Swahili-English xFried/FreeDict Dictionary

Swahili-English xFried/FreeDict Dictionary compiled by Beata Wójtowicz, wierzchob at wp.pl corrected by Beata Wójtowicz, wierzchob at wp.pl corrected by Piotr Bański, bansp at o2.pl Maintainer Piotr Bański 0.4.4 little lexical and technical fixes Beata Wójtowicz Piotr Bański 2675 headwords, 7399 tokens in definitions FreeDict

Available under the terms of the GNU General Public License ver. 2.0 and any later version.

$Id$ 2 November 2010 http://freedict.org/ small

This file in version 0.0.2 was compiled by Beata Wójtowicz from other electronic documents. It was based on Swahili-Kiswahili to English Translation Program by Morris Fried available from http://www.dict.org/links.html, which has been supplemented by entries from Freedict Swahili-English Dictionary (version 0.0.1) created by Horst Eyermann (http://www.freedict.de) from the Swahili-Esperanto and Esperanto-English Ergane dictionaries, available from http://www.travlang.com/.

The December 2008 version (0.3), edited by Beata Wójtowicz and Piotr Bański, has been fixed syntactically, verified lexicographically and converted to the basic TEI P5 XML schema for dictionaries. The number of entries and the definitional parts have been extended. See the revisionDesc for subsequent changes.

This dictionary comes to you through nice people making it available for free and for good. It is part of the FreeDict project, http://freedict.org/. This project aims to make available many translating dictionaries for free. Your contributions are welcome!

Sebastian Humenda correct licencing stanza (thanks to Karl Bartel) Version 0.4.3, 30 December 2009. Changes by Piotr Bański. Small modifications in the header. Changed the database name from swa-eng to swh-eng, for compatibility with ISO 639-3 and other resources. Version 0.4.3, 30 December 2009. Changes by Beata Wójtowicz and Piotr Bański. Little fixes in equivalents and one bug fix in the script generating definitions of plurals (mifugo was broken). Version 0.4.2, 17 April 2009. Changes by Piotr Bański. Technical changes vis-a-vis Freedict TEI-to-DICT scripts: looking for the balance between project-specific and Freedict-wide properties Split kwenye in two (preposition + copula) - this is a technical move, to unify the nesting level of <note> elements with @type="cl-agr", but it's also in agreement with our POS strategy for this stage of the present dictionary: one entry per POS, and kwenye appears to have lexicalised from whatever -enye is into an uninflected preposition. Moved class agreement information from the abused <note> elements into <gramGrp>, nested inside the regular <gramGrp>; this is another feature carried over from our Swahili-Polish-Swahili project. Unfortunately, <gramGrp> may not carry the @type argument. I could use a <gram> element for this without nesting gramGrps, but the nested gramGrp is intended as a feature structure that holds all agreement information in a single package. All generated plural entries are now @type="pl" (by script). There are 522 such entries in this version. xr/@type="plural-sense" is gone and replaced with the (abused) note/@type="def". This is to make sure that the content of generated plurals will be treated as single definitions later on. note/@type="num" is augmented by @rend="noindent"; this is project-specific and pertains to the way the DICT databases are created. This is not meant to be filled by hand, a script does that when converting the editable dictionary into the final form. The "tokens in definitions" count rose sharply because of the extra words "Plural of" repeated 522 times (they used to be part of <xr>) and also colons or sense numbers in some of the definitions of plurals. This may suggest a change of the formula for this count (or dropping it altogether). OTOH, ignoring plural entries from this count does not seem fair, given that they are by all means informative. The code is now sum(for $txt in (/TEI/text/body/entry/sense//def/descendant::text() | /TEI/text/body/entry/sense/note[@type ne 'editor']/descendant::text()) return count(tokenize(normalize-space($txt),' '))) - I have fixed it to catch all text nodes, which the previous counts didn't. The intended simplicity of encoding and incremental building of Freedict dictionaries relies to some extent on bordering on tag abuse. Instead of distinguishing between <usg> and <note> elements, I'd rather use more kinds of notes. Added: @type="lbl" for notes within (definitional) notes - currently only labelling literal translations, @type="usage" for notes describing the usage of the given headword/sense. @type="dom" for crude characteristics of the domain of usage; includes hypernyms (date-fruit). @type="obj" for typical object (most of these values come straight from the Guidelines). Rule: all <note> elements that precede the given equivalent should be inside its <def> (for ease of transformation into c5 and CSS rendering only). Things that should eventually get beautified/modified (while keeping an eye on the balance between project-"neutral" tools and project-specific demands: benki <n> (pl: {mabenki}) [sg=pl] - mark the lexical (class) ambiguity of the noun (or wait until class info is provided explicitly) in some contexts, some elements are rendered in c5 with a preceding blank line. This is due to legacy code that doesn't really harm, so I do not intend to fix that for now Version 0.4.1, 28 March 2009. Changes by Piotr Bański and Beata Wójtowicz. This is largely a maintenance release with minor fixes and additions. New subcategories of locatives: unspec for "unspecified" (-ko), spec for "specified" (-po), in for "within" (-mo) From editionStmt for version 0.4.1: Beata Wójtowicz: minor fixes and POS corrections, entries for -enye and the locative copulas; Piotr Bański: minor header changes wrt the updated FreeDict scripts, lexicographic consultation, minor fixes in equivalents. Version 0.4, 15 February 2009. Changes by Piotr Bański and Beata Wójtowicz. Fixed mistakes found in version 0.3. Nouns of class 9 (the 'N class') are marked as 'type="N"' on their <form> element. This is used to signal that their plural forms (class 10) are identical to the respective singulars. Plural forms added in all applicable cases and identified the sg=pl pairs (= class N). Plurals are essentially back-references to singulars (citing their content), although in some cases, a specific "plural" (collective, mass) meaning is also provided. Note that e.g. the information on benki as seen in the browser view ("benki [sg=pl] (pl: mabenki)") signals that benki is ambiguous between class 9 (no plural marking) and class 5 (plural in ma-). Some classes of vocabulary added/expanded (e.g. names of countries and their inhabitants; the present-tense irregular paradigm of wa na added) No more parentheses inside <def> elements, more types of notes: hint - the most general and generic gram - grammatical information (valency, POS of the equivalent, etc.) def - the real definition, it will become the <def> element in the next version cl-agr - (abused) holds information on classes that the given element agrees with, used only for comma-separated lists of values editor - internal, hidden from users num - (abused, could be 'gram') holds information on the number of "you/your/yours" in English equivalents Many more references - types of <xr> elements: cf - 'see also', generic syn - points at synonyms imp-form - points at an (irregular) imperative form, could be made more generic ('inflection') infl-base - points at the stem from an inflected form plural-form - points at the plural from between <form> and <gramGrp> plural-sense - points at the singular from inside <sense> Many POS and subcategorization changes; for example, 'expr' now indicates "portmanteau" (cumulative) grammatical words, some conjunctions and interjections have been identified Changed/introduced some header elements for compatibility with the Freedict build system (indicated in comments) The accompanying CSS stylesheet has been modified to provide a work view of the dictionary 2612 entries, 2629 headwords, 5027 tokens in definitions, computed by sum(for $txt in //def | //sense/note[@type ne 'editor'] return count(tokenize(normalize-space($txt),' '))) Some of the development of this dictionary and the Freedict project has been described in a paper entitled A repository of free lexical resources for African languages: the project and the method by Piotr Bański and Beata Wójtowicz, accepted for the AfLaT-2009 (Language Technologies for African Languages) workshop, part of the 12th meeting of the European Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL). TO DO: whatever is mentioned in the previous todo list and not done here introduce more robust grammatical description in <gramGrp>, taking over the content of some <note> elements; split complex <subc> elements add many more verbs and adjectives; add more cycles of function words add explicit class information to nouns (this is what the cl-agr notes refer to) Add Freedict-specific notes on the last editor of the entry and the level of certainty. describe the markup add usage examples (in the cit/quote system) consider using <gramGrp> (or even <form>, for capitalization, see e.g. msahafu) within particular <sense>s, where appropriate. From editionStmt for version 0.4: Beata Wójtowicz: verification and correction of entries, addition of new entries (among others, complete sg-pl pairing) Piotr Bański: more explicit XML structure, lexicographic consultation, fixes/additions, mostly in the English part Version 0.3, 30 December 2008. Changes by Piotr Bański and Beata Wójtowicz. Redesign of the scheme for this dictionary (with focus on the microstructure). Setting the foundation for the subcategorisation of parts of speech -- currently used for pronouns (cf. ake or hawa) and causative verbs only. Partial introduction of singular-plural pairings (coded as a reference system, cf. fanikio vs. mafanikio). Irregular plurals are indicated, cf. jambo. Some other irregular inflections are also marked cf. njoo or hakuna. Added cross-entry references. Currently restricted to synonyms and the generalized "see also". Organized (sub)senses better. Added usage notes. Currently restricted to note/@type="hint" (and abused in imperative forms of verbs), pending the switch from the <def> system to the cit/quote system of the later stage of TEI P5. (Note that the CSS also supports <note> elements without the @type attribute - these are reserved for internal use and are removed from the final version or turned into XML comments). Equivalents are still listed in <def> elements (some of them separated by commas and with extra information in brackets, cf. chako). This is inherited from the earlier versions and will be changed in the next one. Eliminated entries for 'prepositional' phrases in -a -- their meanings can be regularly constructed from the relevant nouns. Eliminated double entries. Fixed malformed entries. The number of headwords increased from 1542 (including double entries and 'prepositional' phrases in -a) in version 0.0.2 to 2060 (count(//orth)) in version 0.3. The number of tokens in the definitional parts of entries, computed by sum(for $txt in //def | //note[@type='hint'] return count(tokenize(normalize-space($txt),' '))), increased from 2143 in version 0.0.2 to 4139 in version 0.3. Created and added a CSS stylesheet (linked by a processing instruction) to make maintenance and review easier. Expanded the header to provide more information and the change log. Added a DTD and a Relax NG schema, both derived from a TEI P5 ODD for with the Dictionaries module (attached). Bumped the version number up by one decimal point (this is no longer an alpha release), to 0.3. Some of the goals of the next version must be better machine-readability (the cit/quote system with no commas or parentheses in the equivalents) complete singular-plural pairing irregular inflections should be handled better, and cross-referenced to a greater extent more spelling variants should be captured possibly, more thorough subcategorization the distinction between free (e.g. wangu) and bound (e.g. -angu) elements should be marked a thorough overview and disambiguation of senses by means of usage notes or further equivalents possibly, more cross-entry references should be provided From editionStmt for version 0.3: Beata Wójtowicz: verification and correction of entries, addition of new entries Piotr Bański: conversion to TEI P5, more explicit XML structure, more detailed teiHeader, lexicographic consultation Version 0.0.2, 24 June 2004. Compiler: Beata Wójtowicz Created version 0.0.2. on the basis of Swahili-Kiswahili to English Translation Program by Morris D. Fried. It was supplemented with entries selected from version 0.0.1 by Horst Eyermann (who concatenated the Ergane Swahili-Esperanto and Esperanto-English dictionaries in 2000). POS information was added to the entries that came from 0.0.1 Repetitions in the sense part were eliminated. The dictionary was marked up in TEI P4. maabiria n passenger v worship, revere, adore the only purpose of this very note is to make sure that editor notes get hidden in the CSS before the dictionary is released; it should not show up in DICT databases either. v leave quit, stop doing sth v leave one another, separate, divorce differ, diverge v forgive maachilio n forgiveness n fee, payment n manners, etiquette n punishment, penalty reprimand, lesson n midday period between noon and 2 p.m. maadili n ethics, morals, good conduct maadui n enemy opponent in games or sports adv better, preferably, rather maafisa maofisa n officer n office, bureau n Africa n health v leave, say goodbye v agree, make an agreement say goodbye, exchange farewells maagano n promise agreement, contract See also: ahadi n New Testament n Old Testament v caus order, command, instruct direct, instruct, give instructions order, place an order v caus order for n August n promise, pledge, vow See also: agano v caus embarrass, shame humiliate n shame, embarrassment humiliation n kind, sort maajabu n wonder, marvel, miracle surprise awe, amazement, astonishment n accident destiny, fate n reason, sake, cause pron poss his hers its n reserve, savings n intelligence, intellect sense brain, brains pron poss your sg. n tool, instrument n sign mark n afternoon period between 3 p.m. and 5 p.m. n before dawn around 4 a.m. n Thursday v invite n God n lace conj or n peace v tell v infect v believe v wake, get up v greet v greet each other n command, order v be ordered v caus awaken v caus be awakened v decide v command, order v infl he has she has it has See also: wa na maandazi n doughnut, pastry v write maandiko n writing v be written n sky v fly v look at, observe be careful, watch out take care of pay attention v shine, glow illuminate, brighten observe, look intently v shine on pron poss my v knock down, throw down v fall v fall into, fall on, fall onto v caus drop topple, tumble, overthrow esp. government, ruler is _tumble_ ok in this sense? let down, disappoint n address v begin, initiate, launch See also: anzisha v caus start up, begin, initiate, launch See also: anza pron poss their n April n land, soil earth v inform num forty n wedding n honey interj thank you n acid n per cent n soldier, police, guard n morning period between 6 a.m. and 10 a.m. n satin conj or v borrow, lend maazimio n declaration n bar pub adv after adv after, behind adv afterwards n some n father n paternal uncle father's younger brother n paternal uncle father's older brother n father-in-law n stepfather v be confused, hesitate v caus confuse n grandfather adv instead of v substitute, change exchange, barter v caus exchange, change v caus be changed adv still not yet n bathroom bathtub n sea, ocean n the Atlantic Ocean n the Indian Ocean n the Pacific Ocean n the Red Sea mabaharia n sailor n envelope n luck, chance fate v caus hazard take a chance n bike, cycle, bicycle n bean cake v remain mabakuli n bowl n misfortune conj but, however, nevertheless, yet mabalozi n ambassador mabalungi n grapefruit n okra v squeeze mabanda n shed n garage n port n doll v stick on v take off n bracelet mabao n board mabara n continent, land n India n road, way, highway adv exactly, precisely n ice n blessing n living room, sitting room n cold v bless n letter, mail interj so mabata n duck adj bad v carry mabega n shoulder mabegi n bag mabehewa n train carriage n price mabenki n bank n beer mabiarusi n bride n commerce mabibi n lady n Bible adj raw unripe n goods v oblige n effort prep without n drinking glass n insurance n human being, person adj personal, private n cousin mabingwa n specialist, expert clever person champion mabinti n daughter miss young lady mabirika n kettle v knock at the door v ask permission to enter knock at the door See also: piga hodi v argue n screwdriver adj ripe n curry turmeric mabomba n pump v break down mabonde n valley depression n the Rift Valley adj excellent v caus improve mabosi n boss adj rotten mabufuu n shell mabuibui n spider purdah mabuli n teapot adj blue adv in vain n entertainment, recreation n wisdom mabustani n garden mabwana n gentleman mabwanaarusi n groom mabweni n dormitory prt poss 7 of adj few adj dirty n sneeze v choose machaguo n choice n tea bribe pron poss 7 his, her, hers, its n chalk pron poss 7 your sg., yours sg. vyakula n food meal vyama n association party v slit vyandarua n mosquito net machangamano n mixture, blend cooperation association, union adj cheerful v mix v contribute to n bream a kind of sea fish of genus Lethrinops pron poss 7 my, mine v separate v be torn v vaccinate pron poss 7 their n brand, trade mark v beat, hit v print n oyster v laugh v smile v caus amuse n laughter macheleo n delay v delay v boil, seethe v caus boil, heat up n crossword v caus be boiled n small money, change pron poss 7 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 7 having with vyeo n measure grade, rank, rate vyeti n certificate testimony pron poss 7 our, ours n cod v play v play at adv below, downstairs, underneath adv below, beneath, under, underneath v slaughter v sprout v get tired v burn, roast pierce, stab vyombo n jug, box, container vase, vessel vyoo n dung, excrement latrine pron 7 all, whole v be bruised n leopard n ill-feeling v hate v caus offend v carry take v carry for vyuma n iron, metal v gather vyumba n room, chamber n salt v watch over vyungu n cooking pot jug adj bitter machungwa n orange vyuo n school n university n bottle vyura n frog n sister madaftari n notebook madafu n coconut n small fish v claim, demand n minute madaktari n doctor, physician madaladala n local minibus in Tanzania See also: matatu n blood v lie, deceive, cheat adj false n dance madaraja n stairs bridge rank, position madarasa n class madawa n drug, medicine, pharmaceutical madeni n debt, loan n December madeski n desk n custom, habit, way n gold adj faint, weak n sin v think v despise v harm n degree n religion madirisha n window n collected works madoa n spot madobi n launderer, laundryman, laundrywoman washer, washerman, washerwoman adj small, little n dollar maduka n shop, store, boutique v bounce n world (synonym: ulimwengu) v rotate num eleven v caus park adj red v be clear float, levitate v face v caus direct v know v reach an agreement v caus explain maelezo n explanation adj thousand v be educated n knowledge adj good adj narrow maembe n mango (imp: nenda) v go v accompany v go to v continue v caus manage, drive maeneo n area pron poss your pl. cop poss having with the forms of -enye display pronominal agreement adj able capable adj dark dim adj strong adj oneself adj light of weight or colour v take off, remove v avoid adj cunning n airplane, plane (synonym: ndege) pron poss our adj white adj black v die v be useful, be suitable, be proper v sweep n Plural of ufagio: broom v understand n profit, gain v profit, benefit v profit from n Plural of ufalme: kingdom v resemble v caus liken mafanikio n success, achievement v succeed v make v do for v be done n comfort relief n horse v die n literature v translate v be successful, achieve n February n money (synonyms: hela, pesa) silver v hide v uncover, reveal mafigo n kidney v arrive v arrive at v consider v caus deliver v caus be delivered n stick n hyena n Plural of ufizi: gum, gingiva adv completely, heavily, deeply occurs in compounds with 'lala' and 'fa' n form n customs n pillow case n fridge v wash v follow v investigate v caus copy mafujo n chaos v caus drive out n undershirt adj certain, some, such-and-such v be washed v weave v close v open v unravel mafundi n craftsman v caus teach mafundisho n lesson mafundo n knot v fasten, close v caus tow v fasten with v unfasten, open v be opened n Plural of ufunguo: key, wrench v be closed v cover v uncover v caus teach adj short v caus shorten n gladness, joy v rejoice mafurushi n bundle v wipe v wipe with maganda n bark, husk, peel, shell v cure pron inter what kind magari n wheeled vehicle n pier magauni n dress, gown v divide v share magazeti n newspaper magego n molar adj foreign magereza n prison, jail v turn around adv suddenly adj expensive n expense v confuse n confusion v be disturbed n upper floor n cl. 5 only darkness, murk n glass n glove v tap v contradict v quarrel v beat, hit v collide with, bump into one another adj ill, sick magoti n knee adj solitary adj hard difficult n gum paste magunia n sack magurudumu n wheel v touch adj few n news, novelty used also in greetings (e.g. Habari yako?, Habari za hapa?, etc.) n Ethiopia, Abyssinia n caution, warning precaution, vigilance prep until n story adj faint, light, weak miserable poor adj alive interj it does not matter, never mind v infl 4,9 it does not have See also: wa na n need, want n righteousness n certainty v caus make sure, make certain v infl 7 it does not have See also: wa na v infl 17 there is not there are not See also: wa na adv afterwards adj legal, valid n state, condition v infl 5 it does not have See also: wa na adv exactly n laxative v move from n motivation v move to v infl you pl. do not have See also: wa na v infl 18 is not inside are not inside See also: wa na num fifty n longing v infl he does not have she does not have it does not have See also: wa na pron dem ref 2 these, those, the persons referred to previously or close to the hearer adv here pron dem prox 16 this v infl 16 there is not there are not See also: wa na interj no (synonym: la) adv there specified then pron dem ref 16 this, that, the one referred to previously or close to the hearer n haste adj forbidden v break down v destroy n silk n smell adv especially n loss interj certainly not! n anger v damage prep until, till interj not at all n danger n document mahatibu n speaker n conclusion adv finally n step v infl we do not have See also: wa na v infl 3,11 it does not have See also: wa na v infl 8 it does not have See also: wa na pron dem prox 2 these n money order v infl they do not have See also: wa na pron dem prox 6 these v infl 6 it does not have See also: wa na pron dem ref 6 these, those, the ones referred to previously or close to the hearer n treasury v infl 10 it does not have See also: wa na mahekalu n temple n wisdom knowledge n money (synonyms: fedha, pesa) mahema n tent n earring n good fortune n mathematics account number v count n respect v show respect, honour n air gas v choose, prefer n choice pron dem ref 7 this, that, the one referred to previously or close to the hearer pron dem prox 4,9 this, these pron dem prox 7 this pron dem prox 5 this pron dem ref 5 this, that, the one referred to previously or close to the hearer mahindi n maize v sense, feel n feeling v need pron dem prox 8 these pron dem ref 8 these, those, the ones referred to previously or close to the hearer pron dem ref 4,9 this,these, that, those, the one/ones referred to previously or close to the hearer pron dem prox 10 these pron dem ref 10 these, those, the ones referred to previously or close to the hearer adj brave interj May I come in? Hello! while knocking on someone's door See also: karibu n fear n fever n congratulations used as a congratulatory expression See also: pongezi n horn n hospital n hotel n speech v attend, participate, be present n service v assist v serve adv perhaps adv there unspecified then pron dem ref 15,17 this, that, the one referred to previously or close to the hearer pron dem prox 15,17 this adv here, hereabouts pron dem ref 18 this, that, the one referred to previously or close to the hearer adv in here pron dem prox 18 this v infl you sg. do not have See also: wa na n cheque, check pron dem ref 3,11 this, that, the one referred to previously or close to the hearer n freedom adj free, independent See also: huru adj free, independent See also: huria n mercy sympathy v be related v be involved v give a share concern pron dem prox 3,11 this pron dem ref 1 this, the person referred to previously or close to the hearer pron dem prox 1 this n sorrow, sadness v steal n worship maibilisi n lucifer, satan v be robbed n total, quantity, number n department n permission, approval v immitate v caus mimic conj even if n Friday conj if, provided that cop loc unspec 4,9 is in an unspecified place conj except pron dem nprox 4,9 that, those, yonder, the one/those over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer conj in order that, for, to, per n faith adj strong v caus strengthen v sing cop loc in 4,9 is within, in there v infl 4,9 it has See also: wa na v bend down conj although adj many, much v enter v enter into adj other v caus put in maini n liver n New Testament n essay interj God willing! v lift up v get up n fly cop loc spec 4,9 is in a specified place v finish v live num twenty n linguistics prep except v call v answer v be called conj if (imp: njoo) v come v fill up n tradition origin majahazi n dhow n family interj my goodness! mambo n affair, business, case, matter interj hello used as a greeting; most often prefixed with participant and negative markers (Hujambo? - Sijambo, etc.) n republic n society, community n yesterday n initiation rite majani n leaf blade of grass n January v test majasho n sweat majawabu n answer v caus fill prt inter how often used as a question marker we need examples for the various uses (as a particle or pronoun) n prison majembe n hoe v build majengo n building majeraha n wound v injure, wound majeshi n army n cheese majibu n answer v answer macho n eye v caus learn majiji n city majiko n kitchen fireplace majina n name meno n tooth n kind, sort n gender, sex n evening period between 5 p.m. and 8 p.m. majipu n boil abscess majirani n neighbour majitu n giant majivu n ash mawe n stone majogoo n cock, rooster majoka n serpent n heat n pair majua n sun v know majukwaa n stage n July v be known v caus inform introduce someone majuma n week n Saturday n Tuesday n Sunday n Wednesday n Monday majumba n mansion, palace majumbe n chief, boos, leader n sum, total n community, association n June v regret adv above adv across from, against, in exchange for, opposed to on, upon above, over n the day before yesterday v sit stay, reside, live fit suit n crab makaa n charcoal ember v fry makabila n tribe adv at all, entirely, quite, wholly prep before conj before, in front of makaburi n grave adj certain, various makafara n sacrifice makafiri n infidel heathen atheist pagan n coffee adj brown makahini n soothsayer witch deceiver n brother n pen n pencil n old times adj sharp hot v squeeze conj like as n clock mainspring spiral spring v catch hold n rope v complete adj exactly complete makampuni n company v squeeze out n dictionary adv not at all v deny n Plural of ukanda: leather strap v knead adv beside next to aside v be kneaded makanisa n church v caus deny v rebuke n gown makapu n large basket n factory workshop See also: kiwanda makarani n clerk n playing card n paper v approach v caus welcome, invite adv near interj Welcome! reply to 'Hodi!' adv less n speed adv very fast, quickly v be angry makasisi n minister n northern wind hot season n north adv less adv less a quarter v cut v refuse v caus forbid makatazo n objection, prohibition adv middle adv among, between prep in n middle prep between v be cut v dry up v be dried up v caus dry with adj dry n custom v tighten n work, job n cake n ado, din, noise num nine n bell n Kenya n tomorrow n day after tomorrow needs to be categorised properly num fifty adj African viangazi n hot season n Arabic, Arabic language viasi n amount viatu n shoe viazi n potato vibaba n pint vibanda n hut vibiriti n match viboko n hippo vichefuchefu n nausea vicheko n laugh n Chinese, Chinese language vichwa n head vidani n necklace videvu n chin adv a little, a bit vidole n finger toe vidonda n sore, ulcer vidonge n pill vidude n thingamajig, whatchamacallit trifle valueless thing gadget, gizmo vielezi n beginning introduction vifaa n implement n French, French language vifaru n rhino vifo n death vifua n chest, breast vifungo n fastening n can opener, tin-opener vifuniko n lid, hood, cover vifurushi n package n Hindi, Hindi language n Spanish, Spanish language n English, English language viingilio n entry fee admission fee vijana n youth, youngster vijembe n penknife n German, German language vijiji n village vijiko n spoon vijito n stream vikapu n basket adj female feminine viko n pipe cop loc unspec 7 is in an unspecified place vikohozi n cough vikombe n cup vikuku n bracelet n 10c coin vikuto n roll something rolled up adj every pron dem nprox 7 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer vilima n hill vilimo n agriculture vilio n cry shout n kilogram n kilometre n monkey, mangabey vima n amount, price, value v run away v run to v caus drive away vimeta n anthrax vimetameta n brightness shine glitter cop loc in 7 is within, in there n cl. 7 silence adj silent quiet v infl 7 it has See also: wa na n small lump nodule vinyozi n barber vinywa n mouth vinywaji n beverage viogeo n bathing suit viongozi n guide, leader vioo n mirror glass viota n nest vipande n fragment, piece part, share bit, lump, piece vipeo n top climax vipimo n measurement measure vipindi n period extent of time cop loc spec 7 is in a specified place vipofu n blind person vipunguzo n discount vipupwe n cool season n Portuguese, Portuguese language viriba n water bottle water skin n Russian, Russian language adv then visigino n heel visima n well visiwa n island visongo n tourniquet visu n knife n Swahili, Swahili language vitabu n book vitako n buttock, buttocks, butt vitambaa n cloth, fabric vitambo n while moment vitana n comb vitanda n bed vitano n 5c coin vitasa n lock vithibitisho n guarantee, proof, document viti n chair vito n gem vitu n thing article, object vitunguu n onion vituo n stop, stopping place station usually in compounds n bus stop n police station n train station n thirst adj male masculine viungo n connection, link spice, seasoning viuno n waist vivuko n bridge crossing ferry vivuli n shadow viwanda n factory See also: karakana viwanja n open field earth, land, soil, n airport viwiko n wrist n Hebrew, Hebrew language vizibo n cork viziwi n deaf person n club n tortoise v rent tax v caus rent out v caus be rented makofi n palm of the hand applause n hat v cough makoleo n tongs v caus bring to an end, stop makonde n fist n sheep n gnu, wilde beest makoo n throat v borrow n Plural of ukope: 1. eyelid 2. eyelash v caus lend makopo n tin can n score a unit of twenty items v stir, mix e.g. ingredients makosa n fault v miss v quarrel v be mistaken v fail pron 15,17 all, whole makoti n coat n Christmas v grow up v agree adj big, great, large important, serious n Plural of ukucha: fingernail n chicken fowl adv there pron dem nprox 15,17 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer adv right, right side conj than adv So! v remember v caus remind num ten v infl 17 there is there are See also: wa na n Plural of ukunde: bean v fold v unfold n vote n Koran n Plural of ukurasa: 1. page, leaf 2. leaflet adv left, left side n cool south wind n south makusudi n intention n Plural of ukuta: wall v come across, meet v meet one another n adv?? whole day adj chief, main, major, principal great v caus enlarge prep with to for prt poss 15,17 of conj because, because of, due to interj goodbye, bye, farewell, adieu conj on that account, therefore conj for example conj because, for the reason that as, because, for, since v fade pron poss 15,17 his, her, hers, its pron poss 15,17 your sg., yours sg. v stick conj that pron poss 15,17 my, mine pron inter why adj first pron poss 15,17 their adv truly pron poss 15,17 your pl., yours pl. prep in at on this is a form of enye, lexicalized in a prepositional/locative function cop poss 15,17 having with pron poss 15,17 our, ours v eat interj no (synonym: hapana) prt poss 5 of adv perhaps, maybe adj smooth soft v caus smooth pron poss 5 his, her, hers, its num hundred thousand conj but however, nevertheless, yet pron poss 5 your sg., yours sg. v sleep lie down, sleep v sleep in n tar pron poss 5 my, mine pron poss 5 their v caus lay down n necessity, must v be required of adj that those v bring up v press upon malengelenge n blister pron poss 5 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 5 having with n adv? today n scarf v bring v bring to pron poss 5 our, ours v get drunk v cry out prep not only n vacation cop loc unspec 5 is in an unspecified place pron dem nprox 5 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer v hoe malimau n lemon cop loc in 5 is within, in there v infl 5 it has See also: wa na v guard pron inter when v pay malipo n payment cop loc spec 5 is in a specified place v caus feed pron 5 all, whole n language, tongue n Plural of abiria: passenger n Plural of achilio: forgiveness n Plural of adili: ethics, morals, good conduct n Plural of adui: 1. enemy 2. opponent (in games or sports) n Plural of afisa: officer n Plural of agano: 1. promise 2. agreement, contract. See also: ahadi n Plural of ajabu: 1. wonder, marvel, miracle; surprise 2. awe, amazement, astonishment adj special n meaning n Plural of andazi: doughnut, pastry n Plural of andiko: writing n cl. 6 knowledge n Plural of azimio: declaration n Plural of baharia: sailor n Plural of bakuli: bowl n Plural of balozi: ambassador n Plural of balungi: grapefruit n Plural of banda: shed n Plural of bao: board n Plural of bara: continent, land n Plural of bata: duck n Plural of bega: shoulder n Plural of begi: bag n Plural of behewa: train carriage n Plural of benki: bank n Plural of biarusi: bride n Plural of bibi: lady n Plural of bingwa: 1. specialist, expert 2. clever person 3. champion n Plural of binti: 1. daughter 2. miss; young lady n Plural of birika: kettle n cl. 6 dispute, argument, quarrel n Plural of bomba: pump n Plural of bonde: valley; depression n Plural of bosi: boss n Plural of bufuu: shell n Plural of buibui: 1. spider 2. purdah n Plural of buli: teapot n Plural of bustani: garden n Plural of bwana: gentleman n Plural of bwanaarusi: groom n Plural of bweni: dormitory n Plural of chaguo: choice n Plural of changamano: 1. mixture, blend 2. cooperation 3. association, union n Plural of cheleo: delay n March n Plural of jicho: eye n Plural of chungwa: orange n Plural of daftari: notebook n Plural of dafu: coconut n Plural of daktari: doctor, physician n Plural of daladala: local minibus in Tanzania. See also: matatu n Plural of daraja: 1. stairs 2. bridge 3. rank, position n Plural of darasa: class n Plural of dawa: drug, medicine, pharmaceutical n Plural of deni: debt, loan n Plural of deski: desk n metal n Plural of dirisha: window n Plural of doa: spot n Plural of dobi: launderer, laundryman, laundrywoman; washer, washerman, washerwoman n Plural of duka: shop, store, boutique n Plural of elezo: explanation n Plural of embe: mango n progress, advancement, advance n Plural of eneo: area n Plural of fanikio: success, achievement n Plural of figo: kidney n flu, chest cold n Plural of fujo: chaos n Plural of fundi: craftsman n Plural of fundisho: lesson n Plural of fundo: knot n Plural of furushi: bundle n oil n Plural of ganda: bark, husk, peel, shell n Plural of gari: wheeled vehicle n Plural of gauni: dress, gown n Plural of gazeti: newspaper n Plural of gego: molar n Plural of gereza: prison, jail n it may be cl. 6 and/or adv; tuki says 9/10 west sunset n Plural of ugomvi: quarrel, dispute n Plural of ugonjwa: sickness n Plural of goti: knee n Plural of gunia: sack n Plural of gurudumu: wheel n cl. 16 place, location plaza, square, public square n wherever n Plural of hatibu: speaker n Plural of hekalu: temple n Plural of hema: tent n Plural of hindi: maize n Plural of ibilisi: lucifer, satan n mile n Plural of ini: liver n life n corpse n Plural of jahazi: dhow n grass Plural of jani: 1. leaf 2. blade of grass n Plural of jasho: sweat n Plural of jawabu: answer n Plural of jembe: hoe n Plural of jengo: building n Plural of jeraha: wound n Plural of jeshi: army n water n Plural of jibu: answer n Plural of jiji: city n Plural of jiko: 1. kitchen 2. fireplace n Plural of jina: name n Plural of jipu: boil; abscess n Plural of jirani: neighbour n Plural of jitu: giant n Plural of jivu: ash n Plural of jogoo: cock, rooster n Plural of joka: serpent n Plural of jua: sun n Plural of jukwaa: stage n Plural of juma: week n Plural of jumba: mansion, palace n Plural of jumbe: chief, boos, leader n Plural of kaa: 1. charcoal 2. ember n Plural of kabila: tribe n Plural of kaburi: grave n Plural of kafara: sacrifice n Plural of kafiri: 1. infidel; heathen 2. atheist; pagan n Plural of kahini: 1. soothsayer 2. witch 3. deceiver n article n buttocks n Plural of kampuni: company n Plural of kanisa: church n Plural of kapu: large basket n Plural of karani: clerk n Plural of kasisi: minister n Plural of katazo: objection, prohibition n Plural of kofi: 1. palm (of the hand) 2. applause n Plural of koleo: tongs n Plural of konde: fist n Plural of koo: throat n Plural of kopo: tin can n Plural of kosa: fault n Plural of koti: coat n library n Plural of kusudi: intention n angel n Plural of lengelenge: blister n cl. 6 upbringing n possessions n king, ruler n Plural of limau: lemon n Plural of lipo: payment v finish n queen n mother n maternal aunt mother's younger sister n maternal aunt mother's older sister n mother-in-law n stepmother n crocodile n Plural of jambo: affair, business, case, matter n authority n Plural of nabii: prophet n Plural of nahodha: captain n Plural of nanasi: pineapple n scenery, view, landscape n Plural of neno: word n Arabia n turmeric n Plural of ofisa: officer n Plural of pacha: twin n Plural of pafu: lung n Plural of paja: thigh n Plural of paji: forehead n Plural of pambo: ornament, decoration. See also: nakshi n Plural of panga: machete n Plural of papai: papaya n agreement, contract adv early n Plural of pera: guava n Plural of pindi: bend, turn n Plural of pumziko: pause; breake n time, turn we need some examples here, later on adv now and then adv once, one time adv frequently, often, regularly n sickness n Plural of rafiki: friend interj reply to "shikamoo" See also: shikamoo n deceased person n America United States of America, U.S.A. n ointment n prohibition n hours n range, distance n Plural of sanduku: box n Plural of seremala: carpenter n Plural of shada: bunch n Plural of shairi: poem n Plural of shaka: doubt n Plural of shamba: field n Plural of shangazi: paternal aunt n east n moustache n Plural of shati: shirt n Plural of shauri: 1. advice, counsel 2. design, diagram, plan, plane 3. plan, project, scheme n Plural of shavu: cheek n Plural of shimo: pit, well n Plural of shindano: competition n engine, machine n Plural of shoka: axe n boat adj famous, known n greater rains n Plural of sikio: ear n Plural of simulizi: story, tale, narrative adj poor, miserable n Plural of soko: market, bazaar, fair n Plural of sokwe: ape n Plural of somo: 1. lesson 2. study 3. reading n Plural of sonara: jeweller n Plural of swali: question n Plural of taifa: nation n Plural of tamasha: show n Plural of tangazo: ad, advertisement, announcement n Plural of tangi: tank n Plural of tango: cucumber n Plural of tanki: tank n trouble n Plural of tatizo: difficulty, problem n local minibus in Kenya See also: daladala n Plural of taya: jaw n saliva n Plural of tendo: accomplishment, achievement, act, action n repair, maintenance n medical treatment n Plural of utingo: conductor n Plural of tita: bundle n Plural of titi: breast, teat n result, outcome n Plural of tone: drop n Plural of tope: mud n abuse n Plural of tumbo: stomach n expenses n Plural of tunda: fruit n Plural of tundu: hole n Plural of tungule: tomato n Plural of tusi: insult; abuse n Plural of ua: flower, bloom n Plural of umivu: pain n Plural of vumbi: dust n harvest n Plural of wazo: thought n Plural of jiwe: stone n Plural of wimbi: wave n Plural of yai: egg n Plural of zao: product, harvest, produce n environment n milk n Plural of ziwa: 1. lake 2. breast n Plural of zoezi: exercise n Plural of zulia: rug, carpet n Plural of zungumzo: discussion, discourse adv far adj different See also: mbalimbali adj various, different See also: mbali n Plural of ubao: plank, board n Plural of ubavu: rib n Plural of ubawa: wing n seed adv in front num two with cl. 10 and in isolation See also: wili n sky n speed n vegetable n manure pron inter why n Plural of ubongo: brain n mosquito n goat n dog n cl. 9, cl. 3 and/or adv daytime period between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. michanganyiko n mixture wachawi n sorceror, magician witch michele n rice, husked rice wacheza n actor michezo n game n spinach wachukuzi n porter wachumba n fiancée, fiancé wachungaji n herdsman, shepherd michungwa n orange tree michwa n termite midomo n lip wadudu n insect, bug n May n steamship adj 6 many, much n Plural of jino: tooth n table v swallow wafalme n king mifano n example wafanyakazi n worker Wafaransa n Frenchman mifereji n water-channel mifugo n domesticated animal mifuko n bag mifupa n bone waganga n traditional healer doctor wageni n stranger, foreigner guest Wagiriki n Greek migomba n banana plant migongo n back wagonjwa n sick person patient miguu n leg Wahabeshi n Ethiopian wahandisi n engineer wahariri n editor Wahindi n Indian wahudumu n waiter, attendant num hundred n appointment n Plural of mwaka: year n Plural of mwangaza: brightness n Plural of mwanzo: beginning, start n Plural of mwavuli: umbrella n Plural of mwiba: thorn n Plural of mchanganyiko: mixture n Plural of mchele: rice, husked rice n Plural of mchezo: game n Plural of mchungwa: orange tree n Plural of mchwa: termite n Plural of mdomo: lip n Plural of mwembe: mango tree n Plural of mwendo: 1. distance, offset 2. journey, trip, voyage n Plural of mwenendo: behavior n Plural of mwezi: 1. moon 2. month n Plural of mfano: example n Plural of mfereji: water-channel n herd, livestock Plural of mfugo: domesticated animal n Plural of mfuko: bag n Plural of mfupa: bone n Plural of mgomba: banana plant n Plural of mgongo: back n Plural of mguu: leg n Plural of muhindi: maize plant n Plural of muhogo: cassava n Plural of mwili: body n Plural of mwisho: end n Plural of mji: town, city n Plural of mkahawa: cafe n Plural of mkasi: scissors n Plural of mkate: bread n Plural of mkato: 1. shortcut 2. amputation n Plural of mkebe: can n Plural of mkeka: plaited mat n Plural of mkia: tail n Plural of mkoa: state, province n Plural of mkoba: bag n Plural of mkono: arm n Plural of mkopo: loan n Plural of mkutano: meeting n Plural of mlango: 1. door 2. gate, portal adv forever, eternally adj striped n Plural of mlima: mountain n Plural of mlio: shout, cry num million n pregnancy n Plural of mmea: plant pron pers I n Plural of mnara: tower n Plural of mnazi: coconut palm adj 4 many, much n Plural of mnyororo: chain n Plural of moyo: heart n Plural of mpaka: border n Plural of mpango: plan, arrangement, schedule n Plural of mpunga: rice plant n Plural of mradi: intention n Plural of msaada: help, aid n Plural of msahafu: book. See also: Msahafu n Plural of msalaba: cross n Plural of msamaha: forgiveness n Plural of mshahara: wage, salary n Plural of mshale: arrow n Plural of mshangao: amazement n Plural of mshipa: nerve; vessel n Plural of msikiti: mosque n Plural of msitu: forest, wood n Egypt n Plural of mstari: line n Plural of musuli: muscle n Plural of msumari: nail n Plural of mswaki: toothbrush n Plural of mtaa: street n Plural of mtalimbo: crowbar n Plural of mtama: millet n Plural of mtambo: spring-mechanism, machine n Plural of mtazamo: 1. viewpoint 2. attitude n Plural of mtelemko: descent n Plural of mtende: date-palm. See also: tende n Plural of mti: 1. tree 2. pole, post, stanchion, stake 3. timber, wood n Plural of mtihani: exam, test n Plural of mtini: fig tree n Plural of mto: 1. river 2. pillow n Plural of mtulinga: collarbone n Plural of mundu: sickle n Plural of muziki: music n Plural of mvinyo: wine n Plural of muwa: sugar cane n eyeglasses n Plural of mzabibu: grape vine n Plural of mzigo: load n Plural of mzizi: root n Plural of mzungu: 1. rarity (something unusual, rare, amazing) 2. cleverness n Plural of mzunguko: cycle, circuit wajane n widow, widower Wajapani n Japanese Wajerumani n German miji n town, city n capital city wajinga n fool wajomba n maternal uncle wajukuu n grandchild wajumbe n messenger adv in front mikahawa n cafe mikasi n scissors mikate n bread mikato n shortcut amputation wake n wife mikebe n can mikeka n plaited mat Wakenya n Kenyan mikia n tail wakimbiaji n runner wakimbizi n refugee fugitive cop loc unspec you pl. are in an unspecified place mikoa n state, province mikoba n bag mikono n arm mikopo n loan Wakristo n Christian wakulima n farmer wakurugenzi n leader, manager wakusanya n collector mikutano n meeting wakwe n in-law milango n door gate, portal walawatu n cannibal adv in there pron dem nprox 18 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer milima n mountain walimaji n farmer walinzi n guard milio n shout, cry Wamarekani n American mimea n plant cop loc in you pl. are within, in there v infl you pl. have See also: wa na v infl 18 is inside are inside See also: wa na minara n tower minazi n coconut palm adv very wanyama n animal beast minyororo n chain num one n check: cl. 3 or 3/4 (mimoshi) smoke adj first myoto n fire heat n car mioyo nyoyo n heart prep up to until mipaka n border mipango n plan, arrangement, schedule wapendwa n dear, beloved wapishi n cook cop loc spec you pl. are in a specified place mipunga n rice plant wapwa n nephew, niece miradi n intention Wareno n Portuguese warithi n inheritor Warumi n Roman Warusi n Russian misaada n help, aid wasafiri n traveller n Koran See also: Kurani misahafu n book See also: Msahafu wasaidizi n assistant misalaba n cross misamaha n forgiveness wasanii n artist wasemaji n speaker orator mishahara n wage, salary washairi n poet mishale n arrow mishangao n amazement washauri n consultant, advisor washika n holder washindani n competitor washinde n loser washindi n winner mishipa n nerve vessel washirika n partner, associate washiriki n participant washonaji n tailor (synonym: mshoni) washoni n tailor (synonym: mshonaji) wasichana n girl misikiti n mosque wasimamizi n overseer, supervisor misitu n forest, wood wasomaji n reader mistari n line misumari n nail n Mozambique Wasumbiji n Mozambican Waswahili n Swahili person miswaki n toothbrush Wasweden n Swede (synonym: Mswidi) Waswidi n Swede (synonym: Msweden) mitaa n street watalaka n divorcee watalii n tourist mitalimbo n crowbar mitama n millet mitambo n spring-mechanism, machine Watanzania n Tanzanian watazamaji n observer mitazamo n viewpoint attitude mitelemko n descent mitende n date-palm See also: tende miti n tree pole, post, stanchion, stake timber, wood mitihani n exam, test mitini n fig tree mito n river pillow watoto n child watu n person mitulinga n collarbone watume n prophet, apostle watumishi n servant, boy watumwa n slave watunza n caretaker n period of time adj important mihindi n maize plant mihogo n cassava waume n husband miundu n sickle n God misuli n muscle miwa n sugar cane miuziki n music n white hair mivinyo n wine n rain wavulana n boy wavuvi n fisherman prt poss 18 of Waafrika n African miaka n year pron poss 18 his, her, hers, its pron poss 18 your sg., yours sg. wali n maiden walimu n teacher, instructor wana n child, offspring, son, daughter wanafunzi n pupil student wanawake n woman wanaume n man waandishi n waiter waangalifu n careful person miangaza n brightness pron poss 18 my, mine mianzo n beginning, start pron poss 18 their Waarabu n Arab miavuli n umbrella miembe n mango tree miendo n distance, offset journey, trip, voyage mienendo n behavior pron poss 18 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 1,18 having with wenyeji n inhabitant wenzi n companion waerevu n clever person pron poss 18 our, ours miezi n moon month miba n thorn miili n body waimbaji n singer Waingereza n Englishman miisho n end wezi n thief waombaji n beggar pron 18 all, whole wauguzi n nurse Wayahudi n Jew n Plural of moto: 1. fire 2. heat Wayunani n Hellene, ancient Greek mizabibu n grape vine wazazi n parent wazee n elder mizigo n load mizizi n root Wazungu n European mizungu n rarity something unusual, rare, amazing cleverness mizunguko n cycle, circuit conj and with by adv yes manabii n prophet n opportunity n gain, profit manahodha n captain n ornament, ornamentation See also: pambo n number expr and I with me n kind mananasi n pineapple num eight pron inter who expr and you pl. with you pl. expr and they and them with them expr and we with us n fare v wash hands expr and you sg. with you sg. expr and he, and she, and it with him, with her, with it n coconut n country, state n calf adv inside adv in, inside, into, on, per, within n bird airplane, plane (synonym: eropleni) n Plural of udevu: beard expr emph it is I n Plural of ulimi: tongue n lime fruit expr emph it is you pl. expr emph it is they adv then expr emph it is us expr emph it is you expr emph it is he, it is she adv yes n banana n marriage n bucket, pail n dream n elephant (synonym: tembo) n relative, cousin n smallpox v speak v imp go form of enda adj fat maneno n word n the other side abroad n cow cattle n camel n wheat pron inter how many n stairs ladder n scorpion v wait v wait for n drum dance n skin, leather n fist n clothes n kingfish n pig, swine n strength n pillar cop am are is See also: wa n aim, purpose cop loc unspec am in an unspecified place v infl no problem I'm ok literally I have already recovered This is a formulaic answer to pole check if this gets sorted out properly cop loc in am within, in there v infl I have See also: wa na pron inter what cop loc spec am in a specified place n hunger adv abroad, out, outside n road, street, way means, way, method n crossroad n pigeon v imp come form of ja num four adj corpulent, fat, thick n November n wax v smell bad v smell good v buy v smell n half n Plural of wakati: time, period of time; season n meat v caus be quiet v rob n baboon n tomato grandmother n buffalo n Plural of wavu: net, network n Plural of unyayo: sole, footprint n Plural of wembe: razor v caus rain n Plural of wimbo: song adj 10 many, much pron pers you pl. v shave n Plural of uyoga: mushroom n snake n hip n star in the sky fortune, luck pron all of you n Plural of moyo: heart n Plural of ua: court, yard, courtyard n Plural of ufa: crack n bee adv behind n Plural of uma: fork adv behind, after n house n hammer n Plural of uso: face n Plural of uti: trunk (of a tree) n Plural of uzi: cord, rope, string v drink n Plural of unywele: hair, single thread of hair n locust v marry v bathe v bathe in v swim v fear, be afraid v caus frighten, scare v save n October v be married v beg v see feel v meet v take away v go away v rise up v be apparent seem v converse v caus increase v caus drive v taste v warn v caus show n list v wash v wash v grow pron all, whole we list the individual forms as well adv carelessly v caus rot v give prt poss 16 of n antelope, gazelle mapacha n twin mapafu n lung mapaja n thigh mapaji n forehead n cat v apply pron poss 16 his, her, hers, its v take on pron poss 16 your sg., yours sg. adv there pron dem nprox 16 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer n cotton v dawn mapambo n ornament, decoration See also: nakshi adv together adj wide v infl 16 there is there are See also: wa na n division v plant climb n Plural of upande: side, direction v arrange, order, put in order mapanga n machete n Plural of upanga: sword pron poss 16 my, mine n rat n mouse pron poss 16 their n shark mapapai n papaya n screw n Easter n clothes iron passport prep without v split v get v agree v get for v be obtainable n pound currency adj alone v send v send for v be sent to v be sent adv in a corner v love v favor v caus please adj 16 many, much pron poss 16 your pl., yours pl. v penetrate cop poss 16 having with n spirit, demon paradise n Plural of upepo: wind mapera n guava n peppermint n money (synonyms: hela, fedha) n ring jewellery n gasoline pron poss 16 our, ours v be given pron inter which v give for adv also, too equally, likewise n painting, picture photo, picture v hit, beat v sneeze v ask permission to enter knock at the door See also: bisha hodi v vote v kneel v clap hands, applaud v run v yawn v brush teeth v iron v take a photo v fight v hit for v cook v cook in adj second n pepper v measure v turn mapindi n bend, turn v be twisted v oppose n half gallon v pass v pass by v cool down v accept, receive, take, take in adj gentle, careful adv slowly See also: polepole interj sorry! my condolences! poor you! used to express sympathy and compassion adv slowly See also: pole n policeman, police n beer, ale v get well v crush n congratulation See also: hongera v cure n allowance ration n post mail pron 16 all, whole v get lost v caus lose v caus cool n nose v rest mapumziko n pause breake n donkey, ass n zebra v diminish v caus reduce n coast, seaside, shore v be loose adj new, novel adj content marafiki n friend adj cheap, inexpensive easy, facile n citizen n cl. 9 Ramadan n map n color adj official n list n pound weight adj long deep, profound n rail train n quarter n soul n balcony v return v caus send back n permission v be permitted v permit v jump n hour, o'clock, time clock, watch num seven n reason num seventy n soap v believe n journey, trip, voyage adj clean v travel v travel by v caus send off v caus cleanse v grind n plate dish v forget adj forgetful adj correct, right v caus correct v help v be helped n prayer n safety, peace n greetings v pray v greet n manure interj excuse me, I'm sorry n fish n meat pie v forgive adv very n art artwork masanduku n box n phonograph n slippers n mirage n coin adv now, at present n sound voice adj equal n planet n part, section n second v speak n cent n September maseremala n carpenter n government n brass mashada n bunch mashairi n poem mashaka n doubt n Syria mashamba n field v be amazed, be surprised mashangazi n paternal aunt n gauze mashati n shirt mashauri n advice, counsel design, diagram, plan, plane plan, project, scheme mashavu n cheek adj barbarous n celebration n law v be full n trouble v hold on to interj my respects! See also: marahaba n shilling mashimo n pit, well v overcome mashindano n competition v be overcome n neck v cooperate, participate mashoka n axe v sew n left hand n business v descend, get off n thanks, gratitude v thank n school n measles cop neg am not is not are not See also: wa n biting ant n butter n politics n brassiere, bra v recommend num zero n cigarette n vinegar v hear feel v caus listen masikio n ear v be sorry n day, 24 hours adv always literally all days sort this out properly when converting n holiday, festival n weapon, arms v stand n lion n telephone v tell a story, narrate masimulizi n story, tale, narrative v infl I do not have See also: wa na n needle injection n cinema, movie theater film, movie n tray n secret pron pers we us v hesitate num six n deck num sixty adv no n screw n school masoko n market, bazaar, fair n socks masokwe n ape v read v caus teach masomo n lesson study reading masonara n jeweller pron all of us v be comfortable n station n Plural of usukani: steering-gear n sugar v push v rinse mouth v trouble n rabbit hare n soup n pants n antelope, impala maswali n question n lamp n problem, trouble n statement announcement n character habit interj please n party v chew v look for v be careful n eagle mataifa n nation v mention adj wealthy v want adj clean holy v be requested n statistics n divorce matamasha n show v realize recognize adj sweet gentle, soft v lay out v be laid out n centipede n ginger, ginger beer v caus proclaim matangazo n ad, advertisement, announcement matangi matanki n tank matango n cucumber prep since v precede num five n Tanzania v hope, intend n Plural of utaratibu: program, procedure, method n date time matatizo n difficulty, problem num three n plague mataya n jaw adj ready, finished v caus prepare for v look, look at v expect, rely on n technology n taxi adj abundant v walk v visit n elephant (synonym: ndovu) adv again n date fruit See also: mtende matendo n accomplishment, achievement, act, action v be separated v caus repair v caus repair for v caus be repaired n Plural of utepe: tape v descend, get off n chicken pox v shiver n value num thirty num eighty num twelve v put v put in v be complete n team n fig num nine num ninety matita n bundle matiti n breast, teat v be put v take out n difference v go out v appear v put out for matone n drop matope n mud v run away v be enough v disappear v caus collect v caus be collected n train adv only v set down v repent cop loc unspec we are in an unspecified place v caus pacify v desire expect, hope v trust n tobacco n monkey, vervet monkey matumbo n stomach v use v be in service v use for v be used cop loc in we are within, in there v infl we have See also: wa na matunda n fruit v hang up on matundu n hole matungule n tomato v care for n file, rasp v throw cop loc spec we are in a specified place adj naked empty matusi n insult abuse n giraffe maua n flower, bloom nyua n court, yard, courtyard v kill murder destroy n Persia n registration n attention n Arabia n discrimination n embassy mbao n plank, board mbavu n rib mbawa n wing n wickedness n Belgium mbongo n brain n enchantment, magic, sorcery, witchcraft, wizardry n economics n Germany ndevu n beard n soil, ground nyufa n crack fagio n broom falme n kingdom n France fizi n gum, gingiva funguo n key, wrench n stiff porridge n Uganda n strangeness foreign parts abroad mark the POS of abroad as adv n Greece magomvi n quarrel, dispute magonjwa n sickness n Ethiopia n life n India n Holland n freedom n England n Germany n thin porridge n collective work n stupidity, ignorance n wages n sharpness kanda n leather strap cop loc unspec you sg. are in an unspecified place cop loc unspec 3,11 is in an unspecified place kope n eyelid eyelash n size kucha n fingernail kunde n bean kurasa n page, leaf leaflet kuta n wall n tamarind n truth n Europe pron dem nprox 3,11 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer ndimi n tongue n world (synonym: dunia) v ask nyuma n fork v bite n poverty v create n distance n lightning electricity v be injured maumivu n pain cop loc in you sg. are within, in there cop loc in 3,11 is within, in there n unity n The United Nations n age n importance v be sick be in pain v infl you sg. have See also: wa na v infl 3,11 it has See also: wa na n flour v join v caus merge n Zanzibar n ceremonial dance, initiation dance nyayo n sole, footprint nywele n hair, single thread of hair n lie n width pande n side, direction panga n sword pepo n wind adv quickly cop loc spec you sg. are in a specified place cop loc spec 3,11 is in a specified place n gentleness n length n Portugal n inheritance, heritage n Russia n poetry n tax n night n sleep nyuso n face sukani n steering-gear n Swahili coast stretch of East Africa coast where Swahili is spoken Swahili culture and way of life n inquisitiveness research n nationhood n sweetness taratibu n program, procedure, method n slippery place tepe n tape nyuti n trunk of a tree matingo n conductor n childhood n intestines n laziness nyoga n mushroom v sell n birth, childbearing nyuzi n cord, rope, string n weight n beauty v dress adv okay, well n Plural of kiangazi: hot season n Plural of kiasi: amount n Plural of kiatu: shoe n Plural of kiazi: potato n Plural of kibaba: pint n Plural of kibanda: hut n Plural of kibiriti: match n Plural of kiboko: hippo n Plural of kichefuchefu: nausea n Plural of kicheko: laugh n Plural of kichwa: head n Plural of kidani: necklace n Plural of kidevu: chin n Plural of kidole: 1. finger 2. toe n Plural of kidonda: sore, ulcer n Plural of kidonge: pill n Plural of kidude: 1. thingamajig, whatchamacallit 2. trifle; valueless thing 3. gadget, gizmo n Plural of kielezi: beginning; introduction n Plural of kifaa: implement n Plural of kifaru: rhino n Plural of kifo: death n Plural of kifua: chest, breast n Plural of kifungo: fastening n Plural of kifuniko: lid, hood, cover n Plural of kifurushi: package n Plural of kiingilio: entry fee; admission fee n Plural of kijana: youth, youngster n Plural of kijembe: penknife n Plural of kijiji: village n Plural of kijiko: spoon n Plural of kijito: stream n Plural of kikapu: basket n Plural of kiko: pipe cop loc unspec 8 are in an unspecified place n Plural of kikohozi: cough n Plural of kikombe: cup n Plural of kikuku: bracelet n Plural of kikuto: roll (something rolled up) pron dem nprox 8 those, yonder, those over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer n Plural of kilima: hill n Plural of kilimo: agriculture n Plural of kilio: cry; shout n Plural of kima: amount, price, value v swell n Plural of kimeta: anthrax n Plural of kimetameta: brightness; shine; glitter cop loc in 8 are within, in there v infl 8 it has See also: wa na adj 8 many, much n Plural of kinyozi: barber n Plural of kinywa: mouth n Plural of kinywaji: beverage n Plural of kiogeo: bathing suit n Plural of kiongozi: guide, leader n Plural of kioo: 1. mirror 2. glass n Plural of kiota: nest n Plural of kipande: 1. fragment, piece 2. part, share 3. bit, lump, piece n Plural of kipeo: top; climax n Plural of kipimo: measurement; measure n Plural of kipindi: period; extent of time cop loc spec 8 are in a specified place n Plural of kipofu: blind person n Plural of kipunguzo: discount n Plural of kipupwe: cool season n Plural of kiriba: water bottle; water skin n Plural of kisigino: heel n Plural of kisima: well n Plural of kisiwa: island n Plural of kisongo: tourniquet n Plural of kisu: knife n war n Plural of kitabu: book n Plural of kitako: buttock, buttocks, butt n Plural of kitambaa: cloth, fabric n Plural of kitambo: while; moment n Plural of kitana: comb n Plural of kitanda: bed n Plural of kitano: 5c coin n Plural of kitasa: lock n Plural of kithibitisho: guarantee, proof, document n Plural of kiti: chair n Plural of kito: gem n Plural of kitu: 1. thing 2. article, object n Plural of kitunguu: onion n Plural of kituo: 1. stop, stopping place 2. station (usually in compounds) n Plural of kiungo: 1. connection, link 2. spice, seasoning n Plural of kiuno: waist adj idle n Plural of kivuko: 1. bridge; crossing 2. ferry n Plural of kivuli: shadow n Plural of kiwanda: factory. See also: karakana n Plural of kiwanja: open field; earth, land, soil, n Plural of kiwiko: wrist n visa n Plural of kizibo: cork n Plural of kiziwi: deaf person adv okay, well n volcano v undress fish, catch fish adj warm v leak v cross over n lesser rains mavumbi n dust v reap v break v be broken v stir up v pull v fascinate, attract prt poss 8 of pron poss 8 his, her, hers, its pron poss 8 your sg., yours sg. n Plural of chakula: 1. food 2. meal n Plural of chama: association; party n Plural of chandarua: mosquito net pron poss 8 my, mine pron poss 8 their pron poss 8 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 8 having with n Plural of cheo: 1. measure 2. grade, rank, rate n Plural of cheti: 1. certificate 2. testimony pron poss our, ours n Plural of chombo: 1. jug, box, container 2. vase, vessel n Plural of choo: 1. dung, excrement 2. latrine pron 8 all, whole n Plural of chuma: iron, metal n Plural of chumba: room, chamber n Plural of chungu: 1. cooking pot 2. jug n Plural of chuo: school n Plural of chura: frog v be inflected irregularly in the present tense as with 'wa na', this note should be extended; mention ni, -po, -ko, -mo prt poss 1,2,3,11 of v have inflected irregularly in the present tense n Plural of Mwafrika: African n Plural of mwandishi: waiter n Plural of mwangalifu: careful person n Plural of Mwarabu: Arab n Plural of mchawi: sorceror, magician; witch n Plural of mcheza: actor n Plural of mchukuzi: porter n Plural of mchumba: fiancée, fiancé n Plural of mchungaji: herdsman, shepherd n Plural of mdudu: insect, bug n Plural of mwerevu: clever person n Plural of mfalme: king n Plural of mfanyakazi: worker n Plural of Mfaransa: Frenchman n Plural of mganga: 1. traditional healer 2. doctor n Plural of mgeni: 1. stranger, foreigner 2. guest n Plural of Mgiriki: Greek n Plural of mgonjwa: 1. sick person 2. patient n Plural of Mhabeshi: Ethiopian n Plural of mhandisi: engineer n Plural of mhariri: editor v be in time n Plural of Mhindi: Indian n Plural of mhudumu: waiter, attendant n Plural of mwimbaji: singer n Plural of Mwingereza: Englishman n Plural of mjane: widow, widower n Plural of Mjapani: Japanese n Plural of Mjerumani: German n Plural of mjinga: fool n Plural of mjomba: maternal uncle n Plural of mjukuu: grandchild n Plural of mjumbe: messenger v burn nyakati n time, period of time season pron poss 1,2,3,11 his, her, hers, its n Plural of mke: wife n Plural of Mkenya: Kenyan n Plural of mkimbiaji: runner n Plural of mkimbizi: 1. refugee 2. fugitive pron poss 1,2,3,11 your sg., yours sg. cop loc unspec 2 they are in an unspecified place n Plural of Mkristo: Christian n Plural of mkulima: farmer n Plural of mkurugenzi: leader, manager n Plural of mkusanya: collector n Plural of mkwe: in-law conj but, however n Plural of mlawatu: cannibal pron dem nprox 2 those, yonder, those over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer n cooked rice n Plural of mwali: maiden n Plural of mlimaji: farmer n Plural of mwalimu: teacher, instructor n Plural of mlinzi: guard n Plural of Mmarekani: American cop loc in 2 they are within, in there n Plural of mwana: child, offspring, son, daughter v infl they have See also: wa na n Plural of mwanafunzi: pupil; student n men Plural of mwanamume: man n women Plural of mwanamke: woman pron poss 1,2,3,11 my, mine n Plural of mnyama: 1. animal 2. beast pron pers they pron poss 1,2,3,11 their n Plural of mwombaji: beggar n Plural of mpendwa: dear, beloved pron inter where n Plural of mpishi: cook cop loc spec 2 they are in a specified place n Plural of mpwa: nephew, niece n Plural of Mreno: Portuguese n Plural of mrithi: inheritor n Plural of Mrumi: Roman n Plural of Mrusi: Russian n Plural of msafiri: traveller n Plural of msaidizi: assistant n Plural of msanii: artist n Plural of msemaji: speaker; orator n Plural of mshairi: poet n Plural of mshauri: consultant, advisor n Plural of mshika: holder n Plural of mshindani: competitor n Plural of mshinde: loser n Plural of mshindi: winner n Plural of mshirika: partner, associate n Plural of mshiriki: participant n Plural of mshonaji: tailor. (synonym: mshoni) n Plural of mshoni: tailor. (synonym: mshonaji) n Plural of msichana: girl n Plural of msimamizi: overseer, supervisor n Plural of msomaji: reader n Plural of Msumbiji: Mozambican n Plural of Mswahili: Swahili person n Plural of Msweden: Swede. (synonym: Mswidi) n Plural of Mswidi: Swede. (synonym: Msweden) n Plural of mtalaka: divorcee n Plural of mtalii: tourist n Plural of Mtanzania: Tanzanian n Plural of mtazamaji: observer n Plural of mtoto: child n people Plural of mtu: person n Plural of mtume: prophet, apostle n Plural of mtumishi: servant, boy n Plural of mtumwa: slave n Plural of mtunza: caretaker n Plural of mwuguzi: nurse n Plural of mume: husband nyavu n net, network n Plural of mvulana: boy n Plural of mvuvi: fisherman n Plural of Myahudi: Jew n Plural of Myunani: Hellene, ancient Greek v think n Plural of mzazi: parent n Plural of mzee: elder adj open mawazo n thought n Plural of Mzungu: European v put v put aside for v be put nyembe n razor adj 2 many, much pron poss 1,2,3,11 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 2,3,11 having with n Plural of mwenyeji: inhabitant n Plural of mwenzi: companion pron poss 1,2,3,11 our, ours n blackness pron pers you sg. v be able v be possible v caus enable n Plural of mwizi: thief n week num two in concords other than with cl. 10 See also: mbili mawimbi n wave nyimbo n song v hunt n abundance n ink adj jealous n theft, robbery pron 3,11 all, whole pron all of them prt poss 4,6,9 of n yard measure mayai n egg pron poss 4,6,9 his, her, hers, its pron poss 4,6,9 your sg., yours sg. cop loc unspec 6 are in an unspecified place pron dem nprox 6 those, yonder, those over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer cop loc in 6 are within, in there v infl 6 it has See also: wa na pron poss 4,6,9 my, mine pron poss 4,6,9 their cop loc spec 6 are in a specified place pron poss 4,6,9 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 4,6,9 having with pron poss 4,6,9 our, ours pron pers he she it pron 4,6,9 all, whole cop loc unspec he is, she is, it is in an unspecified place pron dem nprox 1 that, yonder, the one over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer cop loc in he is, she is, it is within, in there cop loc spec he is, she is, it is in a specified place prt poss 10 of v bear, give birth n grape, raisin n dispensary adv more pron poss 10 his, her, hers, its pron poss 10 your sg., yours sg. v be born adv in the past adj purple pron poss 10 my, mine mazao n product, harvest, produce pron poss 10 their n present adj old pron poss 10 your pl., yours pl. cop poss 10 having with pron poss 10 our, ours v stop up v unstop v increase v caus multiply cop loc unspec 10 are in an unspecified place pron dem nprox 10 those, yonder, those over there distant from both the speaker and the hearer v put out adj entire, overall, whole v faint cop loc in 10 are within, in there v infl 10 it has See also: wa na cop loc spec 10 are in a specified place adj heavy maziwa n lake breast v caus accustom mazoezi n exercise pron 10 all, whole v hinder v withhold from mazulia n rug, carpet v go round v discuss v converse in mazungumzo n discussion, discourse adj beautiful, fine, handsome, lovely good, nice, okay