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒntrəˈdiktəri", "raw": ".kɒntrә'diktәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contradictory"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true and both cannot be false；unable to be both true at the same time", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "反驳的, 反对的, 抗辩的"}, {"en": "two propositions are contradictories if both cannot be true (or both cannot be false) at the same time", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "矛盾因素, 对立物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4761, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5495, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contrary", "id": "en-contrary", "inflections": {"plural": "contraries"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntrəri", "raw": "'kɒntrәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contrary"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "very opposed in nature or character or purpose；of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true but both may be false", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "相反的, 矛盾的, 对立的"}, {"en": "exact opposition；a logical relation such that two propositions are contraries if both cannot be true but both can be false", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "相反, 对立面"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "相反地"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1451, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1762, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contrast", "id": "en-contrast", "inflections": {"past": "contrasted", "past_participle": "contrasted", "plural": "contrasts", "present_participle": "contrasting", "third_person_singular": "contrasts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtræst", "raw": "kәn'træst", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contrast"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared；the act of distinguishing by comparing differences；the perceptual effect of the juxtaposition of very different colors；the range of optical density and tone on a photographic negative or print (or the extent to which adjacent areas on a television screen differ in brightness)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "差别, 对比, 对照物"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使对比；成对照；反差; 对比度"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1483, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1312, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "contribute", "id": "en-contribute", "inflections": {"past": "contributed", "past_participle": "contributed", "present_participle": "contributing", "third_person_singular": "contributes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtribjuːt", "raw": "kәn'tribju:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contribute"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "contribute to some cause；be conducive to", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "有助于, 捐助, 投稿；出力, 捐献, 投稿"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9718, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 15323, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contrive", "id": "en-contrive", "inflections": {"past": "contrived", "past_participle": "contrived", "present_participle": "contriving", "third_person_singular": "contrives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtraiv", "raw": "kәn'traiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contrive"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "发明, 设计, 图谋"}, {"en": "v make or work out a plan for; devise；v come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort；v put or send forth", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18482, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 18969, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "contrived", "id": "en-contrived", "inflections": {"past": "contrived", "past_participle": "contrived"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "contrive", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈtraivd", "raw": "kәn'traivd", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "contrived"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "showing effects of planning or manipulation", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "人造的, 勉强的, 不自然的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3444, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3090, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "controversial", "id": "en-controversial", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒntrəˈvəːʃəl", "raw": ".kɒntrә'vә:ʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "controversial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "marked by or capable of arousing controversy", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "争论的, 论争的, 被议论的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3460, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2876, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "controversy", "id": "en-controversy", "inflections": {"plural": "controversies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒntrəvəːsi", "raw": "'kɒntrәvә:si", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "controversy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "论争, 辩论, 论战, 争论；论战, 争论, 争吵"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8878, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7816, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "convene", "id": "en-convene", "inflections": {"past": "convened", "past_participle": "convened", "present_participle": "convening", "third_person_singular": "convenes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈviːn", "raw": "kәn'vi:n", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convene"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "meet formally", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "集合, 召集, 召唤；聚集, 集合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5559, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 4892, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "convenience", "id": "en-convenience", "inflections": {"plural": "conveniences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈviːnjəns", "raw": "kә'vi:njәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convenience"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the state of being suitable or opportune；the quality of being useful and convenient", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "方便, 便利的事物, 方便的时候"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3494, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5368, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "convenient", "id": "en-convenient", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈviːnjənt", "raw": "kәn'vi:njәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convenient"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "suited to your comfort or purpose or needs", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "方便的, 合宜的；适当的, 合理而可行的, 方便的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1947, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2472, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "convention", "id": "en-convention", "inflections": {"plural": "conventions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvenʃən", "raw": "kәn'venʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convention"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a large formal assembly；something regarded as a normative example；(diplomacy) an international agreement；the act of convening", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "大会, 协定, 惯例, 约定；约定"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2253, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2554, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "conventional", "id": "en-conventional", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvenʃənl", "raw": "kәn'venʃәnl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conventional"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "following accepted customs and proprieties；conforming with accepted standards；(weapons) using energy for propulsion or destruction that is not nuclear energy；unimaginative and conformist", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "传统的, 习惯的, 约定的；惯例的, 常规的, 传统的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8501, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8179, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "converge", "id": "en-converge", "inflections": {"past": "converged", "past_participle": "converged", "present_participle": "converging", "third_person_singular": "converges"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvəːdʒ", "raw": "kәn'vә:dʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "converge"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be adjacent or come together；approach a limit as the number of terms increases without limit；move or draw together at a certain location；come together so as to form a single product", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "聚合, 集中于一点；使集合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14236, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11468, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "converse", "id": "en-converse", "inflections": {"past": "conversed", "past_participle": "conversed", "plural": "converses", "present_participle": "conversing", "third_person_singular": "converses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvəːs", "raw": "kәn'vә:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "converse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a proposition obtained by conversion", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "相反的事物, 倒, 逆向"}, {"en": "of words so related that one reverses the relation denoted by the other；turned about in order or relation", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "相反的, 逆向的, 颠倒的"}, {"en": "carry on a conversation", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "交谈, 谈话"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6671, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 8066, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conversely", "id": "en-conversely", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɔnv\\\\\\\\ːsli", "raw": "'kɔnv\\\\\\\\:sli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conversely"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "with the terms of the relation reversed", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "相反, 逆, 颠倒, 反题, 反"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3129, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4664, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conversion", "id": "en-conversion", "inflections": {"plural": "conversions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvəːʃən", "raw": "kәn'vә:ʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conversion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an event that results in a transformation；a change in the units or form of an expression: \"conversion from Fahrenheit to Centigrade\"；a successful free throw or try for point after a touchdown；a spiritual enlightenment causing a person to lead a new life", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "转变, 转换, 改变宗教信仰, 换位法；转换"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2245, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2895, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "convert", "id": "en-convert", "inflections": {"past": "converted", "past_participle": "converted", "plural": "converts", "present_participle": "converting", "third_person_singular": "converts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvəːt", "raw": "kәn'vә:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convert"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who has been converted to another religious or political belief", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "皈依者, 改变宗教信仰者"}, {"en": "change from one system to another or to a new plan or policy；change the nature, purpose, or function of something；change religious beliefs, or adopt a religious belief", "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "使改变信仰, 转换, 兑换, 倒置；皈依；转换"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3682, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3756, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "convey", "id": "en-convey", "inflections": {"past": "conveyed", "past_participle": "conveyed", "present_participle": "conveying", "third_person_singular": "conveys"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvei", "raw": "kәn'vei", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convey"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "make known; pass on, of information；transfer to another；transmit a title or property", "pos": "vt.", "register": "econ", "zh": "传达, 运输, 转让；转让(财产等), 搬运"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4837, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3678, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "convict", "id": "en-convict", "inflections": {"past": "convicted", "past_participle": "convicted", "plural": "convicts", "present_participle": "convicting", "third_person_singular": "convicts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvikt", "raw": "kәn'vikt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convict"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person serving a sentence in a jail or prison；a person who has been convicted of a criminal offense", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "囚犯, 罪犯"}, {"en": "find or declare guilty", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "宣告有罪, 使知罪"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2840, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3066, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "conviction", "id": "en-conviction", "inflections": {"plural": "convictions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvikʃən", "raw": "kәn'vikʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "conviction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence；(criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "定罪, 信服, 坚信；定罪, 证明有罪, 判罪"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3203, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2039, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "convince", "id": "en-convince", "inflections": {"past": "convinced", "past_participle": "convinced", "present_participle": "convincing", "third_person_singular": "convinces"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvins", "raw": "kәn'vins", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convince"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "说服, 使相信；使确信, 使信服, 使人认识错误"}, {"en": "v make (someone) agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4925, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6135, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "convincing", "id": "en-convincing", "inflections": {"present_participle": "convincing"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "convince", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kənˈvinsiŋ", "raw": "kәn'vinsiŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "convincing"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "causing one to believe the truth of something", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "使人信服的, 有力的, 令人心悦诚服的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8712, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 4015, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cooperate", "id": "en-cooperate", "inflections": {"past": "cooperated", "past_participle": "cooperated", "present_participle": "cooperating", "third_person_singular": "cooperates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəuˈɒpəreit", "raw": "kәu'ɒpәreit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cooperate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": "chem", "zh": "合作, 协力, 配合；合作"}, {"en": "v work together on a common enterprise of project", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8090, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 4249, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cooperative", "id": "en-cooperative", "inflections": {"plural": "cooperatives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəuˈɔpərətiv", "raw": "kәu'ɔpәrәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cooperative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "done with or working with others for a common purpose or benefit", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "合作的；合作社的"}, {"en": "a jointly owned commercial enterprise (usually organized by farmers or consumers) that produces and distributes goods and services and is run for the benefit of its owners；an association formed and operated for the benefit of those using it", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7991, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4847, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coordinate", "id": "en-coordinate", "inflections": {"past": "coordinated", "past_participle": "coordinated", "plural": "coordinates", "present_participle": "coordinating", "third_person_singular": "coordinates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəuˈɒːdineit", "raw": "kәu'ɒ:dineit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coordinate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a number that identifies a position relative to an axis", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "同等的人(或物), 坐标"}, {"en": "of equal importance, rank, or degree", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "同等的, 并列的"}, {"en": "bring into common action, movement, or condition；be co-ordinated", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)协调"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1779, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3198, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cope", "id": "en-cope", "inflections": {"past": "coped", "past_participle": "coped", "present_participle": "coping", "third_person_singular": "copes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəup", "raw": "kәup", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cope"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "come to terms with", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "竞争, 应付"}, {"en": "a long cloak; worn by a priest or bishop on ceremonial occasions", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "长袍"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3656, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5053, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "copper", "id": "en-copper", "inflections": {"past": "coppered", "past_participle": "coppered", "plural": "coppers", "present_participle": "coppering", "third_person_singular": "coppers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒpə", "raw": "'kɒpә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "copper"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a ductile malleable reddish-brown corrosion-resistant diamagnetic metallic element; occurs in various minerals but is the only metal that occurs abundantly in large masses; used as an electrical and thermal conductor；a copper penny；a reddish-brown color resembling the color of polished copper；any of various small butterflies of the family Lycaenidae having coppery wings", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "铜, 警察；铜Cu"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5654, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4314, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cord", "id": "en-cord", "inflections": {"past": "corded", "past_participle": "corded", "plural": "cords", "present_participle": "cording", "third_person_singular": "cords"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːd", "raw": "kɒ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cord"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a line made of twisted fibers or threads；a unit of amount of wood cut for burning; 128 cubic feet；a light insulated conductor for household use；a cut pile fabric with vertical ribs; usually made of cotton", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "绳索, 束缚；索, 带"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 19234, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14433, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cordial", "id": "en-cordial", "inflections": {"plural": "cordials"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒːdjəl", "raw": "'kɒ:djәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cordial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "兴奋剂, 补品"}, {"en": "politely warm and friendly；sincerely or intensely felt", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "热忱的, 诚恳的, 有兴奋作用的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2380, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1954, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "CORE", "id": "en-core", "inflections": {"past": "cored", "past_participle": "cored", "plural": "cores", "present_participle": "coring", "third_person_singular": "cores"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒː", "raw": "kɒ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "CORE"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a small group of indispensable persons or things；the center of an object；the central part of the Earth；a cylindrical sample of soil or rock obtained with a hollow drill", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "核心, 果心, 要点"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "挖...的核；内核, 核心网"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4957, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2448, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corn", "id": "en-corn", "inflections": {"past": "corned", "past_participle": "corned", "plural": "corns", "present_participle": "corning", "third_person_singular": "corns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːn", "raw": "kɒ:n", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corn"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "tall annual cereal grass bearing kernels on large ears: widely cultivated in America in many varieties; the principal cereal in Mexico and Central and South America since pre-Columbian times；the dried grains or kernels or corn used as animal feed or ground for meal；ears of corn that can be prepared and served for human food；a hard thickening of the skin (especially on the top or sides of the toes) caused by the pressure of ill-fitting shoes", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "玉蜀黍, 谷类, 谷粒, 鸡眼"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使成颗粒, 腌"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1983, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1579, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corporate", "id": "en-corporate", "inflections": {"plural": "corporates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒːpərit", "raw": "'kɒ:pәrit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corporate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or belonging to a corporation；done by or characteristic of individuals acting together；organized and maintained as a legal corporation", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "社团的, 合伙的, 公司的；团体的, 法人的, 社团的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2025, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2602, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corporation", "id": "en-corporation", "inflections": {"plural": "corporations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒːpəˈreiʃən", "raw": ".kɒ:pә'reiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corporation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved in some state", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "公司, 合作, 法人团体；法人团体, 社团, 法人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5168, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6050, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corps", "id": "en-corps", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒː", "raw": "kɒ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corps"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an army unit usually consisting of two or more divisions and their support；a body of people associated together", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "军, 队, 部队, 兵种；对, 团; 体, 物体"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5971, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5966, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "correction", "id": "en-correction", "inflections": {"plural": "corrections"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈrekʃən", "raw": "kә'rekʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correction"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the act of offering an improvement to replace a mistake; setting right；a quantity that is added or subtracted in order to increase the accuracy of a scientific measure；something substituted for an error；a rebuke for making a mistake", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "订正, 改正, 改正的地方；校正"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3624, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 4364, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "correctly", "id": "en-correctly", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈrektli", "raw": "kә'rektli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correctly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in an accurate manner", "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "对, 正确, 恰当, 符合一般性准则, 符合行为准则, 端正, 符合"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6763, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5266, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "correlate", "id": "en-correlate", "inflections": {"past": "correlated", "past_participle": "correlated", "plural": "correlates", "present_participle": "correlating", "third_person_singular": "correlates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒrəleit", "raw": "'kɒrәleit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correlate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "either of two or more related or complementary variables", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "有相互关系的东西, 相关物"}, {"en": "to bear a reciprocal or mutual relation；bring into a mutual, complementary, or reciprocal relation", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使有相互关系；相关"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3912, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 3502, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "correlation", "id": "en-correlation", "inflections": {"plural": "correlations"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒrəˈleiʃən", "raw": ".kɒrә'leiʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correlation"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a reciprocal relation between two or more things；a statistical relation between two or more variables such that systematic changes in the value of one variable are accompanied by systematic changes in the other", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "相互关系, 相关, 关联；相关, 联系"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3234, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5415, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "correspond", "id": "en-correspond", "inflections": {"past": "corresponded", "past_participle": "corresponded", "present_participle": "corresponding", "third_person_singular": "corresponds"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒriˈspɒnd", "raw": ".kɒri'spɒnd", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correspond"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "exchange messages", "pos": "vi.", "register": "law", "zh": "符合, 通信, 相当；符合, 一致, 相当"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4152, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5961, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "correspondence", "id": "en-correspondence", "inflections": {"plural": "correspondences"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒriˈspɒndəns", "raw": ".kɒri'spɒndәns", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correspondence"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "communication by the exchange of letters", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "相符, 通信, 信件；对应, 相对"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3253, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2934, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "correspondent", "id": "en-correspondent", "inflections": {"plural": "correspondents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒriˈspɒndənt", "raw": ".kɒri'spɒndәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "correspondent"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who communicates by means of letters；a journalist employed to provide news stories for newspapers or broadcast media", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "通讯记者, 通信者；客户, 代理商行, 代理银行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4630, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 7426, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corresponding", "id": "en-corresponding", "inflections": {"present_participle": "corresponding"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "correspond", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkɒriˈspɒndiŋ", "raw": ".kɒri'spɒndiŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corresponding"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "accompanying；similar especially in position or purpose", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "相当的, 一致的, 通信的；对应"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2823, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3474, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corridor", "id": "en-corridor", "inflections": {"plural": "corridors"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒridɒː", "raw": "'kɒridɒ:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corridor"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an enclosed passageway; rooms usually open onto it", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "走廊, 回廊, 人口密集地带"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 20384, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 19273, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corrode", "id": "en-corrode", "inflections": {"past": "corroded", "past_participle": "corroded", "present_participle": "corroding", "third_person_singular": "corrodes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈrəud", "raw": "kә'rәud", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corrode"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "cause to deteriorate due to the action of water, air, or an acid；become destroyed by water, air, or a corrosive such as an acid", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使腐蚀, 侵蚀, 破坏；被侵蚀, 起腐蚀作用"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13096, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 13900, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corrosion", "id": "en-corrosion", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈrəuʒən", "raw": "kә'rәuʒәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corrosion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state of deterioration in metals caused by oxidation or chemical action；erosion by chemical action", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "腐蚀, 侵蚀, 腐蚀产生的物质, 铁锈, 锈；腐蚀"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7571, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5850, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "corrupt", "id": "en-corrupt", "inflections": {"comparative": "corrupter", "past": "corrupted", "past_participle": "corrupted", "plural": "corrupts", "present_participle": "corrupting", "third_person_singular": "corrupts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈrʌpt", "raw": "kә'rʌpt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "corrupt"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "lacking in integrity；containing errors or alterations", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "腐败的, 贪污的, 讹误充斥的"}, {"en": "corrupt morally or by intemperance or sensuality；alter from the original", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使腐烂, 腐蚀, 使恶化；腐烂, 堕落"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10068, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5978, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cosmic", "id": "en-cosmic", "inflections": {"plural": "cosmics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒzmik", "raw": "'kɒzmik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cosmic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of or from or pertaining to or characteristic of the cosmos or universe；inconceivably extended in space or time", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "宇宙的, 宇宙航行的, 无限的, 有秩序的；宇宙的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 15121, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8156, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cosmos", "id": "en-cosmos", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɔzmɔs", "raw": "'kɔzmɔs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cosmos"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of various mostly Mexican herbs of the genus Cosmos having radiate heads of variously colored flowers and pinnate leaves; popular fall-blooming annuals", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "宇宙, 秩序, 和谐, 大波斯菊；大波斯菊"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4943, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4286, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "costly", "id": "en-costly", "inflections": {"comparative": "costlier", "superlative": "costliest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒstli", "raw": "'kɒstli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "costly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having a high price", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "昂贵的, 奢华的, 费用大的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5080, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4152, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "costume", "id": "en-costume", "inflections": {"past": "costumed", "past_participle": "costumed", "plural": "costumes", "present_participle": "costuming", "third_person_singular": "costumes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒstjuːm", "raw": "'kɒstju:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "costume"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball；unusual or period attire not characteristic of or appropriate to the time and place；the prevalent fashion of dress (including accessories and hair style as well as garments)；the attire characteristic of a country or a time or a social class", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "装束, 服装"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2224, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4765, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cottage", "id": "en-cottage", "inflections": {"plural": "cottages"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkɒtidʒ", "raw": "'kɒtidʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cottage"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "小屋, 茅舍"}, {"en": "n a small house with a single story", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8083, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3375, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "couch", "id": "en-couch", "inflections": {"past": "couched", "past_participle": "couched", "plural": "couches", "present_participle": "couching", "third_person_singular": "couches"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kautʃ", "raw": "kautʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "couch"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a flat coat of paint or varnish used by artists as a primer；a narrow bed on which a patient lies during psychiatric or psychoanalytic treatment", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "长沙发, 睡椅, 卧榻"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "横躺, 表达；躺下, 蹲伏"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 251, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 2612, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "council", "id": "en-council", "inflections": {"plural": "councils"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkaunsəl", "raw": "'kaunsәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "council"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a body serving in an administrative capacity；(Christianity) an assembly of theologians and bishops and other representatives of different churches or dioceses that is convened to regulate matters of discipline or doctrine；a meeting of people for consultation", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "会议, 委员会；委员会"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6085, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3418, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "counsel", "id": "en-counsel", "inflections": {"past": "counselled", "past_participle": "counselled", "plural": "counsels", "present_participle": "counselling", "third_person_singular": "counsels"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkaunsəl", "raw": "'kaunsәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "counsel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "商议, 忠告, 法律顾问"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "商议, 劝告"}, {"en": "n a lawyer who pleads cases in court；n something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action；v give advice to", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 3399, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "counseling", "id": "en-counseling", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkaunsəliŋ", "raw": "'kaunsәliŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "counseling"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "咨询服务"}, {"en": "n something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action；v give advice to", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1830, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 1331, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "count", "id": "en-count", "inflections": {"past": "counted", "past_participle": "counted", "plural": "counts", "present_participle": "counting", "third_person_singular": "counts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kaunt", "raw": "kaunt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "count"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "determine the number or amount of", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "计算, 视为；计数"}, {"en": "the total number counted；the act of counting; reciting numbers in ascending order；a nobleman (in various countries) having rank equal to a British earl", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "计算, 合计, 计数, 伯爵；计数"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3493, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2830, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "counter", "id": "en-counter", "inflections": {"past": "countered", "past_participle": "countered", "plural": "counters", "present_participle": "countering", "third_person_singular": "counters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkauntə", "raw": "'kauntә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "counter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "table consisting of a horizontal surface over which business is transacted；game equipment (as a piece of wood, plastic, or ivory) used for keeping a count or reserving a space in various card or board games；a calculator that keeps a record of the number of times something happens；a person who counts things", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "计算器, 计算者, 柜台, 筹码"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "反方向的, 相反的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": "comp", "zh": "反方向地, 相反地；计数器; 计数字"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9701, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12113, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "counteract", "id": "en-counteract", "inflections": {"past": "counteracted", "past_participle": "counteracted", "present_participle": "counteracting", "third_person_singular": "counteracts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkauntəˈrækt", "raw": ".kauntә'rækt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "counteract"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "oppose and mitigate the effects of by contrary actions", "pos": "vt.", "register": "law", "zh": "抵消, 阻碍, 中和；抵抗, 阻碍, 抵销"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4029, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3816, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "counterpart", "id": "en-counterpart", "inflections": {"plural": "counterparts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkauntəpɑːt", "raw": "'kauntәpɑ:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "counterpart"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person or thing having the same function or characteristics as another；a duplicate copy", "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "副本, 复本, 配对物, 相应物；副本, 正副二份中之一"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 784, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1516, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "county", "id": "en-county", "inflections": {"plural": "counties"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkaunti", "raw": "'kaunti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "county"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government；(United States) the largest administrative district within a state", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "县, 郡"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3640, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3324, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "courage", "id": "en-courage", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌridʒ", "raw": "'kʌridʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "courage"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a quality of spirit that enables you to face danger or pain without showing fear", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "勇气, 胆量"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9613, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8170, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "courageous", "id": "en-courageous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈreidʒəs", "raw": "kә'reidʒәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "courageous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "勇敢的, 大胆的, 有胆量的"}, {"en": "a possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 347, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 418, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "course", "id": "en-course", "inflections": {"past": "coursed", "past_participle": "coursed", "plural": "courses", "present_participle": "coursing", "third_person_singular": "courses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːs", "raw": "kɒ:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "course"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings；a connected series of events or actions or developments；general line of orientation；a mode of action", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "课程, 路线, 过程, 一道菜, 道路"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "追, (使)跑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 254, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 541, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "court", "id": "en-court", "inflections": {"past": "courted", "past_participle": "courted", "plural": "courts", "present_participle": "courting", "third_person_singular": "courts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kɒːt", "raw": "kɒ:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "court"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business；a room in which a lawcourt sits；the sovereign and his advisers who are the governing power of a state；a specially marked horizontal area within which a game is played", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "法院, 庭院, 奉承"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "献殷勤, 追求, 招致；求爱"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11608, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14858, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "courteous", "id": "en-courteous", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəːtjəs", "raw": "'kә:tjәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "courteous"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "exhibiting courtesy and politeness；characterized by courtesy and gracious good manners", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "彬彬有礼, 谦恭的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5265, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5380, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "courtesy", "id": "en-courtesy", "inflections": {"plural": "courtesies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəːtisi", "raw": "'kә:tisi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "courtesy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a courteous or respectful or considerate act；a courteous or respectful or considerate remark；a courteous manner", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "礼貌, 谦恭, 好意；优待, 礼貌, 恩惠"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3010, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2714, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cousin", "id": "en-cousin", "inflections": {"plural": "cousins"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌzən", "raw": "'kʌzәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cousin"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the child of your aunt or uncle", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "堂兄弟姊妹, 表兄弟姊妹；同辈表亲或堂亲"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2944, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3078, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cow", "id": "en-cow", "inflections": {"past": "cowed", "past_participle": "cowed", "plural": "cows", "present_participle": "cowing", "third_person_singular": "cows"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kau", "raw": "kau", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cow"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "female of domestic cattle: \"`moo-cow' is a child's term\"；mature female of mammals of which the male is called `bull'；a large unpleasant woman", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "母牛, 母兽"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "威胁"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14789, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 11476, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "coward", "id": "en-coward", "inflections": {"plural": "cowards"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkauəd", "raw": "'kauәd", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "coward"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who shows fear or timidity；English dramatist and actor and composer noted for his witty and sophisticated comedies (1899-1973)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "懦弱的人, 胆小的人"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 43923, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 7168, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cozy", "id": "en-cozy", "inflections": {"comparative": "cozier", "present_participle": "cozying"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəuzi", "raw": "'kәuzi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cozy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "enjoying or affording comforting warmth and shelter especially in a small space；having or fostering a warm or friendly and informal atmosphere；suggesting connivance", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "舒适的, 安逸的, 惬意的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "(茶壶等的)保暖罩, 舒适的座位"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "以假话使安心"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8024, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5100, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crab", "id": "en-crab", "inflections": {"past": "crabbed", "past_participle": "crabbed", "plural": "crabs", "present_participle": "crabbing", "third_person_singular": "crabs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kræb", "raw": "kræb", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crab"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "decapod having eyes on short stalks and a broad flattened carapace with a small abdomen folded under the thorax and pincers；a quarrelsome grouch；the edible flesh of any of various crabs；a stroke of the oar that either misses the water or digs too deeply", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "螃蟹, 偏航, 脾气乖戾的人, 沙果"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "捕蟹, 偏航, 发牢骚；使偏航, 抱怨, 破坏"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3688, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3008, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crack", "id": "en-crack", "inflections": {"past": "cracked", "past_participle": "cracked", "plural": "cracks", "present_participle": "cracking", "third_person_singular": "cracks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kræk", "raw": "kræk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crack"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a long narrow opening；a sudden sharp noise；a blemish resulting from a break without complete separation of the parts；a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted; highly addictive", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "裂缝, 爆裂声"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)爆裂, (使)裂开, (使)发出爆裂声"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "第一流的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": null, "zh": "啪地一声"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9753, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8639, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cradle", "id": "en-cradle", "inflections": {"past": "cradled", "past_participle": "cradled", "plural": "cradles", "present_participle": "cradling", "third_person_singular": "cradles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkreidl", "raw": "'kreidl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cradle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a baby bed with sides and rockers；birth of a person", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "摇篮, 发祥地, 孩提时代"}, {"en": "hold gently and carefully；bring up from infancy", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "放在摇篮内, 抚育；刈割"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3022, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2839, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "craft", "id": "en-craft", "inflections": {"past": "crafted", "past_participle": "crafted", "plural": "crafts", "present_participle": "crafting", "third_person_singular": "crafts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kræft", "raw": "kræft", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "craft"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a vehicle designed for navigation in or on water or air or through outer space；people who perform a particular kind of skilled work；skill in an occupation or trade；shrewdness as demonstrated by being skilled in deception", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "技艺, 手艺, 诡计"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "精心制作"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 8536, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 8390, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crane", "id": "en-crane", "inflections": {"past": "craned", "past_participle": "craned", "plural": "cranes", "present_participle": "craning", "third_person_singular": "cranes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krein", "raw": "krein", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crane"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "United States writer (1871-1900)；United States poet (1899-1932)；lifts and moves heavy objects; lifting tackle is suspended from a pivoted boom that rotates around a vertical axis；large long-necked wading bird of marshes and plains in many parts of the world", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "鹤, 起重机"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "伸颈, 起重机起吊；伸颈看, 迟疑"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 18797, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8650, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crank", "id": "en-crank", "inflections": {"past": "cranked", "past_participle": "cranked", "plural": "cranks", "present_participle": "cranking", "third_person_singular": "cranks"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kræŋk", "raw": "kræŋk", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crank"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "不稳的, 脾气暴燥的, 易怒的"}, {"en": "a hand tool consisting of a rotating shaft with parallel handle", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "曲柄, 奇想"}, {"en": "start by cranking；rotate with a crank；fasten with a crank", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "装曲柄；转动曲柄"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3197, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2837, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crash", "id": "en-crash", "inflections": {"past": "crashed", "past_participle": "crashed", "plural": "crashes", "present_participle": "crashing", "third_person_singular": "crashes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kræʃ", "raw": "kræʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crash"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a serious accident (usually involving one or more vehicles)；a sudden large decline of business or the prices of stocks (especially one that causes additional failures)；the act of colliding with something；(computer science) an event that causes a computer system to become inoperative", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "哗啦声, 猛撞, 崩溃, 粗布"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "撞碎, 破碎, (使)...坠毁"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "速成的；崩溃"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5004, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3836, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crawl", "id": "en-crawl", "inflections": {"past": "crawled", "past_participle": "crawled", "present_participle": "crawling", "third_person_singular": "crawls"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krɒːl", "raw": "krɒ:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crawl"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a very slow movement；a swimming stroke; arms are moved alternately overhead accompanied by a flutter kick；a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "爬行, 匍匐而行, 养鱼池"}, {"en": "move slowly; in the case of people or animals with the body near the ground", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "爬行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3837, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1803, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crazy", "id": "en-crazy", "inflections": {"comparative": "crazier", "plural": "crazies", "superlative": "craziest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkreizi", "raw": "'kreizi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crazy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "foolish; totally unsound；possessed by inordinate excitement；bizarre or fantastic", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "发狂的, 狂热的"}, {"en": "someone deranged and possibly dangerous", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2546, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2008, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cream", "id": "en-cream", "inflections": {"past": "creamed", "past_participle": "creamed", "plural": "creams", "present_participle": "creaming", "third_person_singular": "creams"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kriːm", "raw": "kri:m", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cream"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the best people or things in a group；the part of milk containing the butterfat；toiletry consisting of any of various substances in the form of a thick liquid that have a soothing and moisturizing effect when applied to the skin", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "乳酪, 奶油, 面霜；乳油, 乳皮; 乳膏, 霜"}, {"en": "make creamy by beating", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 449, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 332, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "create", "id": "en-create", "inflections": {"past": "created", "past_participle": "created", "present_participle": "creating", "third_person_singular": "creates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kriːˈeit", "raw": "kri:'eit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "create"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "bring into existence；pursue a creative activity; be engaged in a creative activity；invest with a new title, office, or rank；create by artistic means", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "创造, 建造, 引起, 任命"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3029, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2050, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "creative", "id": "en-creative", "inflections": {"plural": "creatives"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kriːˈeitiv", "raw": "kri:'eitiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "creative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having the ability or power to create；promoting construction or creation", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "有创造力的, 创作的, 产生的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2268, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2353, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "creature", "id": "en-creature", "inflections": {"plural": "creatures"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkriːtʃə", "raw": "'kri:tʃә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "creature"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a human being; `wight' is an archaic term；a person who is controlled by others and is used to perform unpleasant or dishonest tasks for someone else", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "人, 动物, 创造物, 生物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 6165, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "credential", "id": "en-credential", "inflections": {"past": "credentialed"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kriˈdenʃəl", "raw": "kri'denʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "credential"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "econ", "zh": "国书, 凭据, 证明书；凭证, 证书"}, {"en": "n a document attesting to the truth of certain stated facts", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4156, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5099, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "creep", "id": "en-creep", "inflections": {"past": "crept", "past_participle": "crept", "plural": "creeps", "present_participle": "creeping", "third_person_singular": "creeps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kriːp", "raw": "kri:p", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "creep"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone unpleasantly strange or eccentric；a slow longitudinal movement or deformation；a pen that is fenced so that young animals can enter but adults cannot", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "爬, 徐行, 蠕动"}, {"en": "grow or spread, often in such a way as to cover (a surface)", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "爬, 蔓延, 潜行"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2202, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 1706, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crew", "id": "en-crew", "inflections": {"past": "crewed", "past_participle": "crewed", "plural": "crews", "present_participle": "crewing", "third_person_singular": "crews"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kruː", "raw": "kru:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crew"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the men and women who man a vehicle (ship, aircraft, etc.)；the team of men manning a racing shell", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "全体人员, 一群人, 全体队员；crow的过去式"}, {"en": "serve as a crew member on", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2496, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 8382, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cricket", "id": "en-cricket", "inflections": {"plural": "crickets"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkrikit", "raw": "'krikit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cricket"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "leaping insect; male makes chirping noises by rubbing the forewings together；a game played with a ball and bat by two teams of 11 players; teams take turns trying to score runs", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "蟋蟀, 板球"}, {"en": "play cricket", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1125, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 828, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crime", "id": "en-crime", "inflections": {"plural": "crimes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kraim", "raw": "kraim", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crime"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(criminal law) an act punishable by law; usually considered an evil act；an evil act not necessarily punishable by law", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "犯罪, 罪行, 罪恶；犯罪, 罪, 罪恶"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2063, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1953, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "criminal", "id": "en-criminal", "inflections": {"plural": "criminals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkriminəl", "raw": "'kriminәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "criminal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who has committed a crime or has been legally convicted of a crime", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "罪犯, 犯人, 刑事"}, {"en": "guilty of crime or serious offense；involving or being or having the nature of a crime", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "犯了罪的, 刑事的, 有罪的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11135, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 9401, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cripple", "id": "en-cripple", "inflections": {"past": "crippled", "past_participle": "crippled", "plural": "cripples", "present_participle": "crippling", "third_person_singular": "cripples"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkripl", "raw": "'kripl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cripple"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who is unable to walk normally because of an injury or disability to the legs or back", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "跛者, 残废"}, {"en": "deprive of strength or efficiency; make useless or worthless；deprive of the use of a limb, especially a leg", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使跛, 使成残废, 削弱"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "跛的, 残废的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 14078, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 14100, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crippling", "id": "en-crippling", "inflections": {"present_participle": "crippling"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "cripple", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkripliŋ", "raw": "'kripliŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crippling"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "(往复)曲折, 断裂, 临界的, 极限的"}, {"en": "that cripples or disables or incapacitates", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1467, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1206, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crisis", "id": "en-crisis", "inflections": {"plural": "crises"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkraisis", "raw": "'kraisis", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crisis"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty；a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "危机, 危险期, 紧要关头；危象; 骤退, 临界, 极期"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7199, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6194, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crisp", "id": "en-crisp", "inflections": {"comparative": "crisper", "past": "crisped", "past_participle": "crisped", "plural": "crisps", "present_participle": "crisping", "superlative": "crispest", "third_person_singular": "crisps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krisp", "raw": "krisp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crisp"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(of something seen or heard) clearly defined；tender and brittle；pleasantly cold and invigorating；pleasingly firm and fresh", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "脆的, 新鲜的, 活泼的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)烘脆, (使)拳曲, (使)起皱"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "松脆物"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 2574, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "criteria", "id": "en-criteria", "inflections": {"plural": "criterias"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "criterion", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kraiˈtiəriə", "raw": "krai'tiәriә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "criteria"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "标准；条件"}, {"en": "n a basis for comparison; a reference point against which other things can be evaluated；n the ideal in terms of which something can be judged", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1799, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": null, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "criterion", "id": "en-criterion", "inflections": {"plural": "criteria"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kraiˈtiəriən", "raw": "krai'tiәriәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "criterion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the ideal in terms of which something can be judged", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "标准, 准则, 规范；判据"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2271, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1355, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "critic", "id": "en-critic", "inflections": {"plural": "critics"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkritik", "raw": "'kritik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "critic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art；anyone who expresses a reasoned judgment of something；someone who frequently finds fault or makes harsh and unfair judgments", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "批评家, 鉴定家"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1616, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1126, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "critical", "id": "en-critical", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkritikəl", "raw": "'kritikәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "critical"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws；at or of a point at which a property or phenomenon suffers an abrupt change especially having enough mass to sustain a chain reaction；characterized by careful evaluation and judgment；urgently needed; absolutely necessary", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "批评的, 决定性的, 危险的, 临界的；危象的; 临界的, 极期的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1587, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 2093, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "criticism", "id": "en-criticism", "inflections": {"plural": "criticisms"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkritisizm", "raw": "'kritisizm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "criticism"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "disapproval expressed by pointing out faults or shortcomings；a serious examination and judgment of something；a written evaluation of a work of literature", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "批评, 评论, 非难；批判, 批评, 评论"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4040, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2550, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "criticize", "id": "en-criticize", "inflections": {"past": "criticized", "past_participle": "criticized", "present_participle": "criticizing", "third_person_singular": "criticizes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkritisaiz", "raw": "'kritisaiz", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "criticize"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "act as a critic", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "批评, 吹毛求疵, 非难"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 11809, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8300, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crooked", "id": "en-crooked", "inflections": {"past": "crooked", "past_participle": "crooked"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "crook", "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkrukid", "raw": "'krukid", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crooked"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having or marked by bends or angles; not straight or aligned；not straight; dishonest or immoral or evasive", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "弯曲的, 歪的, 邪恶的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2655, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2461, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crop", "id": "en-crop", "inflections": {"past": "cropped", "past_participle": "cropped", "plural": "crops", "present_participle": "cropping", "third_person_singular": "crops"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krɒp", "raw": "krɒp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crop"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the yield from plants in a single growing season；a cultivated plant that is grown commercially on a large scale；a collection of people or things appearing together；the output of something in a season", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "农作物, 产量, 平头"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "收割, 修剪, 种植；收获；裁剪"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1352, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 1391, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cross", "id": "en-cross", "inflections": {"past": "crossed", "past_participle": "crossed", "plural": "crosses", "present_participle": "crossing", "third_person_singular": "crosses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krɒs", "raw": "krɒs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cross"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a wooden structure consisting of an upright post with a transverse piece；a representation of the structure on which Jesus was crucified; used as an emblem of Christianity or in heraldry；any affliction that causes great suffering", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "十字架, 十字架形物件, 交叉, 十字标, 交叉路, 磨难, 杂交"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "生气的, 交叉的, 相反的"}, {"en": "fold so as to resemble a cross", "pos": "v.", "register": "comp", "zh": "交叉, 横过, 越过；交叉, 十字标"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9901, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8402, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crow", "id": "en-crow", "inflections": {"past": "crowed", "past_participle": "crowed", "plural": "crows", "present_participle": "crowing", "third_person_singular": "crows"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krəu", "raw": "krәu", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crow"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "black birds having a raucous call；the cry of a cock (or an imitation of it)；a member of the Siouan people formerly living in eastern Montana；a Siouan language spoken by the Crow", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "啼叫, 乌鸦, 鸡鸣, 撬棍"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "啼叫, 报晓"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1686, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1270, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crowd", "id": "en-crowd", "inflections": {"past": "crowded", "past_participle": "crowded", "plural": "crowds", "present_participle": "crowding", "third_person_singular": "crowds"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kraud", "raw": "kraud", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crowd"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a large number of things or people considered together；an informal body of friends", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "群众, 一伙人"}, {"en": "fill or occupy to the point of overflowing；to gather together in large numbers", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "拥挤, 挤满, 挤进"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1760, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 5097, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crown", "id": "en-crown", "inflections": {"past": "crowned", "past_participle": "crowned", "plural": "crowns", "present_participle": "crowning", "third_person_singular": "crowns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kraun", "raw": "kraun", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crown"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the Crown (or the reigning monarch) as the symbol of the power and authority of a monarchy；the part of a tooth above the gum that is covered with enamel；a wreath or garland worn on the head to signify victory；an ornamental jeweled headdress signifying sovereignty", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "王冠, 王权, 顶点"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使成王, 加冕, 居...之顶"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2013, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2397, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crucial", "id": "en-crucial", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkruːʃəl", "raw": "'kru:ʃәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crucial"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "of extreme importance; vital to the resolution of a crisis；having crucial relevance", "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "决定性的, 重要的, 严厉的；十字形的; 决断的, 定局的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4502, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5015, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crude", "id": "en-crude", "inflections": {"comparative": "cruder", "plural": "crudes", "superlative": "crudest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kruːd", "raw": "kru:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crude"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "not carefully or expertly made；conspicuously and tastelessly indecent；belonging to an early stage of technical development; characterized by simplicity and (often) crudeness；not processed or subjected to analysis", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "天然的, 未成熟的, 粗糙的, 粗鲁的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "天然的物质"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4471, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4762, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cruel", "id": "en-cruel", "inflections": {"comparative": "crueller", "superlative": "cruellest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkruːəl", "raw": "'kru:әl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cruel"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "残酷的, 令人极痛苦的；残忍的, 残酷的"}, {"en": "s (of persons or their actions) able or disposed to inflict pain or suffering", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6522, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 8337, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cruelty", "id": "en-cruelty", "inflections": {"plural": "cruelties"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkruːəlti", "raw": "'kru:әlti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cruelty"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a cruel act; a deliberate infliction of pain and suffering；feelings of extreme heartlessness；the quality of being cruel and causing tension or annoyance", "pos": "n.", "register": "law", "zh": "残酷, 野蛮, 残酷行为；残酷, 残忍, 虐待"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6098, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4681, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cruise", "id": "en-cruise", "inflections": {"past": "cruised", "past_participle": "cruised", "plural": "cruises", "present_participle": "cruising", "third_person_singular": "cruises"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kruːz", "raw": "kru:z", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cruise"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an ocean trip taken for pleasure", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "巡航, 巡弋, 漫游"}, {"en": "drive around aimlessly but ostentatiously and at leisure；travel at a moderate speed；look for a sexual partner in a public place", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "巡航, 巡弋, 漫游"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4964, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4311, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "crush", "id": "en-crush", "inflections": {"past": "crushed", "past_participle": "crushed", "plural": "crushes", "present_participle": "crushing", "third_person_singular": "crushes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krʌʃ", "raw": "krʌʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crush"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a dense crowd of people；the act of crushing", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "压碎, 粉碎, 群众, 迷恋"}, {"en": "break into small pieces；humiliate or depress completely", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "压破, 征服, 塞, 弄皱, 榨出；被压碎, 起皱, 挤"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7209, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 5659, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crust", "id": "en-crust", "inflections": {"past": "crusted", "past_participle": "crusted", "plural": "crusts", "present_participle": "crusting", "third_person_singular": "crusts"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "krʌst", "raw": "krʌst", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crust"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the outer layer of the Earth；a hard outer layer that covers something；the trait of being rude and impertinent; inclined to take liberties", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "外壳, 坚硬外皮, 面包皮"}, {"en": "form a crust or form into a crust", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "盖以硬皮；结硬皮"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3419, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3574, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "crystal", "id": "en-crystal", "inflections": {"plural": "crystals"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkristl", "raw": "'kristl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "crystal"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a solid formed by the solidification of a chemical and having a highly regular atomic structure；a crystalline element used as a component in various electronic devices；a rock formed by the solidification of a substance; has regularly repeating internal structure; external plane faces；glassware made of quartz", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "水晶, 水晶装饰品, 结晶"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "水晶的, 水晶一样的, 透明的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7702, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5725, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cube", "id": "en-cube", "inflections": {"past": "cubed", "past_participle": "cubed", "plural": "cubes", "present_participle": "cubing", "third_person_singular": "cubes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kjuːb", "raw": "kju:b", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cube"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a hexahedron with six equal squares as faces；the product of three equal terms；any of several tropical American woody plants of the genus Lonchocarpus whose roots are used locally as a fish poison and commercially as a source of rotenone；a block in the (approximate) shape of a cube", "pos": "n.", "register": "机", "zh": "立方体, 立方；立方体, 立方"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10327, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7772, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cubic", "id": "en-cubic", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkjuːbik", "raw": "'kju:bik", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cubic"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "having three dimensions", "pos": "a.", "register": "机", "zh": "立方体的, 立方的；立方的, 立方体的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9233, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 21814, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cuckoo", "id": "en-cuckoo", "inflections": {"past": "cuckooed", "past_participle": "cuckooed", "plural": "cuckoos", "present_participle": "cuckooing", "third_person_singular": "cuckoos"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkukuː", "raw": "'kuku:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cuckoo"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "any of numerous European and North American birds having pointed wings and a long tail", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "杜鹃鸟, 布谷鸟"}, {"en": "repeat monotonously, like a cuckoo repeats his call", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 12343, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8294, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cucumber", "id": "en-cucumber", "inflections": {"plural": "cucumbers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkjuːkəmbə", "raw": "'kju:kәmbә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cucumber"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a melon vine of the genus Cucumis; cultivated from earliest times for its cylindrical green fruit；cylindrical green fruit with thin green rind and white flesh eaten as a vegetable; related to melons", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "黄瓜；黄瓜, 胡瓜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6463, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4874, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cue", "id": "en-cue", "inflections": {"past": "cued", "past_participle": "cued", "plural": "cues", "present_participle": "cueing", "third_person_singular": "cues"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kjuː", "raw": "kju:", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cue"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an actor's line that immediately precedes and serves as a reminder for some action or speech；sports implement consisting of a tapering rod used to strike a cue ball in pool or billiards", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "提示, 线索"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": "comp", "zh": "给...暗示(或提示)；尾接指令"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6551, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 7686, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "culminate", "id": "en-culminate", "inflections": {"past": "culminated", "past_participle": "culminated", "present_participle": "culminating", "third_person_singular": "culminates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌlmineit", "raw": "'kʌlmineit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "culminate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "end, especially to reach a final or climactic stage；bring to a head or to the highest point；reach the highest or most decisive point；reach the highest altitude or the meridian, of a celestial body", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "到绝顶, 达于极点, 达到高潮；使到绝顶, 使达到高潮"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6415, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5574, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cultivate", "id": "en-cultivate", "inflections": {"past": "cultivated", "past_participle": "cultivated", "present_participle": "cultivating", "third_person_singular": "cultivates"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌltiveit", "raw": "'kʌltiveit", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cultivate"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "foster the growth of；prepare for crops", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "培养, 耕作"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 983, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 611, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "culture", "id": "en-culture", "inflections": {"past_participle": "cultured", "plural": "cultures", "present_participle": "culturing"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌltʃə", "raw": "'kʌltʃә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "culture"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a particular society at a particular time and place；the tastes in art and manners that are favored by a social group；(biology) the growing of microorganisms in a nutrient medium (such as gelatin or agar)；the attitudes and behavior that are characteristic of a particular social group or organization", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "文化, 修养, 耕种"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "耕种, 培养"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7270, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8447, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cumulative", "id": "en-cumulative", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkjuːmjulətiv", "raw": "'kju:mjulәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cumulative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "med", "zh": "累积的；蓄积的, 累积的"}, {"en": "s increasing by successive addition", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9717, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12813, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cunning", "id": "en-cunning", "inflections": {"superlative": "cunningest"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌniŋ", "raw": "'kʌniŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cunning"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness", "pos": "a.", "register": "law", "zh": "狡猾的, 巧妙的, 可爱的；狡猾的的, 狡诈的, 熟练的"}, {"en": "crafty artfulness (especially in deception)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3692, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 9358, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cupboard", "id": "en-cupboard", "inflections": {"plural": "cupboards"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌpbɒːd", "raw": "'kʌpbɒ:d", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cupboard"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a small room (or recess) or cabinet used for storage space", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "食橱, 碗柜, 餐具柜"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 23469, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 23109, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "curative", "id": "en-curative", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkjurətiv", "raw": "'kjurәtiv", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curative"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "tending to cure or restore to health", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "治病的, 有疗效的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "药物, 治疗法"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7037, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6733, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "curb", "id": "en-curb", "inflections": {"past": "curbed", "past_participle": "curbed", "plural": "curbs", "present_participle": "curbing", "third_person_singular": "curbs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəːb", "raw": "kә:b", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curb"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an edge between a sidewalk and a roadway consisting of a line of curbstones (usually forming part of a gutter)；a horse's bit with an attached chain or strap to check the horse", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "抑制, 勒马绳, 边石"}, {"en": "keep to the curb", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "抑制, 束缚, 勒住"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5242, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 4579, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cure", "id": "en-cure", "inflections": {"past": "cured", "past_participle": "cured", "plural": "cures", "present_participle": "curing", "third_person_singular": "cures"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kjuə", "raw": "kjuә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cure"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "治疗, 治愈, 治疗法"}, {"en": "prepare by drying, salting, or chemical processing in order to preserve；make (substances) hard and improve their usability；be or become preserved", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "治疗, 治愈, 改正, 腌制, 加工处理, 使硫化；受治疗, 被加工处理, 被硫化"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5059, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4518, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "curiosity", "id": "en-curiosity", "inflections": {"plural": "curiosities"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˌkjuəriˈɒsiti", "raw": ".kjuәri'ɒsiti", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curiosity"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a state in which you want to learn more about something", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "好奇心, 新奇的事物, 珍品"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3304, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3112, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "curious", "id": "en-curious", "inflections": {"comparative": "curiouser"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkjuəriəs", "raw": "'kjuәriәs", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curious"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "beyond or deviating from the usual or expected；eager to investigate and learn or learn more (sometimes about others' concerns)；having curiosity aroused; eagerly interested in learning more", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "好奇的, 求知的, 古怪的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5141, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5151, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "curl", "id": "en-curl", "inflections": {"past": "curled", "past_participle": "curled", "plural": "curls", "present_participle": "curling", "third_person_singular": "curls"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəːl", "raw": "kә:l", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curl"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "American chemist who with Richard Smalley and Harold Kroto discovered fullerenes and opened a new branch of chemistry (born in 1933)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "拳曲, 鬈发"}, {"en": "form a curl, curve, or kink；twist or roll into coils or ringlets；play the Scottish game of curling", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "弄卷；拳曲, 弯曲"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 10308, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9234, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "curly", "id": "en-curly", "inflections": {"comparative": "curlier", "plural": "curlies", "superlative": "curliest", "third_person_singular": "curlies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəːli", "raw": "'kә:li", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curly"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "(of hair) having curls or waves", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "拳曲的, 卷毛的, 弯曲的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2114, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 3738, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "currency", "id": "en-currency", "inflections": {"plural": "currencies"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌrənsi", "raw": "'kʌrәnsi", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "currency"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the metal or paper medium of exchange that is presently used；general acceptance or use", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "货币, 通货, 流通, 通用；货币, 货币型"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 755, "collins_star": 5, "frq_rank": 652, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "current", "id": "en-current", "inflections": {"plural": "currents"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌrənt", "raw": "'kʌrәnt", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "current"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a flow of electricity through a conductor；a steady flow of a fluid (usually from natural causes)", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "涌流, 趋势, 流"}, {"en": "occurring in or belonging to the present time", "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "流通的, 现在的, 当前的, 流行的；当前的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1361, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 1700, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "currently", "id": "en-currently", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌrəntli", "raw": "'kʌrәntli", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "currently"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "ad.", "register": "comp", "zh": "现在, 当前, 一般, 普通；当前"}, {"en": "r at this time or period; now", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1694, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2077, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "curriculum", "id": "en-curriculum", "inflections": {"plural": "curricula"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəˈrikjuləm", "raw": "kә'rikjulәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curriculum"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "课程；课程, 学程"}, {"en": "n an integrated course of academic studies", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6677, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5761, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "curse", "id": "en-curse", "inflections": {"past": "cursed", "past_participle": "cursed", "plural": "curses", "present_participle": "cursing", "third_person_singular": "curses"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəːs", "raw": "kә:s", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curse"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger；a severe affliction", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "咒骂, 诅咒"}, {"en": "utter obscenities or profanities；heap obscenities upon", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "诅咒, 咒骂"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 16308, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 18407, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "curt", "id": "en-curt", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəːt", "raw": "kә:t", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curt"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "简略的, 简短的, 生硬的"}, {"en": "s marked by rude or peremptory shortness；s brief and to the point; effectively cut short; `yes'\"", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2492, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3622, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "curtain", "id": "en-curtain", "inflections": {"past": "curtained", "past_participle": "curtained", "plural": "curtains", "present_participle": "curtaining", "third_person_singular": "curtains"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkəːtən", "raw": "'kә:tәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curtain"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "hanging cloth used as a blind (especially for a window)；any barrier to communication or vision", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "帐, 幕, 窗帘"}, {"en": "provide with drapery", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "装帘子于, 遮蔽"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2506, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 3462, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "curve", "id": "en-curve", "inflections": {"past": "curved", "past_participle": "curved", "plural": "curves", "present_participle": "curving", "third_person_singular": "curves"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "kəːv", "raw": "kә:v", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "curve"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes；a line on a graph representing data；a pitch of a baseball that is thrown with spin so that its path curves as it approaches the batter", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "曲线, 弯曲, 曲线球"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "弯, 使弯曲；成曲形"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6092, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6893, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cushion", "id": "en-cushion", "inflections": {"past": "cushioned", "past_participle": "cushioned", "plural": "cushions", "present_participle": "cushioning", "third_person_singular": "cushions"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkuʃən", "raw": "'kuʃәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cushion"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the layer of air that supports a hovercraft or similar vehicle；a soft bag filled with air or a mass of padding such as feathers or foam rubber etc.", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "垫子, 橡皮软垫"}, {"en": "protect from impact", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "加垫褥, 缓冲, 掩盖"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2344, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 2993, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "custom", "id": "en-custom", "inflections": {"plural": "customs"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌstəm", "raw": "'kʌstәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "custom"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "accepted or habitual practice；a specific practice of long standing；habitual patronage", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "习惯, 风俗, 海关, 自定义"}, {"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": "comp", "zh": "定制的；定制; 自定义"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6451, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 8505, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "customary", "id": "en-customary", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌstəməri", "raw": "'kʌstәmәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "customary"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "in accordance with convention or custom", "pos": "a.", "register": "econ", "zh": "习惯的, 惯常的；通常的, 习惯的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 879, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1098, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "customer", "id": "en-customer", "inflections": {"plural": "customers"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌstəmə", "raw": "'kʌstәmә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "customer"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who pays for goods or services", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "消费者；顾客"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 7926, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 9379, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cutter", "id": "en-cutter", "inflections": {"plural": "cutters"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈkʌtə", "raw": "'kʌtә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cutter"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "someone who carves the meat；someone whose work is cutting (as e.g. cutting cloth for garments)；a sailing vessel with a single mast set further back than the mast of a sloop；a cutting implement; a tool for cutting", "pos": "n.", "register": "chem", "zh": "裁剪者, 切割者, 切割器；刀具; 剪切机; 切刀; 切胶机"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 2200, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 2220, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "cycle", "id": "en-cycle", "inflections": {"past": "cycled", "past_participle": "cycled", "plural": "cycles", "present_participle": "cycling", "third_person_singular": "cycles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsaikl", "raw": "'saikl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cycle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an interval during which a recurring sequence of events occurs；a series of poems or songs on the same theme；a periodically repeated sequence of events；a single complete execution of a periodically repeated phenomenon", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "周期, 循环, 自行车, 一段时间, 整套"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": "comp", "zh": "循环, 轮转, 骑自行车；使循环, 使轮转；环路; 周期; 循环"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4820, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7075, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cylinder", "id": "en-cylinder", "inflections": {"plural": "cylinders"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsilində", "raw": "'silindә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cylinder"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a solid bounded by a cylindrical surface and two parallel planes (the bases)；a surface generated by rotating a parallel line around a fixed line；a chamber within which piston moves；a cylindrical container for oxygen or compressed air", "pos": "n.", "register": "comp", "zh": "圆筒, 圆筒状物, 汽缸, 柱面；柱面"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6355, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 7052, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "cynical", "id": "en-cynical", "inflections": null, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈsinikəl", "raw": "'sinikәl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "cynical"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "believing the worst of human nature and motives; having a sneering disbelief in e.g. selflessness of others", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "愤世嫉俗的, 讽刺的, 冷嘲的"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5628, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5750, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "dairy", "id": "en-dairy", "inflections": {"plural": "dairies", "present_participle": "dairying"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈdєəri", "raw": "'dєәri", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "dairy"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a farm where dairy products are produced", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "牛奶公司, 乳品店, 乳牛场"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6532, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4399, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "dam", "id": "en-dam", "inflections": {"past": "dammed", "past_participle": "dammed", "plural": "dams", "present_participle": "damming", "third_person_singular": "dams"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "dæm", "raw": "dæm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "dam"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a barrier constructed to contain the flow of water or to keep out the sea；female parent of an animal especially domestic livestock", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "水坝, 障碍"}, {"en": "obstruct with, or as if with, a dam", "pos": "v.", "register": "comp", "zh": "控制, 筑坝；直接存取法"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 1074, "collins_star": 4, "frq_rank": 1522, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "damage", "id": "en-damage", "inflections": {"past": "damaged", "past_participle": "damaged", "plural": "damages", "present_participle": "damaging", "third_person_singular": "damages"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈdæmidʒ", "raw": "'dæmidʒ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "damage"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the occurrence of a change for the worse；loss of military equipment；the act of damaging something or someone", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "损害, 伤害"}, {"en": "inflict damage upon", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "损害"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 6565, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4414, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "damn", "id": "en-damn", "inflections": {"past": "damned", "past_participle": "damned", "present_participle": "damning", "third_person_singular": "damns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "dæm", "raw": "dæm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "damn"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "something of little value", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "一点, 诅咒, 丝毫"}, {"en": null, "pos": "int.", "register": null, "zh": "该死, 该死的"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "诅咒, 罚...下地狱；指责, 谴责, 骂...该死, 证明...有罪"}, {"en": "used as expletives", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3845, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 5562, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "damp", "id": "en-damp", "inflections": {"comparative": "damper", "past": "damped", "past_participle": "damped", "plural": "damps", "present_participle": "damping", "superlative": "dampest", "third_person_singular": "damps"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "dæmp", "raw": "dæmp", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "damp"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a slight wetness", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "潮湿, 湿气"}, {"en": "slightly wet", "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "潮湿的"}, {"en": "restrain or discourage", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使潮湿, 使阻尼, 抑止；变潮湿, 衰减"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 3210, "collins_star": 3, "frq_rank": 3348, "oxford_core": true}, "headword": "dare", "id": "en-dare", "inflections": {"past": "dared", "past_participle": "dared", "present_participle": "daring", "third_person_singular": "dares"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "dєə", "raw": "dєә", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "dare"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "挑战, 挑动, 大胆"}, {"en": "to be courageous enough to try or do something", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "敢, 胆敢"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 9571, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 9273, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "daring", "id": "en-daring", "inflections": {"present_participle": "daring"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": "dare", "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈdєəriŋ", "raw": "'dєәriŋ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "daring"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": null, "pos": "a.", "register": null, "zh": "大胆的"}, {"en": "n a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy；n the trait of being willing to undertake things that involve risk or danger；v take upon oneself; act presumptuously, without permission；v to be courageous enough to try or do something；v challenge；s disposed to venture or take risks；s radically new or original", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": null}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 5634, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 6336, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "dash", "id": "en-dash", "inflections": {"past": "dashed", "past_participle": "dashed", "plural": "dashes", "present_participle": "dashing", "third_person_singular": "dashes"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "dæʃ", "raw": "dæʃ", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "dash"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "distinctive and stylish elegance；a quick run；a footrace run at top speed；the longer of the two telegraphic signals used in Morse code", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "冲撞, 破折号, 短跑"}, {"en": null, "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "猛冲, 冲撞；泼溅, 使猛撞, 搀和, 使破灭, 使沮丧"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": null, "collins_star": null, "frq_rank": 28458, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "datum", "id": "en-datum", "inflections": {"plural": "datums"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈdeitəm", "raw": "'deitәm", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "datum"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "an item of factual information derived from measurement or research", "pos": "n.", "register": "med", "zh": "论据, 材料, 资料, 已知数；材料, 资料, 论据"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 4374, "collins_star": 2, "frq_rank": 4004, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "dawn", "id": "en-dawn", "inflections": {"past": "dawned", "past_participle": "dawned", "plural": "dawns", "present_participle": "dawning", "third_person_singular": "dawns"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet4", "cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "dɒːn", "raw": "dɒ:n", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "dawn"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "the first light of day；the earliest period；an opening time period", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "破晓, 黎明"}, {"en": "appear or develop", "pos": "vi.", "register": null, "zh": "破晓"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 13863, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 12418, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "dazzle", "id": "en-dazzle", "inflections": {"past": "dazzled", "past_participle": "dazzled", "plural": "dazzles", "present_participle": "dazzling", "third_person_singular": "dazzles"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈdæzl", "raw": "'dæzl", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "dazzle"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "to cause someone to lose clear vision, especially from intense light；amaze or bewilder, as with brilliant wit or intellect or skill", "pos": "v.", "register": null, "zh": "(使)眼花, 炫耀"}, {"en": "brightness enough to blind partially and temporarily", "pos": "n.", "register": null, "zh": "耀眼"}]}, {"audio": null, "difficulty": {"bnc_rank": 20850, "collins_star": 1, "frq_rank": 28547, "oxford_core": null}, "headword": "deafen", "id": "en-deafen", "inflections": {"past": "deafened", "past_participle": "deafened", "present_participle": "deafening", "third_person_singular": "deafens"}, "lang": "en", "lemma": null, "lists": ["cet6"], "phonetic": {"ipa": "ˈdefən", "raw": "'defәn", "variety": "en-GB"}, "provenance": {"curated": false, "dataset": "ECDICT", "dataset_license": "MIT", "dataset_version": "ECDICT-MIT-2025", "extracted_at": "2026-10-15", "upstream_word": "deafen"}, "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1", "senses": [{"en": "be unbearably loud；make or render deaf；make soundproof", "pos": "vt.", "register": null, "zh": "使聋；变聋"}]}], "schema_version": "qianlin-word-entry/1"} |